Greece won

The Greek-Persian Wars (Greco-Persian Wars). In the second half of the 6th century BC, the Persian Empire pursued an aggressive policy of marching westward. In 546 BC, Persia annexed Lydia and then conquered the Greek city-states in Asia Minor. In 512 BC, Darius I, king of Persia, crossed the Bosporus Strait and made an expedition to Sicily north of the Danube. Although he failed, he took the opportunity to occupy Thrace and the Black Sea Strait and cut off the communication between Greece and the Black Sea. The commerce originally controlled by Athens and other city-states is now transferred to Phoenician merchants attached to Persia. Persian rulers were not satisfied with this, but also attempted to conquer the Greek peninsula. In this situation, all Greek states must wage a war against Persian aggression, whether for their own survival or for the development of maritime trade.

In 5 BC, Miletus in Asia Minor and other city-states set off an uprising against Persian rule, which became the fuse of the Greek-Persian war. At that time, Miletus had asked for help from the Greek peninsula city-states, but most of the Greek peninsula city-states did not send troops to help, and only Athens and Aile doria on the island of British Columbia sent 25 warships to help. Darius assembled heavy troops and suppressed the resistance of the city-states in Asia Minor. Since then, Persia has directed its aggression at the Greek peninsula.

in 492 BC, the Persian army of land and sea attacked Greece. When the fleet sailed to Cape Athos, it was hit by a hurricane, most of the ships sank, and 2, marines were buried in the belly of fish. The army encountered resistance from the local people in Thrace and suffered heavy losses, so it was forced to turn back. After the defeat of the Persian expedition, Darius continued to prepare for the war while intimidating. He sent messengers to the Greek States, demanding "soil and water", which means surrender to Persia. Athens and Sparta resolutely refused. Athens threw the Persian messenger into the abyss. Sparta threw the messenger into the well and laughed and said, "Go get the soil and water yourself!" "

in 49 BC, Darius launched the second attack on Greece. Persian navy crossed the Aegean Sea, captured Al-doria, and landed in Marathon Plain in the northeast of Athens. Athens mobilized all its citizens and recruited 1, heavily armed soldiers. In addition, it only got 1, reinforcements sent by Platia, a small town in attiya, while Athens faced 1, Persian troops, which was far outnumbered. In a very urgent situation, Athens took the advice of general Mittaiyad and sent the whole army to the marathon. At the beginning of the war, Mi Taiya arranged the army into a phalanx, with the main force concentrated on the two wings, and the Chinese army was weak. After the contact between the two armies, the Zhongjun in Athens retreated under the pressure of the Persian army, while the two wings broke through the Persian army's bow and arrow shooting with a quick and quick March, and repelled the two wings of the Persian army with a dense phalanx of long guns, which caused the Persian army's lineup to be in chaos and fled to warships at sea. The two wings of the Athenian army turned to the rear to unite with the Chinese army, panic in the Persian Chinese army, and won the marathon. After the victory in Athens, a soldier was sent back to Athens to report the good news. He ran for more than 4 kilometers in one breath and arrived in Athens and said, "We won." The voice just fell and he fainted and died. In order to commemorate this heroic event, later generations decided to hold marathons regularly.

After the marathon, both sides are actively preparing for another battle. Athens greatly expanded its navy and built 2 new three-row oar warships, and 31 Greek city-states formed an alliance against Persian aggression. Persia also forced manpower and material resources from all over the world to prepare for another massive invasion of Greece. In the spring of 48 BC, Xue Xisi, king of Persia, led an army of land and sea from Abedos, entered Europe, and invaded Greece by land and sea along the coast of Thrace. According to Herodotus, Persia dispatched 1.7 million soldiers and 1,27 warships, plus 5 million non-combatants. These figures are obviously exaggerated, but the team does have a huge scale. In order to meet the Persian army, Spartan King Leonidas led 3 soldiers and insisted on guarding the hot spring pass in Central Greece. Leonidas led his troops to fight hard, but because the spies led the way to sneak attack, the hot spring pass fell, and all Spartans died heroically. Later generations erected a monument to commemorate it. The inscription reads: "Passers-by, go and tell the LaXidi dreamers that we have obeyed their orders and buried here." After the hot spring pass fell, the Greek navy, which was stationed at the Cape of Artemisia, voluntarily retreated to Salami Bay in Attica. The Persian army passed through the hot spring pass and went straight to Attica, occupying the city of Athens. At this point, the Athenians had moved women and children to Troisen, Peloponnesus, under the command of the navy commander Tammy stokely, and recruited all the adult men to prepare for a decisive battle in Salami Bay. On the morning of September 2th, 48 BC, the naval battle of Salami began. Persian large warships are not allowed to display in narrow bays, while Greek small warships operate freely. The Athenian soldiers fought bravely and dealt a heavy blow to the enemy ships. At the end of the night battle, the Persian navy was defeated, losing more than 3 warships, while Greece lost only 4.