[Edit this paragraph] Morphological characteristics Cashew nut scientific name Cashew nut is also called chicken cashew nut, the first fruit, belonging to Rhus of Lacqueraceae, which is not tolerant to low temperature, with an annual average temperature of 24 ~ 28℃ and a monthly average temperature of 23 ~ 29℃. Hi-light, the most suitable annual sunshine hours are 1500 ~ 2000 hours. Annual rainfall 1000 ~ 1600 mm is suitable for neutral or even slightly acidic soil, but well-ventilated soil is the first choice for root growth. Low-lying land, swamp, alkaline soil, soil with high salt content and poor drainage are not suitable for planting, and other tropical soils can be planted. The seeds or nuts of cashew nuts (for example, cashews used as trees and chickens) of Uraceae are edible. The tree is an evergreen shrub or arbor, and its height can reach12m (40ft). Nuts are mainly harvested, and wood is also used to make crates, burn charcoal or build ships. Chewing gum is similar to gum Arabic in use. This species is related to poison ivy and poison cashew, so people who are sensitive to it should be careful when handling it. Nuts are shaped like thick beans, sometimes more than 25 mm (65,438+0 inches) long, and have a strange shape, as if they were pressed into the stem of a pear-shaped swollen stem. Fruit stalks are about three times larger than nuts, slightly red or yellow, and are used locally as drinks, jams and jellies. Nuts have two skins (or shells), which are thin, slightly elastic, firm, smooth as glass, olive green before maturity and strawberry red after maturity; The inner shell is as hard as other nuts. Brown oil between shells can cause water sores when it comes into contact with skin. It can be used as lubricating oil, insecticide and plastic products. Nuts have a strong and unique flavor and are used as special condiments for chickens and vegetables in southern India. Fruit is picked by hand, and nuts are peeled and dried. In some areas, dried nuts are barbecued on firewood, and oil flows out after the shell is cracked (oil burns quickly, and its smoke is harmful to eyes and skin). Some improved methods are to exclude toxic components from the dryer, then break the inner shell and take out the nuts separated from the endocarp by heating. Cashew nuts are native to Central and South America. They were introduced to East Africa and India by Portuguese missionaries in the15th century, where there were abundant coastal low-altitude areas. [Edit this paragraph] Geographical distribution originated in northeastern Brazil. /kloc-was introduced to Asia and Africa in the 6th century, and now it is distributed in dozens of countries and regions within 20 degrees north and south latitude. The most cultivated countries are Mozambique, Tanzania, India, Brazil, and China, Hainan and Yunnan. [Edit this paragraph] Various values of cashew nuts Economic value Cashew nuts 1 Yaoguoshu is a fruit tree with high economic value. The fruit stalk is sweet and sour, edible and can also be used for wine making. Nuts have high nutritional value and are rich in protein, fat and carbohydrates. They are sweet and delicious, and can be fried, pickled or made into candied fruit. If it's easy, you can fry it on the fire. The fried nuts are crispy and delicious. "Fake fruit" is also rich in fruit juice and vitamin C, which can be eaten raw as fruit or used to make jam. Cashews are rich in fruit juice and can be drunk directly. They are a cool and refreshing drink. It can also be used for fermentation or wine making, and is widely used as a blood cleanser for diabetic patients in medicine. The oil content of nuts is as high as 40%, which is a high-grade edible oil. An aromatic oil can be extracted from the fruit shell, which can be used in pharmacy, refining high-grade lubricant or synthetic rubber. The oil extracted from the shell can also be used to make adhesives such as insulating paint, waterproof paper and cardboard. The milky juice overflowed from the bark can be made into paint, which can be applied to wood or ships to prevent corrosion and termites. The wood of cashew trees is the best material for making furniture. The leaves and roots of the medicinal tree can be used to make medicinal tea. It can be said that the waist fruit tree is full of treasures. [1] Nuts with nutritional value are rich in nutrition, and are mostly used to make cashew chocolate, snacks and fried salty food. In addition, cashew kernel can extract oil, cashew kernel oil is superior edible oil, and oil cake is excellent feed. By-products include shell liquid and pears. Shell liquid is a kind of drying oil, which can be used to make high-grade paint, color film colorant, synthetic rubber and so on. Pear is soft and juicy, and can be used as fruit, wine, juice, jelly, jam, preserves, pickles, etc. Cashew kernel is a precious dried fruit and high-grade dish. The protein content is 265,438+0%, the oil content is 40%, and the multi-vitamins content is high. In international trade, every ton of cashew kernel is worth more than 5,000 US dollars, and it is worthy of being one of the "four big nuts" (walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts) in the world. The oil content of cashew nut shell reaches 1 1%, and cashew nut oil can be polymerized to produce synthetic rubber. Painting furniture with cashew nut oil can resist high temperature. It is reported that the American space shuttle uses scientifically processed cashew nut oil as the protective coating of the fuselage. Cashew nuts are high in calories, and the main source of calories is fat, followed by carbohydrates and protein. The fatty acids of cashew nuts are mainly unsaturated fatty acids, of which oleic acid accounts for 90% of unsaturated fatty acids and linoleic acid only accounts for 10%. Therefore, compared with other nuts rich in linoleic acid, cashew nuts are not easy to rancidity. The protein content of cashew nuts is twice that of common cereal crops, and the amino acids in cashew nuts are complementary to those in cereals.