I was born in a small village just over 80 kilometers away from Chengdu. I grew up in the mountains. In my impression, we must drink realgar wine on Dragon Boat Festival there (realgar is soaked in wine bottles in the first year and can be used on Dragon Boat Festival in the second year), and children should put some realgar wine on their foreheads. At the same time, duck eggs should be cooked at home at noon that day. I remember when I was a child, we ate two every year because my family was in poor condition. Usually there is little chance to eat eggs. I liked this festival very much at that time, because I could eat not only duck eggs, but also zongzi. Although I have never seen my mother make zongzi since I was a child, my sister and I have never eaten less. Every year, we eat what my grandmother gave us.
I remember the year when my family just finished building the house, because all the savings in the family were used up and I still owed a lot of debts, my parents had to start by saving money. That year, my wife also went to menstruation's home for a holiday, and I certainly couldn't eat it. As a result, my neighbor's aunt specially sent some to our brother and sister. From then on, I never tire of eating zongzi and duck eggs. Even now, I like to eat these two kinds of food. When conditions are good, I have the ability to buy what I like to eat. That is, last year, a friend of mine in Suzhou got married and went to her house for the first time to really see zongzi, because they had a habit of eating zongzi there when they got married.
Another time, on my birthday, I was studying alone in other places. I really wanted to eat zongzi that day, so I went to the supermarket to buy some zongzi and duck eggs, and invited my classmates to eat together. They also laughed at me, saying that people with such birthdays were too sorry for themselves, and also said that I was stingy and didn't invite them to dinner. Today is my birthday, but I can't eat zongzi, although it's too delicious.
Student composition: Dragon Boat Festival when I was a child.
Dragon Boat Festival is a grand folk festival in China. Zongzi, tea eggs and wormwood are all features of the Dragon Boat Festival.
When I was a child, I was excited about the Dragon Boat Festival one week in advance, because I could eat delicious zongzi. At that time, life was monotonous and bitter, and I couldn't eat anything at all. Speaking of zongzi, it is not only delicious, but also interesting in the process of making zongzi. Every year when the Dragon Boat Festival arrives, my mother goes to cook a pot of glutinous rice the first night, and I wrap it with my mother the next morning. The green leaves of zongzi are wrapped with glutinous rice and jujube, and then boiled in a large pot for 3 or 4 hours. After that, my mother soaked the zongzi in two prepared barrels, cooled it, carefully pushed aside the bamboo leaves and bit it on the white and tender glutinous rice, and the purple dates emerged.
On the eve of Dragon Boat Festival, every household sticks mugwort leaves collected on the mountain on the door, saying that it is to ward off evil spirits. Our children just follow the trend and don't understand the meaning.
On the morning of Dragon Boat Festival, my mother got up and wrapped colorful silk thread around our wrists and ankles, and will wear it all the time. It is said that we can drive away diseases and evil spirits. In fact, in my heart, these colorful silk threads are substitutes for those exquisite bracelets in my heart. Some people also spend some money to buy sachets for their children to carry with them. My mother made it herself with a small piece of cloth, which was stuffed with cotton and herbs. Even so, we are very happy.
Memories of childhood holidays are happy, and the festive atmosphere is stronger than now.
Composition commemorating Qu Yuan on Dragon Boat Festival
During the Warring States period, Chu and Qin fought for hegemony, and the poet Qu Yuan was listed as the right doctor, which was highly valued by the King of Chu. Later, Qu Yuan's ideas were opposed by the old school headed by the above officials, doctors and Shanxi merchants. They constantly vilified Qu Yuan in front of Chu Huaiwang, and Chu Huaiwang gradually alienated Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan, who has lofty aspirations, is deeply saddened. With uncontrollable sadness and indignation, he wrote immortal poems such as Li Sao and Tianxiang.
In 229 years before Wu Gong, Qin captured eight cities in Chu, and then sent envoys to invite Chu Huaiwang to make peace with Qin. Qu yuan saw through the plot of the king of Qin and risked his life to enter the palace to state his interests. Chu Huaiwang did not listen, but expelled Qu Yuan from the capital. Chu Huaiwang attended the meeting as scheduled and was imprisoned as soon as he arrived in Qin. Chu Huaiwang was filled with remorse and died in the state of Qin three years later. Shortly after King Xiang of Chu ascended the throne, the King of Qin sent troops to attack Chu. Xiang Wang withdrew hastily and captured the capital. On the way to exile, Qu Yuan heard the bad news of his sudden death and the attack on Ying, and he lost all hope. He sighed and jumped into the surging Guluo River. The fishermen on the river and the people on the shore heard that Dr. Qu Yuan had jumped into the river, and they all came to the river to salvage Qu Yuan's body, and at the same time brought zongzi and eggs into the river. Some practitioners also pour realgar wine into the river, so that the medicine can calm the dragon and the water beast and prevent Dr. Qu Yuan from being hurt.
From then on, every year on the martyrdom day when Quyuan threw himself into the river in early May, the people of Chu went to the river to row dragon boats and throw zongzi in memory of this great patriotic poet, and the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival was thus handed down.
