Because Jingzhou has an important position in history and culture, with a long history and profound culture.
The history of Jingzhou, a famous historical and cultural city, can be traced back to the Paleolithic Age. As early as about 50,000 years ago, humans thrived here; 5,000 years ago, Yu Gong divided the country into prefectures, and Jingzhou became the One of the Nine States; from 689 BC when King Chu Wen established his capital in Ying (today's Jinan, Jingzhou) to the demise of the Jingnan Kingdom in 963 AD, 34 emperors from 6 dynasties established their capitals here; during the Western Han Dynasty, Jingzhou City was One of the top ten commercial cities in the country; during the Three Kingdoms period, the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu, and Wu stood in power. Jingzhou, as the key point leading to Bashu in the west, Wuhui in the east, and the Central Plains in the north, became a battleground for all countries; during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Jingzhou and Yangzhou In the Tang Dynasty, it was promoted to the southern capital, and in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was the seat of the Lu and Prefectural Government. In the Qing Dynasty, the Jingzhou Garrison General's Office was established here. There are many cultural relics and scenic spots in the territory, including 76 key cultural relics protection units. Jingzhou's ancient city wall has a long history and is well-preserved. It is unique in the country and even the world. It can be called a monument in the history of ancient human city wall architecture. The archaeological community calls it "a rare and complete wall in southern my country." In addition, there are many Three Kingdoms sites such as Guandi Temple, Guan Yu’s Dianjiang Platform, Zhang Fei’s Yidan of Earth, Guan Gong’s bone scraping to cure poison, etc. [6]
The birthplace of Chu culture
The Chu State, one of the seven heroes of the Warring States Period, had 20 Chu kings who established their capital in Jingzhou for 411 years. At its largest area, it included At that time, half of China became a vast country with "thousands of chariots and tens of thousands of horses." The ancestors of Chu created here the "Chu culture" that was comparable to the ancient Greek culture at that time. Its exquisite textile, smelting, forging, and lacquer craftsmanship, as well as the philosophy of Lao (Zi) and Zhuang (Zi), and Zhuang Sao literature, etc., became popular. The brilliant and dazzling Chu culture contains almost all the essence of the culture of the same generation. [6]
Three Kingdoms Cultural Center
During the Three Kingdoms period, the heroes of Wei, Shu, and Wu fought against each other and launched a protracted battle for Jingzhou. Many powerful heroes galloped inside and outside the ancient city. A hero who left behind countless legendary stories. "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" contains 72 out of 120 chapters about Jingzhou, using Jingzhou, conquering Jingzhou, attacking Jingzhou, losing Jingzhou... scenes of thrilling ancient Chinese war dramas were performed. Guan Yu, the famous general of the Three Kingdoms who guarded Jingzhou for ten years, has been respected by the world for thousands of years for his integrity and loyalty. The Guan Gong culture derived from him has had a profound impact on people's spiritual and ideological fields. [6]
Jianghan Folk Culture Center
Chu-Han Cultural Relics
Thousands of years of cultural accumulation have made Jingzhou a dazzling and colorful giant folk culture treasure house , romantic and lyrical witch songs and Chu dances, world-famous Shiqu dramas (Chu opera, Han opera, three-stick drums, Mashan folk songs, puppets and shadow puppets), ingenious embroidery, bamboo slips, bronzes, root carvings, and wood art. The world's eight treasures of palace delicacies, famous dishes from the Three Kingdoms, and endless folk customs enjoy high popularity at home and abroad, forming unique Jianghan folk culture tourism resources. [6]
Famous figures
Former Residence of Zhang Juzheng
Zhong Lingyu’s beautiful land of Jingzhou has given birth to generations of outstanding figures.
The "ancestors of Ci and Fu" Qu Yuan (340 BC - 278 BC) and Song Yu, the "fathers of philosophy" Laozi (ca. 571 BC - 471 BC) and Zhuangzi (369 - 471 BC) 286)
"The Forefather of Drama" You Meng
The Overlord of Chuzhuang in the Spring and Autumn Period (? - 591 BC)
"One School and Three Phases" in the Tang Dynasty Cen Wenwen (Cen Shen's great-grandfather) (595~645), Cen Changqian (Cen Shen's uncle) (?-691), Cen Xi (Cen Shen's uncle) (?-713) all used literary and ink to become prime ministers.
