The plant of watercress is about 30 cm high, and the creeping or semi-creeping stems are round, solid when young, hollow when old, turquoise and knotted; Branching and fibrous roots can occur in each node, and fibrous roots will elongate and grow in wet environment. Leaves alternate, one leaf per node, odd pinnate compound leaves, 1 ~ 4 pairs of lobules, oval or nearly round, with large apical lobules in dark green, which will turn into deep purple at low temperature. Racemes, small flowers, bisexual flowers, white corollas. Pods contain 30-40 seeds, which are small, oblate and yellowish brown. Each thousand seeds weigh about 0.25g, and each liter weighs about 580g. Germination can last for 5 years.
morphological character
Perennial aquatic plants. The whole plant is hairless and multi-branched. The stem is 20 ~ 40 cm high, hollow, soaked, creeping, rooting step by step and multi-branched. Odd pinnate compound leaves alternate; 3 ~ 7 leaflets, dark green, pinnately parted, ovoid or broadly ovoid, about 6 cm long, large apical lobe, small lateral lobe, oblong, few wavy teeth or entire, long stalk. Racemes terminal, sepals oblong; The petals are white. Silique is cylindrical, flat and has a short beak. Seeds are numerous, two rows, ovoid and maroon. The flowering and fruiting period is from March to August.