Second, sowing and seedling raising
The cultivation of sun-dried pepper is extensive, and the seedling emergence is later than that of green pepper, and the seedling age is about 30 days. When sowing, the seeds can be soaked to accelerate germination. The method is to soak in clean oil-free water 15 hours before sowing.
Seedbed sowing is strict: as the saying goes, seedlings are half good, but this variety often grows weakly at seedling stage. If it is not strengthened, it will damage the seedlings and cause fewer seedlings, which should be paid great attention to: using fertile sunny plots as seedbeds; When clay is sown, the emergence rate is affected, so it is best to spread nutrient soil on the seedbed; To cultivate strong seedlings by sparse sowing, 8 ~ 65438+1100m2 seedbed is needed per mu of field; The seedbed should have enough humidity and nutrients. Before sowing, it is better to water or decompose human and animal manure with 100 m2 of 200~300kg water fertilizer and 1-2 kg compound fertilizer. Pay attention to disinfection, and use fungicides such as clotrimazole, thiophanate-methyl or plant ash to control Rhizoctonia solani and gray mold. Cover the seeds with 1 ~ 1.5 cm thick nutritious, fine and non-sticky soil; Cover with sunshade net to moisturize and cool down.
Careful management at seedling stage, attention to temperature and humidity control, proper net uncovering and covering, proper topdressing and seedling raising, prevention of pests and diseases, protection of seedlings, timely weeding and seedling strengthening. Do not remove the net before the seeds emerge, and 70% of the seeds will be removed from the net after the seeds emerge; After emergence to 1 leaf, it is not allowed to open the arch net at both ends for ventilation, and it is not allowed to open the arch net in rainy days (properly open the net for ventilation for 2-3 hours at noon in long-term rainy days). Pay attention to uncovering the net for 2-3 hours around noon on sunny days so that the temperature in the net does not exceed 30 degrees Celsius, and pay attention to covering the net at night; Seedling hardening should be carried out step by step 10d (days) before planting, with multiple ends uncovered, during the day and at night. Generally, top dressing is not needed at seedling stage. If the seedbed soil is dry, 0.2% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be soaked with diluted human and animal feces. Watering and fertilization should avoid sunny and bright periods, and control pests and diseases in the morning and evening, mainly by sterilizing about 2 leaves and controlling aphids and mites when seedlings grow; Pull out weeds in time, and if possible, you can plant 3-4 leaves after them.
Third, close planting
The harvest period of sun-dried peppers is concentrated, and sowing is late. The key to increase yield is to increase density. Usually, hole sowing is used, with 3000 holes per mu and 2-3 plants per hole.
Plastic film should be used for transplanting in the field: film mulching should be used as border fertilizer, and a ditch with a depth of 1.3 ~ 1.5m should be opened first; Apply base fertilizer in the border again, that is, apply 65,438+0,500-4,000 kilograms of farm manure (quantifiable) and 2/3 of 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu; Then the soil piles on both sides are planted in the fertilizer ditch, and the remaining 1/3 compound fertilizer is sprinkled on the surface of the compartment; Mix the flour fertilizer and soil evenly with a hoe, cover with a film, and press the edge to fix the seedlings. Black film and two-color composite film are better mulching films; A new seedling fixing method: the specifications are adjusted to a box with two rows of single plants, with a distance of 17cm and a distance of about 30cm, and about 3000 plants are planted per mu. The suitable seedling age is 5~6 leaves, and the buds are guaranteed to set fruit on branches with 7~8 leaves after returning to seedlings. When planting seedlings, insert holes in the soil with bamboo sticks according to specifications, straighten the seedlings and put them into the holes, then naturally fill the holes with fine soil, and cover the film holes with fine soil after pouring half a ladle of root water. Remember, you don't have to mix the fine soil in the hole with it by hand.