Flies and spaceships

The annoying flies seem to have nothing to do with the grand aerospace industry, but bionics has closely linked them.

Flies are notorious as "stinky hunters", and they can be found in any smelly and dirty place. Flies have a particularly sensitive sense of smell and can detect odors thousands of meters away. But a fly does not have a "nose", so how does it rely on its sense of smell? It turns out that the fly's "nose" - olfactory receptors are distributed on a pair of antennae on the head.

Each "nose" has only one "nostril" connected to the outside world, which contains hundreds of olfactory nerve cells. If an odor enters the "nostrils", these nerves immediately convert the odor stimulation into nerve electrical impulses and send them to the brain. The brain can distinguish different odor substances based on the differences in the nerve electrical impulses generated by different odor substances. Therefore, the fly's antennae act like a sensitive gas analyzer.

Bionics scientists were inspired by this and successfully copied a very peculiar small gas analyzer based on the structure and function of the fly's olfactory organ. The "probe" of this instrument is not a metal but a live fly. It is to insert very thin microelectrodes into the olfactory nerves of flies, and amplify the electrical nerve signals guided by electronic circuits and send them to the analyzer; once the analyzer detects the signal of odorous substances, it can sound an alarm. This instrument has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas inside the cabin.

This small gas analyzer can also measure harmful gases in submarines and mines. Using this principle, it can also be used to improve the input device of the computer and the structural principles of the gas chromatography analyzer.

From fireflies to artificial cold light

Since humans invented the electric light, life has become much more convenient and rich. However, electric lamps can only convert a small part of the electrical energy into visible light, and most of the rest is wasted in the form of heat energy, and the heat rays of electric lamps are harmful to human eyes. So, is there a light source that only emits light but does not generate heat? Human beings have turned their attention to nature again.

In nature, there are many organisms that can emit light, such as bacteria, fungi, worms, molluscs, crustaceans, insects and fish, etc., and the light emitted by these animals does not produce heat, so it is Known as "cold light".

Among the many luminous animals, fireflies are one of them. There are about 1,500 species of fireflies. The colors of the cold light they emit range from yellow-green to orange, and the brightness of the light also varies. The cold light emitted by fireflies not only has high luminous efficiency, but also the cold light emitted is generally very soft, which is very suitable for human eyes, and the light intensity is relatively high. Therefore, biolight is an ideal light for humans.

Scientists have discovered that fireflies’ light emitters are located on their abdomens. This light emitter consists of three parts: a luminescent layer, a transparent layer and a reflective layer. The luminescent layer contains thousands of luminescent cells, which contain two substances, luciferin and luciferase. Under the action of luciferase, luciferin combines with oxygen to emit fluorescence with the participation of intracellular water. The glow of fireflies is essentially the process of converting chemical energy into light energy.

As early as the 1940s, people created fluorescent lamps based on research on fireflies, which brought about great changes in human lighting sources. In recent years, scientists first isolated pure luciferin from the light emitters of fireflies, then isolated luciferase, and then used chemical methods to artificially synthesize luciferin. A biological light source mixed with luciferin, luciferase, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and water can be used as a flashlight in mines filled with explosive gas. Since this kind of light has no power source and does not generate a magnetic field, it can be used to clear magnetic mines under the illumination of biological light sources.

Now, people can obtain cold light similar to biological light by mixing certain chemical substances, which can be used as safety lighting.

Electric fish and volt batteries

There are many creatures in nature that can produce electricity, and there are more than 500 species of fish alone. People refer to these fish that can discharge electricity as "electric fish".

Various electric fish have different discharge abilities. The ones with the strongest discharge ability are electric rays, electric catfish and electric eels. A medium-sized electric ray can produce about 70 volts, while the African electric ray can produce up to 220 volts; the African electric catfish can produce 350 volts; the electric eel can produce 500 volts, and there is a South American electric eel. It can produce voltages up to 880 volts, making it the electric shock champion. It is said that it can kill large animals like horses.

