Second, the bagged mycelium has just grown full or will soon grow to the bottom of the bag (bottom of the bag 1? 2 cm), tie the lower part of the collar tightly with a plastic rope, then take off the collar and tie the pocket again. If the hole in the bacterial bag is obvious, you can also directly screw the remaining bag for half a turn and plug it into the inoculation hole.
3. Disinfect the surface of the bag with 0. 1% kemeiwang or potassium permanganate solution, and then cut the ear upside down. When cutting the mouth, leave 4 cm at the bottom (mouth) and 2 cm at the top. Use a blade or scalpel to cut the V-shaped mouth at an angle of 45? 60, the side length is 2 cm, the depth is 0.5 cm, and each bag is cut into 3 layers, each layer is 4? Five, zigzag arrangement, perpendicular to the bed surface.
Attention: ① The fungus bag must be transported to the ear-outlet bedside, and the mouth should be tied, cut and covered, so as to prevent the mycelium at the cut from air-drying to form an aging film and hinder the formation of primordia; (2) The incision should be close to the mouth of the bag, and it should not be separated, wrinkled or contaminated by miscellaneous bacteria in strong light, high temperature, strong wind and rainy days (the seriously polluted bag is picked up), so as to form primordia and no hyphae in the bag.
Fourth, put the bag and cut it. First, the key ear-urging: the fungus bags in the ear-urging bed are arranged with a spacing of 2? 3 cm, fully watered in advance, covered with sterile wet grass curtain (soaked with kemeiwang or 1000 times methyl thiophanate to control moisture) and plastic film (or small arch shed) to accelerate ear 7? 10 day, when the black base is sealed and secant, it is best to open the grass curtain to evacuate the ears in the morning light and light, when the ear buds on the serrated curve on the base differentiate; Spacing of fungus bags 10 cm can be set at 20? Every square meter. 25 bags.
Five, ear management (first ear)
(1) Proto-group formation period (7? 10 day): that is, the concentrated heading period. Keep the bed surface humidity at 80%, from nothing to coral black line formation? 90%, temperature 15? 25℃, at 18? 23℃ is best. Every 2? For three days in a row, when there is no wind in the morning and evening, lift the plastic film to shake off the accumulated water droplets, supplemented by temporary ventilation. As long as the temperature does not exceed 25℃, it is not necessary to ventilate every day.
(2) fruiting body differentiation stage (5? 7 days): that is, the ear bud stage. From coral primordium (ear) to 2? 3 cm (the size of apricot pit), the small ear piece began to protrude. Management is basically the same as the original base period. After bed separation, keep the bed surface and straw curtain moist. If the temperature is not enough, you can spray water on the grass curtain to make it moist and not dripping. Don't spray water directly on the fungus bag, because the young ear buds will swell and rupture the cells if they absorb too much water, which will lead to infection. When the bed temperature is lower than 18℃, cover with a film to raise the temperature; When the bed temperature exceeds 25℃, cover with a layer of grass curtain to cool and moisturize. When the original base length reaches 1? 1.5cm, increase the ventilation of 1 appropriately every time. Two hours, two hours apart? Once every three days. Both ends of the curtain can be rolled up in the morning and evening to enhance the ventilation at the bed side. The straw curtain is thick or even cloudy, and it can be opened for ventilation and light transmission in the morning and evening.
(3) fruiting body growth period (7? 10 day): from film opening to fruiting body maturation. During this period, ear buds grow rapidly, and after a few days, they grow into irregular wavy ear pieces, forming "cockscomb" and "chrysanthemum" ear clusters. During this period, keep the bed temperature at 15? 25℃ and 90% humidity? 100%。 With the development of Auricularia auricula, water spraying and ventilation should be gradually increased-high humidity and ventilation are the keys to the rapid growth of Auricularia auricula. In terms of water management, we should follow the law of "long dry hyphae and long wet ears" and adopt the management method of "dry, wet and wet": the humidity in the border is small during the day, and the water is sprayed in the evening and early morning to eliminate the humidity, so that the dry and wet alternate is beneficial to the normal growth of auricularia auricula. Open the straw curtain in the evening, spray it once and cover it; Spray water on the straw curtain the next morning. Spray more on sunny and hot days, and spray less on cloudy and cold days; When the bed temperature exceeds 26℃, the number of times of spraying water on the grass curtain should be increased to cool down.
