A. Simulation experiment B. Control experiment C. Direct experiment D. Detection experiment
2. The picture on the right is to observe the two fields of view of plant cells temporarily, and to change the image in the field of view from picture A to picture B, The correct sequence of the following operation steps is ()
① Turn the fine focus screw ② Adjust the aperture
③ Move the loading ④ Turn the converter
A.③ ① ①→ ②→ ④→ ③→ ③→ ①→ ② ①
C.③ ①→→→ ④→→ ② D. ③→→→ ④→①→①
3. The mistake is that
A. An ecosystem, regardless of its size, is made up of biological parts and abiotic parts
B. In an ecosystem, there are often many food chains which are intertwined to form a food web
C. Animals and plants are producers of the ecosystem, and bacteria and fungi are decomposers of the ecosystem
D. The ecosystem has certain automatic adjustment ability
. What you think is more reasonable is
A. A roast duck, a cup of stewed chicken soup
B. A piece of bread, a cup of milk, a small amount of vegetables and fruits
C. An apple, a few grapes, a small amount of vegetables
D. A packet of potato chips, a few sweets and a cup of coke
5. In the school biological park, there are According to the characteristics of these plants, the students in the biology interest group classified them according to the standards in the following table. (2) and (6) are
plants
seeds without seeds
seeds with pericarp; seeds without fruit; bags with stems and leaves without stems and leaves
veins are parallel veins; veins are reticulate veins with roots without roots.
① ② ③ ④ ⑤
6. After drinking too much, people walk unsteadily and fall easily. This is because which of the following structures is paralyzed < P > A. Vertebra B. Brainstem C. Cerebellum D. Brain
7. After a period of cultivation, the quality of dry matter accumulated by a peach blossom is more than tens of times higher than that at the initial stage of cultivation. The increased dry matter mainly comes from
A. Organic matter produced by photosynthesis B. Inorganic matter absorbed by roots
C. Organic matter produced by respiration D. Moisture absorbed by roots
8. If the rooted leaves are torn off and planted in wet soil, they will soon take root and sprout and grow into new plants. This reproductive mode belongs to < P > A. Sexual reproduction B. Asexual reproduction C. Spore reproduction D. Grafting
9. In order to cultivate new varieties, people treat the seeds of crops with rays or drugs. The purpose is to change
A. Genetic material B. Seed coat C. Cell D. Vacuole
1. The microorganisms related to making steamed bread and yogurt are
A. Bacteria, fungi B. Aspergillus, Penicillium C. Mold, Acetobacter D. Yeast, Lactic acid bacteria
11. When higher animals exercise, the power they need comes from
A. Long bones B. Joints C. Skeletal muscles D. Nerves
12. The picture on the right shows the basic structure of peach blossoms, but the following statements are incorrect:
A. In the picture, ① ② ③ is collectively called pistil and ⑤ is collectively called stamen
B. After fertilization is completed, (4) will develop into seeds, and (1256) will wither < P > C. Egg cells exist in structure (4) < P > D. There are a large number of egg cells in the structure shown in figure (5)
13. The genetic composition of father is aa, and that of mother is AA. The genetic composition of the children they give birth to should be < P > A.AAB.AAC.AAD. It is possible for them to be above
14. Scientists divide organisms into several boundaries according to their similarity, and each boundary is divided into six smaller levels: phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. The most basic taxonomic unit is < P > A. Boundaries B. Phylum C. Genus D. Species
15. For normal people, no matter whether the object is near or far away, it can make the object image fall on the retina. This is mainly because < P > A. The retina can move back and forth to adjust B. The diameter of the eyeball can be adjusted at will < P > C. The pupil can be narrowed or enlarged D. The curvature of the lens can be adjusted
16. The cells in the mature area of the onion root tip and the epithelial cells in the frog's small intestine have the following structures:
① cell wall ② cell membrane ③ chloroplast ④ mitochondria. ⑤ nucleus ⑥ vacuole ⑥ cytoplasm < P > A. 12457; B. 2357; C. 2457; D. 2467; < P > 17. The following statement about biological evolution is correct < P > A. Biological evolution direction is determined by natural selection B. Biological evolution from terrestrial to aquatic < P > C. Birds evolved from amphibians. D. The theory of natural selection was put forward by Mendel
18. On February 24, 27, the Ministry of Health issued an urgent notice to "ban" two kinds of peanut butter (PeterPan and GreatValue) imported from the United States, because these two kinds of peanut butter were contaminated by a pathogenic microorganism, which is a single-celled organism with a cell wall and no formed nucleus in the cell. Do you think this creature is most likely to belong to
A. Insects B. Bacteria C. Viruses D. Fungi
19. In January 27, the "Global Risk 27" report released by the World Economic Forum and other institutions in Geneva said that climate change is one of the most serious challenges facing the world in the 21st century, and natural disasters caused by global warming may lead to large-scale population migration, energy shortage and. Which of the following gases is considered to be the main cause of global warming < P > A. Oxygen B. Ozone C. Carbon dioxide D. Carbon monoxide
2. Improving vegetation coverage is of great significance for maintaining the relative stability of oxygen and carbon dioxide contents in the atmosphere. This is because green plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis. B. Photosynthesis absorbs oxygen and carbon dioxide. C. Breathing absorbs carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. D. Breathing absorbs oxygen and carbon dioxide.