What is the secret of electric fish discharge? After anatomical research on electric fish, it was finally discovered that there is a strange power-generating organ in the body of electric fish. These generators are made of many translucent disc-shaped cells called electroplates or electrodisks. Because there are different types of electric fish, the shape, location, and number of electric panels of the generator are different. The electric eel's generator is prismatic and is located in the muscles on both sides of the tail spine; the electric ray's generator is shaped like a flat kidney, arranged on both sides of the body's midline, with a total of 2 million electric plates; the electric catfish's generator Originating from some kind of gland, located between the skin and muscles, there are about 5 million electrical plates. The voltage generated by a single electric plate is very weak, but because there are many electric plates, the voltage generated is very large.

The extraordinary ability of electric fish has aroused great interest among people.

In the early 19th century, Italian physicist Volta designed the world's earliest voltaic battery using the electric fish's power-generating organ as a model. Because this battery is designed based on the natural generator of electric fish, it is called an "artificial electric organ." Research on electric fish has also given people this revelation: If the power-generating organ of electric fish can be successfully imitated, then the power problems of ships and submarines can be well solved.

Jellyfish's Wind-Earing

"Swallows fly low to clear the rain, and cicadas chirp in the middle of the rain and the sky clears up." There is a certain relationship between the behavior of living things and changes in the weather. Coastal fishermen all know that when fish and jellyfish living on the coast swim to the sea in groups, it indicates that a storm is coming.

Jellyfish, also called jellyfish, is an ancient coelenterate that floated in the ocean as early as 500 million years ago. This lower animal has the instinct to predict storms. Whenever a storm approaches, it swims to the sea for refuge.

It turns out that in the blue ocean, infrasound waves (frequency 8-13 times per second) generated by the friction between air and waves are always a prelude to the coming storm. This kind of infrasound cannot be heard by human ears, but small jellyfish are very sensitive. Bionicists discovered that there is a thin handle in the vibrating cavity of the jellyfish's ear. There is a small ball on the handle. There is a small hearing stone inside the ball. When the infrasound wave before the storm hits the hearing stone in the jellyfish's ear, At this time, the listening stone stimulates nerve receptors on the wall of the ball, so the jellyfish hears the rumble of the approaching storm.

