Catalog
1. Habitat
2. Morphological Characteristics
3. Distribution Range
4. Breeding Techniques
5. Nutritional Value
Habitat
Living Conditions
Like to live in clear, cooler water with more dissolved oxygen and abundant flow. Life limit temperature 0-30 ℃, suitable for living temperature of 12-18 ℃, the optimal growth temperature of 16-18 ℃, below 7 ℃ or higher than 20 ℃, appetite loss, growth slowdown, more than 24 ℃ feeding stops, and later gradually weakened and died.
It has high requirements for dissolved oxygen in water. Dissolved oxygen below 3 mg / liter for the lethal point, below 4.3 mg / liter when the floating head began to die. When the dissolved oxygen is lower than 5 mg/liter, the respiratory rate is accelerated.
Feeding
Carnivorous. Juvenile stage to zooplankton. Benthic animals and aquatic insects are the mainstay; adult fish feed on fish, crustaceans, shellfish and terrestrial and aquatic insects, and also eat aquatic plant leaves and seeds.
Morphological characteristics
Rainbow trout sexually mature individuals along the lateral line has a purplish-red and peach-colored, wide and bright red rainbow band, straight along to the base of the caudal fin, in the breeding season is particularly colorful. It looks like a rainbow, hence the name. The body of the fish is fusiform, slightly laterally compressed. There is a blubber fin, beautiful body color. There is a longitudinal brown-red band on the side of the body, resembling a rainbow. The body is laterally compressed, the mouth is large, slit, end position. The muzzle is rounded and blunt, and the upper jaw has fine teeth. The dorsal fin is short at the base and has a small blubber fin after the dorsal fin. The pectoral fins are medium and slightly pointed at the end. Ventral fin smaller, away from anal fin. Scales are small and rounded. Dorsum and top of head bluish-green, yellowish-green, and brown, sides of body and belly silvery-white, white, and grayish-white. Small black spots are irregularly distributed on the head, sides of the body, dorsum and fins.
Range
The rainbow trout is found in mountain streams and rivers in North America. It is found in the Pacific coast of Canada, the United States, Mexico, Japan, Europe, Oceania, South America, parts of East Asia, and in the rivers of Colombia. Rainbow trout is an introduced species. Most of the country's more than 50 professional rainbow trout farms are located in Beijing, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jilin and Shaanxi.
Culture Technology
Rainbow trout is a cold-water fish belonging to the salmon family, and is one of the most widely farmed fish in the world. Because rainbow trout is most suitable for artificial intensive culture, with high yield, high efficiency, broad market and other characteristics, so the rainbow trout aquaculture is developing rapidly, and the range of aquaculture area and production is increasing year by year. Raising adult fish is the purpose of our production, generally raising adult fish is to use the full 1-year-old fish as fish species to start raising, there are also fish from the year until the edible fish out of the pool, each place can be based on the conditions to decide.
1. stocking density, in order to get high yield, must put a sufficient amount of fish species, usually in a year's growth period, the annual production of about 3.5-5 times the amount of stocking in the permitted conditions, the amount of stocking and the amount of production is proportional to the amount of stocking, so, to achieve the intended annual production, the amount of stocking must be up to the production target of 20-30 percent. 30%.
2. Feed, feed for raising adult fish are mainly, imported fishmeal, domestic fishmeal, meat and bone meal, meat meal, blood meal, yeast, brewer's yeast, soybean cake, soybeans, soybean meal, wheat gluten, cornmeal, flour foot, and in addition to add vitamins and minerals, fish oil, soybean oil and so on. Feed crude protein content of about 43%, about 13% crude fat, crude ash 6-12%, crude fiber 2-5%, nitrogen-free leachate 20-25%, carbohydrates 20-30%, phosphorus 0.8% or more, calcium 0.2 -0.25%, magnesium 0.1%, sodium chloride 1-2%, and the metabolizable energy in the feed should be greater than 300 kcal/100g. Feed ingredients must ensure the quality, moldy, spoiled feed resolutely do not use.
Nutritional value
1, rainbow trout is not resistant to any pollution, must be raised in clear and transparent cold water, aquaculture products are clean and hygienic, the meat flavor is fresh and strong, the taste is tender and alive.
2, no thorns in the meat, easy to eat, suitable for the old and young, easy to digest.
3. The content of vitamin D and iron is much higher than other foods.
4, highly unsaturated fatty acids, especially 22 charcoal 6 oenoic acid and 20 charcoal 5 oenoic acid content is very high, the former has to help the brain development and growth, activation of brain cells, slow brain aging effect, the latter has to reduce blood lipids, prevent atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and stroke effect.
5. Fish brain is rich in phosphoprotein, which can promote brain development.
6, fish skin is rich in protein, with beauty and health effects.
7, iron is the body of the necessary substances of hematopoietic, to maintain the normal physiological function of internal organs has an important role.
8, rainbow trout eggs, grains as large as soybeans, rich in highly unsaturated fatty acids and egg proteins, is a world-renowned high-grade nutritional food. Rainbow trout is a high-polar health care nutritional food of great significance to the health of the body.
In recent years, the so-called deep-sea fish oil imported from the U.S., Japan, Canada and other countries, is actually extracted from the salmon trout salmon oil, rich in 22 carbon-6-enoic acid and 20 carbon-5-enoic acid, which are highly unsaturated fatty acids and extremely nutritious, and its function is to nourish the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems.
The content of these two unsaturated fatty acids in salmon and trout fish is much higher than that in other freshwater fish, such as per 100 grams of rainbow trout meat, the content of these two unsaturated fatty acids is 983 mg and 247 mg respectively. This is the most important embodiment of the nutritional value of salmon and trout.