Dragon Boat Festival, also called Dragon Boat Festival, is one of the biggest traditional festivals in China. "Duan" means the same as "Chu", and calling "Duan Wu" is just like calling "the fifth day"; The word "five" in the Dragon Boat Festival is also connected with "noon". According to the order of earthly branches, May is "noon" month. Because noon is the "sun", the Dragon Boat Festival is also called "Duanyang". On May 5th, both the month and the day are five, so calling five is also called noon. In addition, there are many nicknames for the Dragon Boat Festival, such as: Summer Festival, Magnolia Festival, Daughter's Day, Tianzhong Festival, Dila Festival, Poet's Day and so on. Many nicknames of the Dragon Boat Festival indirectly explain the differences in the origin of the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival. That's what happened. There are at least four or five theories about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, such as: in memory of Qu Yuan; Wuyue's national totem sacrifice theory: From the three generations of summer solstice festival; Evil month and evil day drive away, and so on.
So far, the most influential view on the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Qu Yuan. In the field of folk culture, China people associate dragon boat racing and eating zongzi with Qu Yuan. It is said that after Qu Yuan jumped into the river, the local people injured him and died, so they set sail to save him because of the custom of horse racing. He also said that people often put food into the water to offer sacrifices to Qu Yuan, but most of the food was eaten by dragons. Later, due to Qu Yuan's suggestion, they wrapped rice in neem leaves, wrapped it in colored silk, and later made it look like zongzi.
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month, commonly known as "Dragon Boat Festival". "Five" is connected with "noon", and "five" is also a positive number, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also called Dragon Boat Festival, Chongwu, Duanyang and Zhongtian. This is a traditional festival of Han nationality in China. The necessary activities of this day gradually evolved into: eating zongzi, dragon boat racing, hanging calamus and mugwort leaves, smoking Atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica, and drinking realgar wine. It is said that eating zongzi and dragon boat racing is to commemorate Qu Yuan, so after liberation, the Dragon Boat Festival was named "Poet's Day" to commemorate Qu Yuan. As for hanging calamus, wormwood leaves, smoked atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica, drinking realgar wine is said to suppress evil spirits. Although the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated every year, its origin is not very clear. To sum up, there are roughly the following statements.
First, in memory of Qu Yuan. This theory originated from the records of Wu Jun's "Continuation of Qi and Harmony" in the Southern Liang Dynasty and "Time of Jingchu" in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. It is said that Qu Yuan threw himself into the river on the fifth day of May, and was trapped by mosquitoes and dragons after his death.
Sadly, on this day, five-color silk zongzi are thrown into the water to drive away dragons. It is also said that after Qu Yuan threw himself into the river, the local people immediately rowed to rescue him, and all the way to Dongting Lake, but Qu Yuan's body was not found. It was raining at that time, and the boats on the lake gathered at the pavilion on the shore. When people learned that it was to salvage the sage Dr. Qu, they went out in the rain and rushed into the vast Dongting Lake. In order to mourn, people rowed on rivers, and later it gradually developed into a dragon boat race. Eating zongzi and racing dragon boats on the Dragon Boat Festival seems to be related to commemorating Qu Yuan, as evidenced by Wen Xiu's poem "Dragon Boat Festival" in the Tang Dynasty: "The festival is divided into Dragon Boat Festival, and it is rumored that it is Qu Yuan. It is ridiculous that the Chu River is empty and cannot be washed directly. "
Second, Ying Tao said. This sentence comes from Cao E tablet in the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn Period, after the death of Wu Zixu, a loyal minister of the State of Wu, he became Shen Tao, and the world mourned and sacrificed, so there was the Dragon Boat Festival.
Third, the Dragon Boat Festival said. This statement comes from Wen Yiduo's Dragon Boat Festival Examination and Dragon Boat Festival History Education. He believed that the fifth day of May was the day when the "Dragon" tribe in ancient wuyue held totem worship for their ancestors. The main reasons are as follows: (1) Eating zongzi and dragon boat racing are the two most important activities of the Dragon Boat Festival, both of which are related to dragons. Zongzi thrown into the water is often stolen by dragons, and dragon boat races. (2) The relationship between race crossing and ancient wuyue is particularly deep. Besides, Wuyue people have the custom of tattooing constantly to look like a dragon. (3) The ancient folk custom of "tying the arm with colored silk" on the fifth day of May should be a relic of the tattoo custom of "Like a dragon".
Fourth, the theory of evil day. According to Historical Records, Tian Wensheng of Meng Changjun was born on the fifth day of May. His father once told his mother to abandon Tian Wen on the grounds that the child born on this day would kill his father. There is also a saying in "Yi Tong Customs" in the Eastern Han Dynasty that "a child is born on May 5th, and the male harms the father and the female harms the mother". Wang Zhene, a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was born on the fifth day of May. His grandfather named him "Zhen Xie". Zhao Ju, from Song Huizong, was born on the fifth day of May, and was fostered outside the palace since childhood. It can be seen that it is a common phenomenon to regard the fifth day of May as an evil day in ancient times. In this way, it is logical to insert calamus and mugwort leaves to exorcise ghosts, smoke atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica and drink realgar wine to avoid the epidemic on this day.