Bionics scientists modeled the structure and function of jellyfish ears to design a jellyfish ear storm predictor, which accurately simulates the jellyfish's organ that senses infrasound waves. This instrument is installed on the front deck of the ship. When it receives the infrasound waves of the storm, it can cause the horn that rotates 360° to stop rotating on its own. The direction it points is the direction of the storm; the reading on the indicator is Can tell you the intensity of the storm. This kind of predictor can predict storms 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to the safety of navigation and fisheries. 1. Experiments have shown that bats mainly rely on hearing to detect insects. When bats fly, ultrasonic waves can be generated in the throat, and the ultrasonic waves are emitted through the mouth. When ultrasonic waves encounter insects or obstacles and are reflected back, bats can receive them with their ears and determine whether the detection target is an insect or an obstacle, and how far away it is. People usually call this way of detecting targets by bats "echolocation". The signals emitted by bats when foraging, orienting, and flying are composed of ultrasonic sound elements similar to speech phonemes. The bat must receive the echo and analyze the sound characteristics of the echo such as amplitude, frequency, signal interval, etc., before it can decide what action to take next. Bats that rely on echo ranging and positioning only emit a simple sound signal. This signal is usually composed of one or two phonemes appearing repeatedly according to a certain pattern. When the bat is flying, the signal it emits bounces off the object, forming an echo with different sound characteristics depending on the nature of the object. The bat then determines the nature and location of the object after analyzing sound characteristics such as frequency, pitch and sound spacing of the echoes. Different parts of the bat's brain intercept different components of the echo signal. Some neurons in the bat brain are sensitive to the frequency of echoes, while others are sensitive to the time interval between two consecutive sounds. The coordination of various parts of the brain enables bats to make judgments about the properties of reflective objects. The flexibility and accuracy with which bats use echolocation to capture insects is amazing. According to some statistics, bats can capture an insect in a few seconds and more than a dozen insects in a minute. At the same time, bats also have amazing anti-interference capabilities. They can detect a special sound from the chaotic and noisy echoes, and then quickly analyze and identify the sound to distinguish whether the object that reflects the sound wave is an insect or a stone. , or more accurately determine whether an insect is edible or inedible. Bats - Bats have very poor eyesight and mainly use ultrasonic waves to identify things in front of them. Humans used similar principles to invent radar; 2. Since the memory capacity and information processing capabilities of dolphin brains are comparable to those of primates, If humans can communicate with dolphins, they should gain a lot of valuable information about marine animals and learn different expressions and thinking patterns. Diving with dolphins will reveal that dolphins are quite noisy animals. According to recording survey records, dolphins use ultrasonic calls with frequencies above 200-350 kHz for "echolocation", while the human hearing range is between 16-20 kHz, and humans cannot hear the echolocation of dolphins. Ultrasonic waves emitted. Therefore, the dolphin calls we hear in the water may be part of the low-frequency sounds used by dolphins to communicate with each other. For humans to communicate with dolphins, the prerequisite is to understand the language of dolphins, so they must analyze the correlation between the sounds and behaviors of dolphins. Dolphin sound analysis is actually possible with the proper recording equipment. However, the parallel connection between sound and behavior is not easy to grasp, and people still do not know exactly what the various sounds emitted by dolphins mean. In order to enable humans to communicate with dolphins, the second method is to let dolphins learn human language. More than 20 years ago, experts from the American Ocean University used this method to develop dolphin intelligence. At present, under the training of experts, dolphins have been able to learn and understand the meaning of single words and compound sentences from the gestures of trainers, and can make appropriate responses, but they have not yet reached the point where they can freely exchange information with people.

