Also known as crab claw orchid

Name: Crab Claw Orchid

Pinyin: xiè? zhǎo？ orchid

ㄒㄧㄝˋ Athena Chu? ㄓㄨㄚˇ? ㄌㄢˊ

Alias: Crab Claw Orchid

English name: Schlumbergera

Category: epiphytic class

Last name: cactus? crab claw

morphological character

Plants often droop, tender green, red new stems, round main stems, easy to lignify, with many branches and nodes. There are bristles on the thorn base, and flowers are born on the thorn base at the top of the stem node. Common cultivated varieties are scarlet, pink, apricot yellow and pure white. Because the diameter of the joint looks like the auxiliary claw of a crab, it is named crab claw orchid.

Ecological habit

I like warm, humid and semi-cloudy environment. Not cold-tolerant, afraid of hot sun exposure. Suitable for fertile humus soil and peat soil, and afraid of raw coal soil and coal ash. Winter temperature is not lower than 10℃

preference temperature

The optimum temperature of crab claw lotus is 15℃-25℃. When the temperature exceeds 28℃ in summer, the plants will enter a dormant or semi-dormant state. The suitable room temperature in winter is 15℃- 18℃, and the temperature is lower than 15℃, that is, it is possible to drop buds.

Distribution of origin

Originally from Brazil, it has been planted and sold all over China.

Breeding and cultivation

Commonly used cutting and grafting propagation. Crab claw orchid is more suitable for grafting propagation. Cutting can be carried out all year round, preferably in spring and autumn, or in winter if the temperature is suitable, but plastic film should be added for insulation. Cut off 1-2 hypertrophy and abnormal stem segments, put the cut stem segments to be grafted under ventilated conditions 1 to 2 days, and then insert them into sterilized sand bed (river sand), with the burying temperature not too high, and take root after three weeks of insertion. Grafting should choose cactus with cold tolerance and vigorous growth, and use ruler or tiger thorn as rootstock, among which? Crab claw orchid grafted with 2-year-old tall and thick cactus grows healthily. May-June and September-10 is the best. The scion selects two sections from the thick, hypertrophy and abnormal stems, and the lower end is cut into duckbill shape. By grafting, each rootstock can graft three scions. After grafting, put it in the shade. If the scion remains fresh and straight 10 days after grafting, it has healed and survived. Generally, 3-4 scions can be grafted on cactus with a height of more than 20 cm at the same time. There is 1 grain at the top and 1 grain at about 5 cm below. You can choose varieties with similar florescence and different colors to receive L pieces, or you can choose varieties with far florescence (or fairy fingers) to receive L pieces. L movies.

The new branches after propagation should be kept in a cool and ventilated place in summer. The temperature is too high, the air is dry, the stem node grows badly, and sometimes the stem node shrinks and dies. Fertilize 1 time every half a month during the growth period, and water once a month, and thoroughly water it. If the environment is dry, you can wet the stems and leaves with a watering can every morning. Apply 1-2 times phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in autumn. When new branches are grafted that year, 20-30 flowers can blossom. After 2-3 years of cultivation, one plant can produce hundreds of flowers.

Choose soil from the basin? Sandy loam is the best cultivated soil. It's better to mix mountain mud, humus soil and vegetable garden soil in equal amount (or add 10% river sand), add a proper amount of fermented organic fertilizer, bone meal or calcium superphosphate as base fertilizer, and add a small amount of plant ash, which is easier? The PH value is neutral. When placing the basin, first put the broken tiles with the height of 1/5- 1/4 or the hard plastic foam cut into 1-2 cubic centimeters on the bottom of the basin, and then put them into the culture personnel. Clever application of water and fertilizer? Crab claw orchid has two vigorous periods and two semi-dormant periods every year, so it must be watered and fertilized according to this growth law. In spring, the temperature rises to about 19 degrees, and the crab claw orchid enters its first vigorous period. Water should be changed from once every half month and once a week to once every 3-5 days. It is better for potters to get wet when they see it dry. At the same time, apply total nutrient compound fertilizer with nitrogen as the main component every 10 day, and apply thin fertilizer frequently. In midsummer, when the temperature reaches above 30 degrees, plants are in a semi-dormant state. Stop fertilizing and water less, and the soil in the basin is dry and wet, mainly dry. Autumn enters the second prosperous period. This period is dominated by reproductive growth, with a little more water, and the basin soil is dry and wet, preferably slightly wet. But it should be dried in the first half of 5438+ 10 to facilitate pregnancy. It is still slightly wet after budding. From beginning of autumn to flowering, we can talk about intensive application of phosphorus-based compound fertilizer every 10 day. After budding, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be sprayed on the leaves to make the flowers big and colorful. In winter, stop fertilizing and water less. After flowering, apply a liquid fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen to supplement the consumption at flowering stage. After that, no fertilizer was applied for a period of time, and water was used once a half a day 10, mainly dry. In addition, because the crab claw orchid likes humidity, it is better to spray water on the stems and leaves frequently in the peak season or semi-dormancy period, so that the stems are slightly wet and do not flow downwards. Furthermore, in the first growing season, 0.2% urea and 1% vinegar can be added to the water and sprayed once a week. Add 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% vinegar in autumn. Because I like semi-shade, I must choose different placement positions in different seasons.

If you want it to open on National Day, you can move it into the darkroom at 4 pm every day or cover it with black cloth from the beginning of August, and see the light at 8 am the next day, and then transfer it to normal management after pregnancy, so that 10 can see the flowers. If you let it get pregnant naturally in the middle and late June of 10, and want to blossom ahead of time, you can move to a place above 20 degrees. 1 1 can blossom; If you want to postpone the flowering period, you can move it to 5-8 degrees to stop it growing. When you want it to bloom, you can move it to a place above 12 degrees to make it grow and bloom again. In addition to the above points, we should pay special attention to the maintenance in rainy season. At this time, if you plant it outdoors, you must put it in a well-ventilated, cool and rain-proof place, otherwise it will be rainy and humid, and the cactus will rot easily and hurt the crab claw orchid.

Garden use

Nodal stems are often hung because they are too long, so they are often made into chlorophytum for decoration. Crab claw orchid blooms at Christmas and New Year's Day, with drooping plants and bright and lovely colors. It is suitable for window sills, doorways and exhibition hall entrances. It is very lively and immediately fills the room with brightness. However, due to the way of feeding, part of the crab claw orchid was controlled to bloom in 10.

Application value

Horticultural use. No medicinal value.

other

Epiphytic succulents:

There are two kinds of epiphytes, which are easily confused with crab claw orchid: fairy finger and false epiphyllum. The latter two are often mistaken for crab claw orchids.

Crab claw orchid petals are round and full, and the petals are evenly spread when flowering, and the flower shape is round. The colors are mostly pure red, pink, light yellow and pure white. Nodal stems have sharp teeth at the edge and are green all over. Young leaves are purplish red and green in adulthood.

Illustration: /inc/2006_ 10_28.jpg

The petals of pseudoepiphyllum are thin and straight, and spread evenly around when flowering, which looks like an open umbrella. The colors are mostly pure red and pink. The edge of the node stem is crenate, green, the tender leaf stem is purplish red, gradually green in adulthood, and the edge is crimson.

Illustration: /view/2 1077.htm