Cén Shen (cén shēn) (about 715-770) was a poet of the Tang Dynasty, Han nationality, from Jiangling, Jingzhou (Jianling, Hubei). He was 56 years old when he died. He was a famous frontier fortress poet in the Tang Dynasty, and Gao Gao It is suitable to be called Gao Cen. His poems are full of romantic characteristics, with majestic momentum, rich imagination, magnificent colors, and unrestrained enthusiasm. He is especially good at seven-character songs.
Zhang Juzheng (1525-1582), the "Outstanding Prime Minister" of the Ming Dynasty
These historical celebrities all came to the historical stage from Jingzhou and have been famous throughout the ages. [6]
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Overall introduction
Jingzhou Ancient City
Jingzhou is the birthplace of Chu culture. , Sun Shuao and Qu Yuan all entered the stage of history from here. Jingzhou is the birthplace of the culture of the Three Kingdoms. "Every time I hear about the affairs of the Three Kingdoms, I want to go to Jingzhou." The 120-chapter "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" mentions Jingzhou in 72 chapters. Historical allusions such as "Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou" and "Guan Yu lost Jingzhou carelessly" are very popular. The ancient city of Jingzhou is one of the best-preserved ancient cities in China and is known as the "unique Jiangnan complete wall". The Jingzhou Museum, Chudu Ji Nancheng, Monument Garden, Bonsai Garden, Taihui Temple, Kaiyuan Temple, Xuanmiao Temple, Tienv Temple, Guan Temple, Xiongjiazhongzi Tomb and other scenic spots in the area are unforgettable. The long history, splendid culture and unique landscape have attracted many Chinese and foreign tourists to visit here, and many businesses have invested here.
Jingzhou Ancient City
Jingzhou Ancient City
There are 6 original city gates around the Jingzhou Ancient City Wall, namely the East Gate and Xiaodong Gate (also known as Gongan Gate) , North Gate, Small North Gate, West Gate, South Gate.
Each city gate is equipped with a "double insurance", with two gates at the front and back, and an urn between the two gates, so as to "catch turtles in the urn" and kill the enemy attacking the city. In order to ease traffic in the city, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, three new city gates were opened, namely the new east gate, the new south gate, and the new north gate. None of the newly opened city gates have urns. All six ancient city gates originally had towers, but now only the east gate and the north gate have towers. Therefore, the best places to visit and appreciate the style of the ancient city wall are the East Gate and Dabei Gate. The east gate is also called "Yinbin Gate". The tower is the "Binyang Tower", which was built in the Ming Dynasty. The current tower was rebuilt in 1988. The east gate is the city gate that welcomes envoys and guests. Therefore, the gate tower is spectacular and the barbican is the largest. The Great North Gate, also known as the Gongji Gate, is the exit of the ancient post road leading to the Central Plains and the capital. People send off their relatives and friends here for their long journeys. It is customary to break willows and give them to each other to wish them peace, so the Great North Gate is also called the Willow Gate. The gate tower of the Great North Gate is named "Chaozong Tower", and the date of its reconstruction is written below the ridge of the tower: it was rebuilt in the ninth year of Wuxu, the ninth month of Renxu, the tenth day of Wushen, and Dingsi in the 18th year of Daoguang's reign in the Qing Dynasty. The Dabeimen Gate Tower is the only remaining ancient tower on the ancient city wall. This building is simple and spectacular. Movies such as "Little Flower", "The Long Road" and "Warring States Bells" were filmed here. There are stairs in Binyang Tower and Chaozong Tower. Visitors can climb up and enjoy the ancient city's charm.