Whether it is studying the correlation between dolphin sounds and behavior, or teaching dolphins to learn human language, based on current progress, the ultimate goal of humans and dolphins understanding and communicating with each other is still quite far away. 3. The frog squatted in the rice field, occasionally blinking its big bulging eyes. Although there was a moth parked on the stalk in front of it, it turned a blind eye. However, as soon as the moth spread its wings and took off, the frog jumped upwards with lightning speed, opened its mouth, flipped out the tip of its tongue, and immediately stuck to the moth and "hooked" it into its mouth. In order to understand why frogs must wait for moths to take off before attacking, biomimetic scientists conducted special experimental studies on frogs. It turns out that the nerve cells in the retina of the frog eye are divided into five types. One type only responds to color, and the other four types only respond to certain characteristics of the moving target, and can transmit the decomposed characteristic signals to the visual center of the brain - the visual center. Top cover. There are four layers of nerve cells on the optic tectum. The first layer responds to the contrast of the moving target; the second layer can extract the convex edges of the target; the third layer only sees the surrounding edges of the target; and the fourth layer only sees the dark target. The light and dark changes of the leading edge. These four layers of features are like drawings on four sheets of transparent paper. When stacked together, they form a complete image. Therefore, among the rapidly flying small animals of various shapes, the frog can immediately identify the flies and moths it likes to eat most, but has no reaction to other flying things and stationary scenery. After figuring out the principle and structure of frog eyes, bionics scientists invented electronic frog eyes. In modern warfare, the enemy may launch missiles to attack our targets. At this time, we can launch anti-missiles to intercept the opponent's missiles. However, in order to confuse us, the enemy may also launch signals to disrupt our line of sight. On the battlefield, real and fake missiles launched by enemy aircraft, tanks, and ships are all in rapid motion. To defeat the enemy, real and fake missiles must be distinguished in time. By combining the electronic frog eye with radar, it can track real targets in flight as keenly and quickly as a frog eye. 4. The jellyfish's downwind ears are modeled after the structure and function of the jellyfish's ears. The jellyfish ear storm predictor is designed to predict storms 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to the safety of navigation and fisheries. 5. Based on the visual principle of frog eyes, people have successfully developed an electronic frog eye. This electronic frog eye can accurately identify objects of specific shapes just like real frog eyes. After installing electronic frog eyes into the radar system, the radar's anti-interference ability is greatly improved. This radar system can quickly and accurately identify aircraft, ships, missiles, etc. of specific shapes. In particular, it can distinguish between real and fake missiles to prevent fakes from being confused with real ones. 7. By simulating the incomplete photosynthesizer of cyanobacteria, a biomimetic photolysis water device will be designed to obtain a large amount of hydrogen. 8. Based on research on the human skeletal muscle system and bioelectrical control, a human enhancement device - a walking machine - has been imitated. 9. The hooks of modern cranes originated from the paws of many animals. 10. The roof corrugations imitate animal scales. 11. The oars imitate the fins of a fish. 12. The saw is learned from the mantis arm, or sawgrass. 13. The Xanthium plant inspired Velcro. 14. Lobsters with a keen sense of smell provide ideas for people to build odor detectors. 15. Gecko toes offer encouraging prospects for making sticky tape that can be used over and over again. 16. Bay uses its proteins to create a colloid that is so strong that such a colloid could be used in everything from surgical sutures to boat repairs. 17. From fireflies to artificial imitation cold light; 18. Electric fish and volt batteries; 19. The eye of a fly is a "compound eye" consisting of more than 30,000 small eyes. People imitate it to make "fly eye lenses". A "fly's eye lens" is made up of hundreds or thousands of small lenses arranged neatly together. Using it as a lens can be used to make a "fly's eye camera", which can take thousands of the same photos at one time. This kind of camera has been used in printing plate making and large-scale reproduction of tiny circuits in electronic computers, greatly improving work efficiency and quality. The "fly's eye lens" is a new type of optical component that has many uses. 20. The arrangement of leaves and the construction of the Sydney Grand Theater 21. The ups and downs of submarines and fish "Cleaning" the forest Once upon a time, there was a forest officer in Germany. When he took office, he issued an order: "Clean" the forest. The forest ranger had no choice but to follow his orders, cutting down all the shrubs and removing all the weeds, even the dead branches and leaves on the ground. The appearance of the forest suddenly changed: it was spacious and clean, without even a weed. The forest officer looked at it and felt happy. I don't want the forest to suffer disaster (yang) from now on. Several years have passed, and the leaves of oak and banyan trees have become fewer and fewer, as bare as a broom, and some trees have even dried up. What's going on? The whimsical orders of the forest officer brought disaster to the forest. It turns out that everything in nature is interconnected. In this way, the ecological balance of nature can be maintained. Dead branches and leaves look dirty, but in fact, after they rot, they turn into humus, which can enhance the fertility of the soil. They are also food and hiding places for some small animals. The bushes are also home to many animals. There are more bushes and weeds in the forest, and there are more insects, birds, and beasts. Many animals feed on plants, such as beetles and caterpillars eating leaves and twigs, while birds nest in the bushes and prey on forest pests.

