Peanut is an important oil crop, there are many varieties, there are 540 kinds of documented, excellent varieties of 30 kinds of spot circulation, the general will be peanut proper for the large-grained peanuts and small-grained peanuts, large-grained peanuts to the Haihua Luhua Xuzhou 68-4, small-grained peanuts to the main small white sand. Generally can be distinguished according to the length of fertility, pod size, characteristic features and botanical sex to distinguish.

The fruit of the peanut is the pod, usually divided into large and medium-sized three kinds, the shape of the cocoon, bead-shaped and stick-shaped. The cocoon-shaped pods mostly have two seeds, and the bead-shaped and stick-shaped pods generally have more than three seeds. The color of the shell is mostly yellowish white, but also yellowish brown, brown or yellow, which is related to the variety of peanuts and soil quality. The seeds inside the peanut shell, commonly known as peanut rice or peanut kernels, consist of three parts: seed coat, cotyledon and embryo. The seed coat is light brown or light red in color. Inside the seed coat are two cotyledons, which are cream or ivory in color.

Detailed

1, according to the different length of fertility can be divided into:?

Early-ripening type peanut: the growing period is 120-130 days medium-ripening type peanut: the growing period is about 145 days?

Late-ripening type peanuts: the growing period of about 165 days?

2, according to the different sizes of pods can be divided into:?

Large peanuts: thick shells, large fruit, each hundred peanut kernels weighing more than 80 grams, the largest distribution area.?

Small peanut: small grain, thin shell, per 100 peanuts weighing about 50 grams, suitable for planting in the sand, mainly in Sichuan, Guangdong, Hunan, southwest Henan and so on.

Small and large peanuts are exported, but the size of the peanut export place is not the same, large peanut exports more than small peanuts.?

3, according to the characteristic features and botanical traits can be divided into:?

Ordinary type peanut: the kernel is mostly oval or long oval. Large and full, skin color pink or red, 100 kernels weighing about 80 grams, oil content of 52-54% of the type of peanut into a late maturity, the fertility period of 150-180 days, can only be made once a year.

Pearl-type peanuts: kernels are round or peach-shaped, large and full, pink skin color, 100 kernels weighing about 50-60 grams, pearl-type peanuts early maturity, the reproductive period of 120 days or so, can be adapted to the southern spring and fall areas of peanut planting.

Multigrain type peanut: pods are 3-4 kernels, kernels are mostly cylindrical or triangular, skin color deep red, smooth, glossy, shiny, 100 kernels weighing 30-75 grams, oil content of 52%. Multigrain type peanut drought tolerance is weak, early maturity is outstanding.?

Long-sheng type peanut: pods more than three kernels, kernels more triangular or conical, skin red or dark red, uneven surface, no luster, brown spots, 100 fruit weight of about 150 grams, water content of 48% of oil, long-sheng type peanut was once China's earliest planted peanuts.

Peanut health effects:

One is the consumption of peanuts can make the human liver cholesterol decomposition of bile acids, so that its excretion is enhanced, thereby reducing cholesterol.

The second is the peanut kernel red coat (peanut kernel skin) can inhibit the dissolution of fibrin, promote platelet neo-natal, strengthen the contraction function of capillaries, thrombocytopenia, tuberculosis, coughing up blood and bleeding from the urinary tract, and other diseases of the patient has the benefit.

Eating

Peanuts should not be eaten raw: peanuts contain more fat, the human body is slow to digest and absorb, a lot of raw food can cause indigestion. In addition, peanuts grow in the soil, often contaminated by parasite eggs, raw food is easy to cause parasitic disease. At the same time, peanuts are often contaminated by rodents, easy to spread natural epidemic diseases, especially epidemic hemorrhagic fever. Therefore, peanuts should not be eaten raw, it is best to cook and eat.

Boiled peanuts high nutrition: some people are used to eating fried peanut kernels or eaten after frying, which will make the peanut red coat containing glycerides and cetol ester components were destroyed in large quantities, so the peanut kernels are even red coat with the nutritional value of cooking and eating higher. In addition, peanuts are easily infected with aflatoxin, boiled, peanuts contaminated with aflatoxin can basically dissolve into the water, so eat safer.

Vinegar soaked peanuts "Tian Xian with": peanuts contain unsaturated fatty acids that the human body needs, but after all, the lipid content is high, calories, there is a greasy feeling. And vinegar in a variety of organic acids is just to relieve greasy and fragrant, so soak peanuts in vinegar for more than a week, eat 7-10 grains per night, even eat a week for a course of treatment, can reduce blood pressure, soften blood vessels, reduce the accumulation of cholesterol.