millet

Setaria italica

Gramineae is panicum miliaceum of Setaria. Also known as millet, millet, dog tail millet. Ancient millet is the general term for millet, millet and other grains. Now, the ancient agricultural book we call millet is called Liang, and glutinous millet is called Shu. Oracle Bone Inscriptions's "valley" refers to millet. Later, people called it a thinner kind of sorghum millet, and northerners called it millet millet. There are many kinds of millet, about dozens, with many colors such as green, red, yellow, white and black, so there are many names.

China's ancient grain was also called Gu, Gu, Ba and Jiu Gu, but it was thought to be the best. In primitive society, China's grain varieties mainly include: millet, millet, rice, glutinous rice (soybean), barley, wheat, coix lachryma-jobi and so on. Millet and millet varieties are mainly planted in the north, and rice is mainly planted in the south. During the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, there were seven kinds of grain in China: millet, millet, rice, wheat, barley, millet and hemp. The main grain varieties are millet and millet. Until the Ming Dynasty, the grain varieties in China were roughly the same. In The Book of Songs Xiaoya, the order of crops is: millet, millet and rice. At that time, people were superstitious about nature, calling society the land god and millet the valley god, so they combined the two into one and called it the country. Therefore, the country has become synonymous with the country. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, with the appearance of iron farm tools and the development of irrigation, people were able to plant rice and millet with high requirements for water and soil. Although the variety of grain crops has not changed much, the crop structure has changed greatly. This change is characterized by the rising status of soybean, which is listed as the main food crop together with millet. This is a historic change in the history of agricultural development in China. From the Warring States Period to the Tang Dynasty, millet has been the main grain in northern China. Before the Western Zhou Dynasty, the main grain varieties in China were millet and millet, and other grain varieties were not dominant. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the concept of five grains began to appear, indicating that the grain crop varieties at that time had taken shape. The main grain varieties are: millet (millet, millet), millet (soybean), millet, rice, wheat, barley and hemp. The grain structure changed in Qin and Han dynasties, and the main grain varieties were millet, rice, wheat, barley, millet, sorghum and soybean. Dong Zhongshu in Han Dynasty suggested that Guanzhong generation should popularize wheat. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, wheat was ground into flour due to the popularity of stone mills, which also promoted the development of wheat production. The order of grain varieties in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties is: millet, millet, sorghum, soybean, adzuki bean, hemp, barley, wheat, rice and early rice. During the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the main grain varieties were arranged in the following order: rice, millet and wheat. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the double cropping system of rice and wheat was gradually formed, and double cropping rice was popularized. After the Ming Dynasty, rice was more developed, so there is a saying that "the lake is wide and ripe, and the world is full". At the same time, corn, sweet potatoes and potatoes were introduced from abroad, which enriched the grain varieties. At that time, the main grain varieties were: rice, wheat, millet, corn and beans.