The forest officer cut down the bushes and hoe the weeds, the birds flew away, and the pests in the forest became more ferocious. They multiply in large numbers and attack trees in groups, eating leaves, chewing roots, and drilling into the heart of trees. Without natural enemies to subdue the pests, the forest was gradually destroyed. Humanity’s Teacher Since ancient times, humans have wanted to fly into the sky like a bird. Scientists carefully studied the principles of bird flight and finally invented the airplane in 1903. Twenty or thirty years later, due to the continuous increase in flight speed, the wings of the aircraft often broke due to violent vibration, resulting in tragic disasters such as aircraft crashes and fatalities. It took many years before humans found a way to prevent such accidents. In fact, Dragonfly has already solved this problem. There is a thick spot at the end of each dragonfly's wing that is slightly heavier than the surrounding area. This is the key to preventing the wings from trembling. If we had known this earlier, scientists could have spent less energy! Now, aircraft designers pay attention to studying the flight conditions of flies, mosquitoes, bees, etc., and develop aircraft with various excellent performances. In the past, ships sailing in the sea had pointed bows, but they could not move very fast. But whales with big, round heads often overtake ocean ships easily. What is the reason for this? Scientists carefully studied the whale and found that its shape was an ideal "streamline", which encountered the least resistance in the water. Later, engineers designed the hull to imitate the whale's shape, which greatly increased the speed of the ship. . Scientists get inspiration from dragonflies, whales and other animals, and they make inventions and creations. Biology is really a good teacher for human beings! Modern radar - a radio positioning and ranging device: Scientists have found that bats rely not on their eyes, but on an echolocation system composed of their mouth, throat and ears. Because bats emit ultrasonic waves when flying, they can also detect ultrasonic waves reflected back from obstacles. Based on this, scientists designed modern radar, a radio positioning and ranging device. Through research on the low swimming resistance of dolphins, scientists invented artificial dolphin skin that can increase the speed of torpedoes; and wheelless cars that imitate the movement of kangaroos in the desert. (jumping machine) etc. Inspired by penguins, scientists from the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the former Soviet Union designed a new type of car - the "Penguin" brand polar off-road vehicle. The wide bottom of this kind of car is directly attached to the snow surface, and it is propelled forward by the wheel scoop, and the driving speed can reach 50 kilometers per hour. Scientists imitate insects to create space robots. A research team at the Australian National University has developed a small navigation and flight control device through research on several insects. This device could be used to equip small aircraft for Mars exploration. Inspired by bionics, British scientists are developing a submarine that can "swim" in an S-shape by swinging its tail fin. The main innovation of the new submarine is the use of a device called the "elephant trunk actuator." The "trunk" consists of a set of flexible tubes made of thin, flexible material that mimic muscle activity and propel the movement of the fins. This new submarine can serve as an underwater minesweeper, used to deal with mines that can detonate at the slightest sound or disturbance. Annoying flies seem to have nothing to do with the grand aerospace industry, but bionics has closely linked them. Flies are notorious as "odor chasers", and they can be found in any smelly and dirty place. Flies have a particularly sensitive sense of smell and can detect odors thousands of meters away. But a fly does not have a "nose", so how does it rely on its sense of smell? It turns out that the fly's "nose" - olfactory receptors are distributed on a pair of antennae on the head. Each "nose" has only one "nostril" connected to the outside world, which contains hundreds of olfactory nerve cells. If an odor enters the "nostrils", these nerves immediately convert the odor stimulation into nerve electrical impulses and send them to the brain. The brain can distinguish different odor substances based on the differences in the nerve electrical impulses generated by different odor substances. Therefore, the fly's antennae act like a sensitive gas analyzer. Biomimetic scientists were inspired by this and successfully copied a very peculiar small gas analyzer based on the structure and function of the fly's olfactory organ. The "probe" of this instrument is not a metal but a live fly. It is to insert very thin microelectrodes into the olfactory nerves of flies, and amplify the electrical nerve signals guided by electronic circuits and send them to the analyzer; once the analyzer detects the signal of odorous substances, it can sound an alarm. This instrument has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas inside the cabin. This small gas analyzer can also measure harmful gases in submarines and mines. Using this principle, it can also be used to improve the input device of the computer and the structural principles of the gas chromatography analyzer. From fireflies to artificial cold light Since humans invented the electric light, life has become much more convenient and rich. However, electric lamps can only convert a small part of the electrical energy into visible light, and most of the rest is wasted in the form of heat energy, and the heat rays of electric lamps are harmful to human eyes. So, is there a light source that only emits light but does not generate heat? Human beings have turned their attention to nature again. In nature, there are many organisms that can emit light, such as bacteria, fungi, worms, molluscs, crustaceans, insects and fish, etc., and the light emitted by these animals does not produce heat, so it is also called "cold light". Among the many luminous animals, fireflies are one of them. There are about 1,500 species of fireflies. The colors of the cold light they emit range from yellow-green to orange, and the brightness of the light also varies.

