Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor, and its prone age is just 50-60 years old, which is an important "gateway" for longevity, so it is a "roadblock" for human beings to enter 70 years old.
After subtotal or total gastrectomy, patients with gastric cancer should not only pay attention to nutritional supplement, but also adjust their food intake and types according to their own dietary tolerance and stomach capacity. In short, the diet should be nutritious and easy to digest.
Generally speaking, patients should follow the following principles:
1. Eat less and eat more.
Because only a small part of stomach is left after radical gastrectomy or jejunum is inserted after total gastrectomy, the eating ability is obviously reduced. Only by increasing the number of meals can we make up for the lack of food and meet the body's demand for nutrition.
Therefore, patients should develop good eating habits, eat regularly and quantitatively, and insist on eating less and more meals, preferably 5-6 meals a day. Staple food and side dishes should be soft and easy to digest. Never overeat.
Eat more fish
At the beginning of the operation, we should eat in the order of water, clean, liquid, semi-liquid, soft and general food. Eat rice soup, egg soup, vegetable soup and lotus root powder, and avoid foods that induce flatulence. Semi-liquid diet should choose high protein, high calorie, high vitamin, low fat, fresh and digestible food.
The best source of animal protein is fish, because fish is not only rich in protein, but also has similar amino acid composition and proportion to human body. The utilization rate of fish protein can reach 96%, and fish fat contains high unsaturated fatty acids, which are easily digested and absorbed by human body. Therefore, we encourage people to eat more fish such as yellow croaker and crucian carp.
After entering the ordinary diet, we should eat more high-fiber foods such as vegetables and fruits to keep the stool unobstructed and promote the excretion of toxins.
Eat less sweets.
① Excessive sugar intake can easily lead to hyperosmotic dumping syndrome (discomfort after a meal after gastrectomy). Therefore, sugar should be properly controlled, and the energy supply of sugar should account for 50-60% of the total calories. To avoid eating too sweet food, we should give priority to starchy food.
② The energy supply of fat should not exceed 35% of the total energy. Avoid eating animal meat fat and choose fats that are easy to digest and absorb, such as vegetable oil, cream, egg yolk, etc. If a few patients have fatty dysentery after operation (refers to pulling out a lot of fat particles during diarrhea), they should reduce their fat intake.
③ A high-protein diet should be supplemented, and fish, eggs, shrimp, lean meat, bean products and other easily digestible foods with complete types of essential amino acids should be selected. The energy provided by protein accounts for 65,438+05-20% of the total energy. For example, a person weighing 70kg can consume 70- 140g protein every day.
Chew slowly
The grinding function of the stomach is lacking after operation, and the chewing function of the teeth should play a greater role. For rough and indigestible food, you should chew slowly. If you want to drink soup or water, you should pay attention to the separation of dry and wet, and try to drink soup 30 minutes before or after meals to prevent food from being discharged too fast and affecting digestion and absorption.
Rest on your side after meals to prolong the emptying time of food and make it fully digested and absorbed.
The patient's diet will be restricted after the operation. The most important thing is not to panic too much. On the basis of understanding your physical changes, keep cheerful and enjoy the fun brought by food.
Prevention of anemia
Appropriate selection of animal liver, fresh vegetables, etc. In order to improve the acquisition of various vitamins and minerals. It should be noted that after gastric cancer surgery, patients are prone to iron deficiency anemia, and foods rich in protein and iron, such as lean meat, fish, shrimp, animal blood, animal liver, egg yolk, bean products, jujube, green leafy vegetables and sesame sauce, can be properly eaten to prevent anemia.
6. Food taboos
① Eat raw, cold, overheated and hard food.
Avoid spicy and pungent condiments, such as pepper and mustard.
(3) It is forbidden to drink strong liquor, strong tea and other stimulating foods.
4 Avoid greasy and coarse foods, such as fried chicken, fried dough sticks and other fried foods.
⑤ Coarse grains, dried beans, hard fruits and vegetables with high crude fiber content (bamboo shoots, celery, etc.). ), spicy food (such as radish, garlic sprout, sweet potato, etc. ) you shouldn't eat it.
These foods are not completely inedible, just need to consider the quantity of these foods and personal affordability.
The above points are the basic principles of postoperative dietary adjustment for patients with gastric cancer, and other aspects need not be too taboo.
After the patient is discharged from the hospital, dinner can be resumed with his family. Generally, the amount he eats is mainly based on his own feelings. If he has symptoms such as fullness, bloating, diarrhea, dizziness and palpitation, he should stop eating to prevent complications.
If you are satisfied with the above answer, please don't disappoint my kindness and adopt it as an answer in time.