The ancient city wall of Jingzhou was a large-scale military fortification in ancient times. In addition to the tall and solid walls and urn and other buildings, there are also many supporting military facilities on the city wall. It is still the most important The most distinctive features of the combat defense function are the four hidden soldier caves, one each in the east, west, north and south. Each one is 10.5 meters long, 6.3 meters wide and 6 meters deep. It is divided into upper and lower floors and can accommodate more than 100 people. There is also a small Tibetan soldier cave on each floor, each small cave can accommodate 2 people, and there are perforations in the caves. The wall where the Tibetan Soldier Cave is located protrudes outward in a rectangular shape. The enemy attacking the city can be shot with holes and hidden arrows from three sides to catch them off guard.
The currently well-preserved city wall has an inner diameter of 3.75 kilometers from east to west, a diameter of 1.2 kilometers from north to south, and a total area of ??4.6 square kilometers. The Jingzhou moat, also known as the water area, was the first line of defense of the ancient city. The moat is 10,500 meters long, 30 meters wide, and 4 meters deep. The moat connects to Taihu Lake in the west, Changhu Lake in the east, and the ancient canal. You can reach Wuhan directly from the inland river by boat. [7]
Jingzhou Museum
The predecessor of Jingzhou Museum was the Jingzhou Working Group of Hubei Provincial Museum of Culture and History established in the early 1950s. In October 1958, it was renamed Jingzhou Regional Museum. It was handed over to the management of Jiangling County and was called Jiangling County Exhibition Hall. In October 1971, it was returned to the management of the Cultural Bureau of Jingzhou Administrative Office and was still called Jingzhou Regional Museum. In December 1994, Jingsha merged and was renamed Jingzhou Museum. Located inside the west gate of Jingzhou City, a national historical and cultural city, it is a local comprehensive museum that integrates multiple functions such as display and exhibition, publicity and education, cultural relic collection and protection, archaeological excavation and research. The museum covers an area of ??more than 50,000 square meters. , with a construction area of ??23,000 square meters, consists of the ancient Kaiyuan Temple, an exhibition building, a treasure hall, an archaeological restoration building, a cultural relics storage building, Chu Le Palace and office buildings. Kaiyuan Temple was built in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The existing buildings such as Shanmen, Leizu Hall, Sanqing Hall, and Zushi Hall are a basically complete group of ancient Taoist buildings. The exhibition building is a three-story building. The antique building with glazed tile roof covers an area of ??4,000 square meters; the treasure hall is a triple courtyard-style building with front and rear areas, covering an area of ??2,200 square meters. There are currently 105 staff members, and it has offices, archaeological research institutes, cultural relics exploration teams, display departments, propaganda departments, cultural relics preservation departments and other business organizations. Affiliated to Jingzhou Municipal Culture Bureau. In 1993, it was named one of the top ten outstanding museums at the prefecture and county level by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage. In 1995, it was named a national advanced cultural collective by the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Personnel. In 2000, the National Tourism Administration awarded it a 4A-level tourist attraction.
In conjunction with various infrastructure constructions, the Jingzhou Museum has excavated more than 7,000 ancient tombs and nearly 200,000 square meters of ancient cultural sites. There are currently more than 130,000 cultural relics in the collection, mainly unearthed cultural relics from archaeological excavations, followed by handed down cultural relics and some revolutionary cultural relics, including bronzes, pottery, porcelain, lacquered wood wares, jade wares, stone wares, silk fabrics, gold and silver wares, calligraphy and paintings of past dynasties, Bamboo slips, etc., including 492 sets of national first-class cultural relics, including the world's earliest clay sculpture fauna; various prehistoric jades with incredible craftsmanship; the 4th generation Yue King sword that is as good as new; the best preserved, most complete variety, weaving and embroidery in my country so far Mashan's Warring States silk fabrics, which are the most exquisite in craftsmanship and are hailed as the world's "silk treasure house" by experts and scholars; Chu and Han bamboo slips, which fill gaps in historical records and are known as underground libraries; are gorgeous in color and exquisite in craftsmanship, accounting for three-fifths of the country's total Precious cultural relics such as Chu, Qin and Han lacquer woodware and the earliest unique type of ancient corpse of the Western Han Dynasty discovered in the world so far can be called national treasures.
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