21. In order to study the effect of light on pea germination, 1 identical peas were planted in two flowerpots respectively, and the following experiments were designed. In view of the shortcomings, you think the corrections should be made:
22. The device shown on the right is used to measure the respiration rate of locusts, and the NaOH solution in the picture can fully absorb the CO2 gas in the bottle (the experimental device is enough to maintain the life activities of locusts during the experiment, and the bottle mouth is sealed). After 15 minutes, The change of the position of the liquid level in the tube on the left and right sides of the U-shaped tube is
A. Move to the left B. First move to the right and then to the left C. Move to the right D. First move to the left and then to the right
23. Which part below the digestive tract has the strongest ability to absorb nutrients
A. Stomach B. Duodenum C. Large intestine. D. Small intestine
24. The basic unit of the structure and function of the kidney is < P > A. Renal tubule B. Glomerulus C. Renal capsule D. Nephron
25. The following concept map can correctly represent chromosomes, DNA, The inclusion relationship between the three concepts of genes is
26. The laboratory has the following lenses to choose from (see the figure below). To enlarge the observed object by 5 times, the lenses that should be selected are
A.④ and ⑤ B.③ and ⑤ C.① and ③ D.② and ⑤ < P > 27. Among the following animals distributed in Huizhou, There is a word "fish" in every name, but the real fish belongs to
A. Amphioxus B. Giant salamander C. Abalone D. Hairtail
28. Litchi is the best fruit in Lingnan, and Huizhou Litchi is even more famous for Su Dongpo's "3 Litchi a Day, Don't hesitate to grow up as a Lingnan person". Litchi belongs to
A. System B. Organs C. Tissues D. Cells
29. The following statement is incorrect:
A. Xiangtoushan Nature Reserve and Luofushan Nature Reserve in our city belong to national nature reserves
B. Wetlands in our city include offshore and coastal areas, rivers and lakes. Kutang and other types
C. Mangroves are a typical wetland ecosystem
D. Viviparous phenomenon is a special propagation mode of mangrove plants
3. In the following examples, Huizhou's ecosystem diversity can be reflected by
A. Huizhou is rich in marine fish species, including hairtail, large yellow croaker, mackerel and snapper.
B. There are varieties of litchi in Huizhou, such as glutinous rice paste and cinnamon flavor.
C. Huizhou has marine, farmland, forest, urban and other ecosystems.
D. There are 1539 species of plants in Luofu Mountain, such as Alsophila spinulosa, Gemu and Pinus tabulaeformis.
II. True or false (2 points for each question.
2. dwarfism has nothing to do with abnormal hormone secretion.
3. The spoilage of food is mainly caused by bacteria and fungi.
4. The advantage of tissue culture technology is that it can cultivate new varieties.
5. The city flower and city tree in Huizhou are bougainvillea and Ficus respectively.
Third, short answer questions (3 points per space, ***3 points)
1. At present, Daya Bay and other offshore waters have become high-incidence areas of red tides in China and even Southeast Asia. It is generally believed that red tides are caused by the sea. In terms of protecting biodiversity, the most effective measures are.
2. Rabies is an acute infectious disease of people and animals. If a person is bitten by a dog with rabies virus and is not treated in time, he will usually get sick within 5-6 days. Once he gets sick, the mortality rate is 1%. Experts pointed out that vaccination is the best way to prevent rabies.
(1) Rabies virus belongs to.
(2) Inject rabies vaccine into human body, and human body will produce corresponding vaccine to fight rabies virus.
3. The students of a biological interest group did the experiment of "Exploring the environmental conditions of corn seed germination": put the same amount of cotton in four beakers, namely, A, B, C and D, and then put the same number (1 full corn seeds) on them and cultivate them under different conditions. After a few days, the germination situation was recorded as follows:
The experimental results of the environment where the seeds were placed
A dry cotton, B wet cotton with seeds not germinated in a dark cupboard at 25℃, C wet cotton with seeds germinated in a dark cupboard at 25℃, and C wet cotton with seeds not germinated in a dark freezer (4℃) in a refrigerator
Ding cotton and seeds were completely immersed in water. Seeds do not germinate in a dark cupboard at 25℃
E seeds germinate
(1) According to this experiment, the device and device B verified that proper moisture is one of the external conditions for seed germination.
(2) When maize seeds germinate, the nutrients needed for embryo development come from maize seeds, and the nutrients needed for maize plant growth after germination come from root absorption and leaf photosynthesis.
(3) If you want to explore "whether light affects the germination of corn seeds" and add device E, please add the experimental conditions in the table above.
4. The following table is Mr. Zhang's routine blood test list. Please answer according to the information presented in the table:
the item normal range reference value unit result item normal range reference value unit result
red blood cells 3.5 ~ 5× 112/L 2.8 platelets 1 ~ 3× 19/L 22
hemoglobin 11 ~ 15. The disease will be reduced, thus affecting various physiological activities of the body. The doctor suggested that Mr. Zhang should eat more food containing protein and rich food.
8-year-old senior high school entrance examination biological sample questions
Reference answers
1. Multiple choice questions (each question has only one best answer, 3 x 2 = 6 points)
Question number 1 2 3 4 5 6.