First, the anti-cancer effect
The anticancer effect of edible fungi mainly comes from polysaccharides in edible fungi. Although these compounds have no direct killing effect on tumor cells, they can stimulate the formation of antibodies and improve and adjust the internal defense ability of the body. In addition, edible fungi can also reduce the incidence of tumors induced by certain substances and have synergistic effects on a variety of chemotherapy drugs.
Chihara et al. (1969) first discovered that the hot water extract of Lentinus edodes could resist the growth of S-180 sarcoma in mice, and then Lentinan was obtained from it, which not only resisted the growth of tumor, but also prevented the chemical and viral carcinogens from causing cancer.
Second, antibacterial virus
Cordyceps sinensis contains cordycepin, which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Tuberculosis, Pneumococcus, Melilotus, and Porcine Hemorrhagic Septicemia. It also has inhibitory effect on pathogenic fungi such as Microsporum gypsum, Microsporum wool and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
Antibiotics produced by Lentinus edodes can inhibit the growth of Tricholoma, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis.
There are four kinds of antibiotics (phenolic compounds) soluble in chloroform in the fermentation broth of Cladosporium bovis, which have obvious inhibitory effects on Gram-negative bacteria, fungi and viruses.
Third, cardiovascular system
① Lowering blood pressure: Agaricus bisporus contains a large amount of tyrosinase plum, while Rhizopus longus fermentation broth contains micromorphanone, and the tyrosine oxidase contained in Lentinus edodes has the effect of lowering blood pressure.
② Hypolipidemic: Lentinan separated from dried Lentinus edodes contains two components. It has obvious effect of lowering serum cholesterol, which is 10 times stronger than the well-known hypolipidemic drug Antonymine. Feeding Lentinus edodes to rats can reduce the plasma cholesterol content by 25%-28%.
③ Anti-thrombosis: Auricularia auricula contains a substance that prevents blood coagulation, and this active substance does not affect (14C) the synthesis of thromboxane from arachidonic acid. Auricularia auricula contains adenine nucleoside, which is a substance that destroys platelet aggregation and can inhibit thrombosis.
④ Anti-arrhythmia and cardiotonic effect: The extract of Ganoderma lucidum culture has obvious cardiotonic effect on isolated frog heart and heart inhibited by pentobarbital sodium. The ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum tincture or mycelium and water-soluble polysaccharide also have obvious cardiotonic effect. The water, ethanol and ether extracts of Poria cocos have cardiotonic and heart rate accelerating effects on isolated frog hearts.
Cordyceps sinensis can antagonize the arrhythmia caused by barium chloride and aconitine in rats, and can also antagonize the arrhythmia caused by excessive ouabain, prolong the incubation period and shorten the duration of arrhythmia.
Fourth, strengthen the stomach and help digestion
Hericium erinaceus has a good therapeutic effect on dyspepsia, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis, and also has a certain curative effect on gastric cancer and esophageal cancer.
Morchella has the effects of invigorating stomach and spleen, helping digestion, regulating qi and resolving phlegm, and is used to treat diseases such as weakness of spleen and stomach, dyspepsia, excessive phlegm and shortness of breath. Hairy devil entity is helpful for digestion and treatment of hemorrhoids.
Fifth, relieving cough and asthma
Cordyceps sinensis can obviously dilate bronchi and enhance the effect of adrenaline on dilating bronchial smooth muscle, but it has no antagonistic effect on tracheal smooth muscle contraction caused by histamine. According to Japanese reports, Ganoderma lucidum has antiallergic effect and is effective for allergic asthma.
Auricularia auricula has the functions of resolving phlegm, relieving cough, relieving asthma, regulating qi and calming liver yang, and is used by the people to treat cough and tracheitis in the elderly. The effective rate of tremella syrup in the treatment of chronic tracheitis is about 85%, accounting for 47%, and it has certain antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic effects.
Sixth, cholagogic and liver protection
Armillaria luminous, also known as Armillaria, was pioneered in China, and it contains coumarins of Armillaria A, which is an effective component for the treatment of biliary tract infection. Armillaria pseudomellea is effective in treating cholecystitis, acute or chronic hepatitis and persistent chronic hepatitis.
Coriolus versicolor, tree tongue and Agaricus bisporus all have the function of protecting liver. Russulavirescens has the functions of improving eyesight, purging liver fire and dispersing internal heat. Cordyceps sinensis has preventive and therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats.
Seven, lowering blood sugar
Both Ganoderma lucidum and Poria cocos have hypoglycemic effects. Polysaccharides B and C extracted from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum and some heteropolysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum have hypoglycemic effects. Tremella polysaccharide and tremella spores have obvious preventive effects on alloxan diabetes in mice. It also has certain hypoglycemic effect on normal mice, alloxan hyperglycemia mice and Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide.
Eight, laxative diuretic
Boletus simulans has the effect of purging bowels. Polyporus sclerotium can promote diuresis and permeate dampness. The alcohol extract of Poria cocos sclerotium has diuretic effect, which is often used for diuresis and detumescence in clinic. The diuretic effect of Poria cocos is related to the reabsorption of NA by renal tubules. The effective component of Poria cocos for promoting sodium excretion is pachymic acid.
Nine, immune regulation
Ganoderma lucidum preparations (including ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides), tremella polysaccharide, tremella spore polysaccharide, lentinan, lentinan, Coriolus versicolor polysaccharide, carboxymethyl pachyman, polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide, Armillaria mellea polysaccharide, Cordyceps preparation, etc. can enhance the phagocytic function of mononuclear macrophages in mice, immunosuppressive mice or tumor-bearing mice, thus enhancing the function of mononuclear phagocyte system.
At the same time, these polysaccharides also enhance cellular immune function, humoral immune response and promote cytokine production. Delayed hypersensitivity is a classic method to detect the immune function of the body.
X. Other functions
Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum, Armillaria mellea, Cordyceps sinensis and Hericium erinaceus all have sedative effects and can treat neurasthenia. Auricularia auricula has the effects of benefiting qi and enriching blood, stopping bleeding, relieving pain and promoting blood circulation. Auricularia auricula has the effects of invigorating qi, strengthening body, promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding and relieving pain.
Extended data:
The health benefits of eating mushrooms;
1, mushroom has always been a star food in the weight loss industry, and mushroom will appear in many weight loss foods recommended by body managers. Mushroom has low calories, but it contains high nutrients, and it is easy to feel full after eating. These advantages make it an essential part of diet.
2. Some proteoglycans are unique functional components of edible fungi, and they have certain health care and medicinal value. For example, the active polysaccharide (FVP) contained in Flammulina velutipes is helpful for intellectual development and memory improvement. Immunomodulatory protein (PEP) contained in Pleurotus eryngii can play the role of antioxidation, anti-fatigue and immunomodulation.
3. Edible fungi are also rich in essential amino acids, minerals and multivitamins.
Baidu encyclopedia-edible fungi
People's Network-Mushrooms are not "travelers" who pass through the intestines. Edible mushrooms are good.