6. Picking When the ear tag is completely unfolded, the edge is wrinkled, thin and soft, the color is faded, the ear root is atrophied, or white powder (spore powder) appears on the ventral surface of some ear tags, it should be harvested in time. Late harvest affects the yield and quality, and high temperature and humidity will also lead to spike flow.
Before heading 1? Stop spraying water for 2 days, remove the straw curtain, let the sun shine directly, let the ear pieces dry slightly, and then pick them when the morning dew is dry. It is best to harvest in sunny days to benefit your ears. When picking, one hand holds the fungus bag, the other hand inserts the finger into the ear root along the edge of the ear tag, pulls out the base, and cuts off the root with the culture medium with scissors. If there is sediment on the ear tag, clean it. Spread it on a dry mat (or sand net) and expose it to the sun. After 2 days, it can be dried, packed in plastic bags, moisture-proof and sealed to avoid light, and sold. Pay attention to store boxing ears, flowing ears, rotten ears and unopened black fungus in bags.
Seven, the second stubble spike management method If the cultivation management is good, you can use the third stubble spike. After picking a stubble, clean the ear bed and disinfect it with Kemeiwang. Dry the bed surface and straw curtain; Remove the ear roots from the fungus bag, dry it (avoid strong light at noon) 1 day, then cover it with a straw curtain and stop the water supply for 7? 10 culture bacteria. Then, irrigate the bed, disinfect the straw curtain ... according to the management of the first stubble and ear. 2, 3 stubble ears, because the ear is not as full as the first stubble, and the ear grows slowly, so it is necessary to reduce the number and amount of water spraying. When the growth of the ear tag is obviously stagnant, the grass curtain should be lifted, and the ear tag and the bed surface should be dried (to avoid strong light) and covered with the grass curtain. After 5 days, spray water again (pay attention to frequent spraying), and the lugs continue to grow. Pay attention to water thoroughly and dry thoroughly, otherwise it will affect the normal growth of auricularia auricula. Can also be combined with watering, topdressing mushroom rich element, triacontanol and other nutrient solutions.
In 2005, the price of auricularia auricula in Northeast China rose all the way, and the supply was gradually tight.
In Yanji, Mudanjiang, Yichun, Daxinganling and other forest areas that mainly produce auricularia auricula, the unified purchase price has risen from the low price of 40 yuan/kg in the previous two years to more than 60 yuan/kg at present.
The low price of auricularia auricula in previous years was mainly due to the fact that some auricularia auricula growers thought it might be the last time to plant auricularia auricula before the implementation of the "natural forest protection project" in previous years, so they planted three or four times more auricularia auricula segments than in previous years.
At that time, the total output of auricularia auricula (about 50 thousand tons of dry products) in China was about half of wood segments and half of substitute materials. Due to the doubling of wood segments, the total output of auricularia auricula in China has almost doubled, and the price has gone down.
The reasons for the increase in the price of auricularia auricula are as follows: First, after the implementation of the "natural forest protection project", the planting of wood segments was controlled, which was less than 20% in the past; Secondly, people's awareness of the health value of auricularia auricula has increased, which has doubled the consumption of auricularia auricula.
According to Yichun Rural Credit Network, recently, the price of "ground planted" auricularia auricula has exceeded the price of wood segment, which is the first time that the price of "ground planted" auricularia auricula has surpassed that of wood segment auricularia auricula, indicating that "ground planted" auricularia auricula has gradually been recognized by the market.
This will be a great impetus to the development of auricularia auricula cultivation industry in China.
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