In the spring of 20 years, the public cut down and took a sentence. Xia, Song Gong, Wei Hou, Xu Nan and Teng Zi attacked Zheng. Autumn, August, Ding Wei, and Zhu people fought for the promotion of Hong. In winter, the first month of October has been the new moon, and the Duke of Song and the Chu people fought against Yu Hong, and the Song division was defeated.

The Chu people cut the Song Dynasty to save Zheng. Song Gong will fight. Sima Gu remonstrated, saying, "Heaven has abandoned business for a long time, and you will revive it, and you can forgive it." Listen. In the winter of November, the Duke of Song and the Chu people fought against Yu Hong. The Song Dynasty was established, but the Chu people were not in ji ji.

Sima Yi said, "The other people are few, and they are not in ji ji. Please strike them." Gong said, "No." Ji ji and not listed, and to tell. Gong said, "Not possible." Chen and then hit it, and the Song division was defeated. Public injury stocks, door officials annihilate.

All Chinese blame the public. Gong said, "A gentleman is not seriously injured. In ancient times, it was an army, not a barrier. Although I am a national subjugation, I can't make it without drums. "

Zi Yu said, "You don't know how to fight. Those who beat the enemy, pass without listing, praise me. Is it not bad to stop it? There is still fear! And now, those who are embarrassed are both our enemies. Although it's nonsense, if you get it, take it. What's the point? Teach war with shame and seek to kill the enemy. How can you not be heavy before you die? If you love serious injuries, don't hurt them; If you love the second hair, it will be like serving. The three armed forces use it, and the golden drum uses sound and gas. If you use it for profit, you can also block it; The sound is full of ambition, and the drums can be used. "

Translation:

Chu attacked Song State to save Zheng State. Song Xianggong was about to take up the battle, and Sun Gungu, the great Sima, remonstrated and said, "God has abandoned our country for a long time, and your master wants to revive it, which is unforgivable." Song Xianggong wouldn't listen.

Song Jun and Chu Army fought in Hongshui. Song Jun has set the battle array, and the Chujun has not completely crossed the river. Sima Ziyu said, "The enemy is outnumbered. Please give an order to attack them before they completely cross the river."

Song Xianggong said, "No." When all the Chu troops had crossed the river, but they had not yet arranged their positions, Sima Ziyu asked for an attack again. Song Xianggong said, "No." Such as ChuJun set up the battle array, and then began to attack, the result of Song Jun defeat, Song Xianggong thigh injury, the guard was annihilated.

Song people all blame Song Xianggong. Song Xianggong said, "A gentleman doesn't hurt people who have been injured, and he doesn't arrest people with gray hair. The ancients fought and did not stop the enemy at the pass. "

Although I am a descendant of the ruined Shang dynasty, I will not attack the enemy who has not set up a good position. Zi Yu said, "My Lord doesn't know anything about war. Powerful enemies can't stand up because of the narrow terrain. This is God's help. Isn't it possible to intercept them and attack them at this time? Even so, I'm afraid I can't win.

Besides, today, these tough Chu soldiers are our enemies. Even if we meet an old man, we will take him back when we catch him, not to mention just gray-haired people! Tell the soldiers shame and teach them to fight in order to kill the enemy. The enemy is injured but not dead. Why can't he attack again and kill him?

If you don't want to hurt those injured people again because you pity them, you might as well not hurt them in the first place. It is better to give in to the elderly enemies than to sympathize with them. It is necessary to seize the favorable conditions and opportunities when using troops, so it is appropriate to attack the enemy even in dangerous places; Loud gongs and drums are used to boost morale, so it is ok to attack enemies who are not in battle. "

Extended data:

Appreciation of literature

This article focuses on Zi Yu's views on war, and his wise vision is in sharp contrast with Song Xianggong's pedantry and stubbornness. The full text is not long, but it completely narrates the most critical battle between Song and Chu in the process of hegemony, and successfully depicts the image of Song Xianggong: the political and military dogma of clinging to hypocrisy.

Such as "no drums, no columns", "no obstacles", "no serious injuries, no birds" and so on; He highly affirmed Zi Yu's military views: promoting his own strengths, avoiding his own weaknesses, seizing fighters in time, making flexible use of the natural environment, and destroying the enemy's effective forces in time and thoroughly. The Song Xianggong described in this article has become a typical one, which is called "the benevolence of Song Xiang".

On the other hand, in the Qing Dynasty, Han Mu-lu quoted Hu's biography as saying: "Song Xianggong is very unkind in employing people in the society! However, if you love serious injuries and two hairs, what is the difference between stealing your feet? After you are born, it is benevolence. Is it cheap for Chen Zhongzi to leave his brother from his mother? "

The narrative of this article has layers, and the pen has weight. It can be divided into three paragraphs: the first paragraph is about pre-war preparation, the second paragraph is about fighting scenes, and the third paragraph is about post-war summary. The story has a beginning and an end, and there are ups and downs.

The narrative focuses on Song Xianggong's "pig-like benevolence and morality" (Mao Zedong's "On protracted war") and the positive affirmation of Zi Yu's military thought. As for Chu, the other side of the war, it is only described in profile, and the scene of fierce fighting is also understated and brushed aside. The narrative focuses on theory, and the form of theory is abstract, so it is difficult to judge whether it is correct or not.

What is valuable is that the author uses the method of narration and discussion in combination with actual combat from beginning to end, and the advantages and disadvantages of the theory are obvious. The wise and foolish understand that the highlight of this article is that in narration and discussion, Zi Yu's words and deeds are consciously compared with Song Xianggong's words and deeds, which is very similar to today's positive and negative confrontation debate. In comparison, it is beneficial to see Song Xianggong's stupidity and Zi Yu's correctness.

This article is a wonderful refutation and the first refutation in Zuo Zhuan. The author uses rhetorical sentences to enhance the momentum of refutation, and he is not bothered to say anything, and his rhetoric is good, which is very convincing.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ziyu Debate