The cold light emitted by fireflies not only has high luminous efficiency, but also the cold light emitted is generally very soft, which is very suitable for human eyes, and the light intensity is relatively high. Therefore, biolight is an ideal light for humans. Scientists have discovered that fireflies have light emitters located on their abdomens. This light emitter consists of three parts: a luminescent layer, a transparent layer and a reflective layer. The luminescent layer contains thousands of luminescent cells, which contain two substances, luciferin and luciferase. Under the action of luciferase, luciferin combines with oxygen to emit fluorescence with the participation of intracellular water. The glow of fireflies is essentially the process of converting chemical energy into light energy. As early as the 1940s, people created fluorescent lamps based on research on fireflies, which brought great changes to human lighting sources. In recent years, scientists first isolated pure luciferin from the light emitters of fireflies, then isolated luciferase, and then used chemical methods to artificially synthesize luciferin. A biological light source mixed with luciferin, luciferase, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and water can be used as a flashlight in mines filled with explosive gas. Since this kind of light has no power source and does not generate a magnetic field, it can be used to clear magnetic mines under the illumination of biological light sources. Now, people can obtain cold light similar to biological light by mixing certain chemical substances, which can be used as safety lighting. Electric Fish and Voltage Batteries There are many creatures in nature that can produce electricity, and there are more than 500 species of fish alone. People refer to these fish that can discharge electricity as "electric fish". Various electric fish have different discharge abilities. The ones with the strongest discharge ability are electric rays, electric catfish and electric eels. A medium-sized electric ray can produce about 70 volts, while the African electric ray can produce up to 220 volts; the African electric catfish can produce 350 volts; the electric eel can produce 500 volts, and there is a South American electric eel. It can produce voltages up to 880 volts, making it the electric shock champion. It is said that it can kill large animals like horses. What is the secret of electric fish discharge? After anatomical research on electric fish, it was finally discovered that there is a strange power-generating organ in the body of electric fish. These generators are made of many translucent disk-shaped cells called electroplates or electrodisks. Because there are different types of electric fish, the shape, location, and number of electric panels of the generator are different. The electric eel's generator is prismatic and is located in the muscles on both sides of the tail spine; the electric ray's generator is shaped like a flat kidney, arranged on both sides of the body's midline, with a total of 2 million electric plates; the electric catfish's generator Originating from some kind of gland, located between the skin and muscles, there are about 5 million electrical plates. The voltage generated by a single electric plate is very weak, but because there are many electric plates, the voltage generated is very large. The extraordinary ability of electric fish has aroused great interest among people. In the early 19th century, Italian physicist Volta designed the world's earliest voltaic battery using the electric fish's power-generating organ as a model. Because this battery is designed based on the natural generator of electric fish, it is called an "artificial electric organ." Research on electric fish has also given people this revelation: If the power-generating organ of electric fish can be successfully imitated, then the power problems of ships and submarines can be well solved. Jellyfish's Wind-Earing "Swallows fly low to clear the rain, and cicadas chirp in the middle of the rain and the sky clears up." There is a certain relationship between the behavior of living things and changes in the weather. Coastal fishermen all know that when fish and jellyfish living on the coast swim to the sea in groups, it indicates that a storm is coming. Jellyfish, also called jellyfish, is an ancient coelenterate that floated in the ocean as early as 500 million years ago. This lower animal has the instinct to predict storms. Whenever a storm approaches, it swims to the sea for refuge. Inspirations humans get from animals: flies - scent detectors dragonflies - aircraft frogs - rapid scanning systems mantises - sickle eggs - building insects - hydraulic devices snakes - infrared fish - submarine spiders - artificial fiber turtles - armored vehicle cat's eyes - night vision devices Wild boar's nose - Gas mask Eagle - Hawkeye missile Butterfly - Temperature control system Big turtle back Small turtle - Tank with rotating turret Humans have invented and created many things by observing the living habits and physiological structure of animals. For example: pigs encounter toxic gases Sometimes they would insert their noses into the soil to filter poisonous gases, and people invented gas masks. Invent helicopters and more by observing dragonflies. There are also many sports that were developed by observing the living habits of animals, such as long jump, high jump, wrestling, uneven bars, etc. Bionic Design Bionic Design, also known as Design Bionics, is the fusion of bionics and design. An emerging edge discipline developed on the basis of , mainly involving mathematics, biology, electronics, physics, cybernetics, information theory, ergonomics, psychology, materials science, mechanics, dynamics, engineering, Economics, color science, aesthetics, communication, ethics and other related disciplines. Biomimetic design is different from the application of old bionics results. It takes the "shape", "color", "sound", "function" and "structure" of all things in nature as the research object, and selectively incorporates them into the design process. The design using these characteristic principles, combined with the research results of bionics, provides new ideas, new principles, new methods and new approaches for design. In a sense, bionic design can be said to be the continuation and development of bionics, and a reflection of the research results of bionics in the way of human existence. As the convergence point between human social production activities and nature, bionic design has achieved a high degree of unity between human society and nature, and is gradually becoming a new highlight in the design development process. Since ancient times, nature has been the source of various scientific and technological principles and major inventions of mankind.