Fifth, the summer mentioned on the solstice. Liu Deqian, who holds this view, put forward three main reasons in The Origin of Dragon Boat Festival and Interesting Talk about Traditional Festivals in China: (1) The authoritative book The Story of the Years of Jingchu did not mention the festival custom of eating zongzi on the fifth day of May, but was written on the solstice festival in summer. As for the race, Du Taiqing's Jade Candle Collection in Sui Dynasty listed it as an entertainment activity from summer to the sun, which shows that it is not necessarily to salvage Qu Yuan, a great poet who threw himself into the river. (2) Some contents in the custom of Dragon Boat Festival, such as "stepping on a hundred herbs", "fighting a hundred herbs" and "picking herbs", have nothing to do with Qu Yuan. (3) The first explanation of the Dragon Boat Festival in the famous book Year after Year is: "The sun is shining and it is in midsummer." In other words, Dragon Boat Festival is in summer, so it can also be called Mid-Autumn Festival. From this point of view, the earliest origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is the summer solstice.
There are many theories, and the theory of commemorating Qu Yuan has the widest influence. Because of Qu Yuan's great personality and superb poetic skills, people are willing to attribute this anniversary to him.
Introduction of Dragon Boat Festival
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanyang Festival, Noon Festival, May Festival, Ai Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Chung Noon Festival, Noon Festival and Summer Festival. Although the names are different, the customs of people everywhere are the same. Dragon Boat Festival is an old custom in China for more than two thousand years. On this day, every household hangs clocks and statues, hangs mugwort leaves and calamus, races dragon boats, eats zongzi, drinks realgar wine, swims all diseases, wears sachets and prepares sacrifices.
Wall clock: Zhong Kui catches ghosts, which is the custom of Dragon Boat Festival. In the Jianghuai area, bells and statues are hung in every household to ward off evil spirits. Emperor Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty returned to the palace after giving a lecture in Lishan, and malaria was rampant. He dreamed that two ghosts, one big and one small, were running around the temple wearing red crotch pants and stealing Yang Guifei's sachet and the jade emperor of the Ming Dynasty. GREAT GHOST, wearing a blue robe and a blue hat, caught the child, gouged out his eyes and swallowed it in one gulp. When asked by the Ming emperor, GREAT GHOST said: My surname is Zhong Kui, that is to say, I am the best martial artist. I am willing to exorcise evil spirits for your majesty. When the Ming emperor woke up, malaria was cured. So I asked Wu Daozi, the painter, to draw a portrait of Zhong Kui catching ghosts according to what I saw in my dream, and ordered all the people to post it on the Dragon Boat Festival to exorcise evil spirits.
Folium Artemisiae Argyi hangs calamus: On the Dragon Boat Festival, every household makes calamus, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, pomegranate flower, garlic and dragon boat flower into human figures, which are called Ai people. Hanging mugwort leaves in the hall, cutting them into tiger shapes or ribbons, and sticking mugwort leaves on them, women compete to wear them to ward off evil spirits. Using calamus as a sword and inserting it on the lintel has the magical effect of exorcising ghosts.
Dragon Boat Race: At that time, Chu people were reluctant to part with the death of the sage Qu Yuan, so many people rowed and chased to save people. They rushed to catch up, but when they arrived at Dongting Lake, there was no trace, because that was the origin of dragon boat racing, and then they rowed dragon boats on May 5 every year to commemorate it. Rowing a dragon boat to disperse the fish in the river so as not to eat Qu Yuan's body. The habit of competition prevailed in wuyue and Chu. Dragon Boat Race started in Taiwan Province Province in the 29th year of Qing Qianlong. At that time, Jiang, the chief executive of Taiwan Province Province, held a friendly match in Hexi Half Moon Pool in Tainan City. Now, Taiwan Province Province holds a dragon boat race on May 5th every year. There are boat races in Hong Kong. Recently, the British have followed China's example by organizing ghost teams and holding competitions.
Eating zongzi: People in Jingchu boiled glutinous rice or steamed zongzi cakes and threw them into the river to offer sacrifices to Qu Yuan on May 5th, so they threw the glutinous rice in bamboo tubes for fear of being eaten by fish. Later, they gradually replaced the bamboo tube with rice wrapped in zongzi leaves.
Drinking realgar wine: This custom is very popular among people in the Yangtze River valley.
Wandering all diseases: This custom prevails in the Dragon Boat Festival custom in Guizhou.
Wearing sachets: Children wear sachets during the Dragon Boat Festival, which not only means to ward off evil spirits and drive away epidemics, but also has decorative styles on the front. The sachet contains cinnabar, realgar and fragrant medicine, wrapped in silk cloth, and the fragrance is overflowing, and then tied into a rope with five-color silk thread to make a string of different shapes, exquisite and eye-catching