What food can you eat to get lymphoma?
But through active treatment.
Great progress has been made in the treatment of lymphoma in recent years.
Many chemotherapy schemes are very good.
The following is a piece of information for your reference:
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summary
Lymphoma is a malignant tumor that originates from lymph nodes or lymphoid tissues. The main clinical manifestations are painless and progressive lymphadenopathy. The disease can occur at any age, but the peak age of onset is 3 1~40 years old, and the peak of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma moves forward slightly. The ratio of male to female is 2~3: 1.
cause of a disease
The cause of human lymphoma is not clear. There are only two viruses related to lymphoma in humans, namely EB virus and human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus (HTLV-1). According to its pathological features, it can be divided into Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).
symptom
First, the onset of lymph nodes and lymphoid tissues.
Superficial lymph nodes are the majority, and HD is more than NHL. The most involved lymph nodes are neck, followed by armpit and groin. Generally painless, progressive swelling, medium hardness. It can move in the early stage, and adhesion and multiple swollen lymph nodes fuse together in the late stage. Some HD patients' lymphadenopathy can temporarily stop or even shrink at a certain time, so as to be misdiagnosed as lymphadenitis or lymphadenopathy.
The onset of deep lymph nodes, especially mediastinal lymph nodes, can compress the superior vena cava and cause superior vena cava syndrome. It can also compress trachea, esophagus and recurrent laryngeal nerve, resulting in dyspnea, dysphagia and hoarseness. Lymphsarcoma cell leukemia is more common in mediastinal NHL. However, the first HD in the mediastinum of young women is mostly nodular sclerosis, and they are often dissatisfied with the treatment response.
Primary malignant lymphoma in retroperitoneal lymph nodes, NHL is the most common, which can cause long-term and unexplained fever and make clinical diagnosis difficult.
Lymphoma, which originated in the pharyngeal lymphatic ring, is more common in NHL and often accompanied by subphrenic invasion. Symptoms include sore throat, foreign body sensation, poor breathing and hoarseness.
Second, the disease occurs outside the knot.
Except lymphoid tissue, it can occur in any part of the body, among which primary gastrointestinal lymphoma is the most common, and gastric and high intestinal lymphoma can have symptoms such as epigastric pain and vomiting. Small intestinal lymphoma usually occurs in ileocecum, often with chronic diarrhea, fatty diarrhea and intestinal obstruction.
Third, systemic symptoms.
There are often general weakness, emaciation, loss of appetite, night sweats and irregular fever. A few HD may have periodic fever.
check
First, the blood picture.
There is nothing special in the early days. Anemia is found in patients with advanced or hemolytic anemia. White blood cells are generally normal except bone marrow involvement, and eosinophils increase, especially HD.
Second, the bone marrow image.
Bone marrow is generally normal before lymphoma invades it. It is valuable to find a Reed-sternberg cell in HD bone marrow smear for diagnosis.
Third, biochemical examination.
Accelerated ESR indicates that the disease is active; Serum copper and ferritin increased in the progression of the disease, but decreased in the remission stage; Zinc is the opposite. Elevated alkaline phosphatase may involve liver or bone. Liver involvement can be accompanied by an increase in 5-nucleotidase. Hypercalcemia suggests bone invasion,
Fourth, immunological abnormalities.
The reactivity of HD patients to tuberculin and other irritants decreased, and the lymphocyte transformation rate in vitro decreased, which was related to the progress of the disease.
Six, biopsy.
An indispensable examination method for positive diagnosis. Generally, lymph nodes in the lower neck or armpit should be selected.
Seven, mediastinoscopy.
Mediastinoscopy can enter the mediastinum through the pleura for biopsy, which is relatively simple and safe.
Eight, CT, nuclear magnetic resonance and sonogram inspection.
Lymph node lesions and liver and spleen lesions in the chest, retroperitoneum and mesentery can be found.
Nine, laparotomy.
It can determine whether the lymph nodes in the spleen, liver and abdominal cavity are involved, which is essential for determining the irradiation field by radiotherapy (pathological staging). If splenectomy is performed at the same time, the damage to adjacent tissues and organs caused by radiotherapy in spleen area can be avoided.
treat
The treatment of lymphoma has made great progress in recent years, and most of HD can be cured. Although NHL is not as effective as HD, some cases have been cured.
First, radiotherapy:
(1) ⅠA and ⅡA of HD can be irradiated by sub-total lymph field alone.
(2) Chemotherapy should be added after radiotherapy (1 month) for 2)NHL with low grade ⅠA and Ⅱ A..
Second, chemotherapy:
(1)HDⅢB~V cases should be treated with chemotherapy, and the complete remission rate can reach 60 ~ 80% after 6 courses of combined chemotherapy with MOPP6.1/2 ~1/3 cases maintain long-term remission, and some cases can last as long as 15 years.
(2) Patients with low and moderate stage Ⅲ and ⅵ NHL and highly malignant stage Ⅰ ~ ⅵ are all suitable for chemotherapy, and regional radiotherapy will be given as appropriate after the tumor is relieved.
Third, surgical treatment: radical surgery is feasible in the following cases, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy: ① localized extranodal lesions on the body surface; ② Digestive tract lymphoma; ③ Urogenital lymphoma; ④ Primary lymphoma of spleen.
Bone marrow transplantation: the curative effect of bone marrow transplantation on lymphoma needs to be evaluated.
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