There are a wide variety of animals, plants and substances in the biological world. In the long process of evolution, in order to survive and develop, they have gradually acquired the ability to adapt to changes in the natural world. Human beings live in nature and are "neighbors" with the surrounding creatures. The various strange abilities of these creatures attract people to imagine and imitate. Human beings used their observation, thinking and design abilities to imitate living things, and through creative labor, they created simple tools and enhanced their ability and ability to fight against nature. The first tools used by humans - wooden sticks and stone axes, are undoubtedly natural sticks and natural stones; the use of bone needles is undoubtedly an imitation of fish bones... The creation of all these tools and lifestyle choices cannot be said to be human What is imagined out of thin air can only be said to be a direct simulation of the substances existing in nature and a certain way of composition. It is the primary stage of human creation. It can also be said to be the origin and prototype of bionic design. Although they are relatively rough and superficial , but it is the basis for our development today. In our country, there have long been examples of imitating living things. According to legend, more than 3,000 years ago, our ancestors imitated birds and built nests in trees to protect themselves from predators; more than 4,000 years ago, our ancestors "saw a flying puffer and knew it as a car", that is, Seeing the flying grass spinning in the wind, he invented the wheel and made a car with wheels. The construction of the mountain gate in front of the main hall in ancient temples looks a bit like an elephant's posture in terms of its architectural structure. The pillars are round and thick, as if they are like the legs of an elephant. The hard-working and brave working people in ancient my country have long had various wonderful fantasies about the gorgeous sky and soaring eagles. According to historical records from the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Chinese people invented kites more than 2,000 years ago and used them for military communication. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Lu Ban, a craftsman from the Lu State whose real name was Gongshu Ban, first began to develop a flying wooden bird; and he was inspired by a toothed grass blade that could scratch the skin and invented the saw. According to "Du Yang Zabian", there was a Han Zhihe in the Tang Dynasty who was "good at carving wood in the shape of luan, crane, crow, and magpie. The movement and stillness of drinking and pecking were indistinguishable from the real thing. He kept the violence in his belly and released it. The flying clouds can reach a height of three feet to one or two hundred steps before descending. "During the Western Han Dynasty, some people used bird feathers to make wings and flew down from high platforms in an attempt to imitate the flight of birds. The above examples are enough to show that the working people in ancient my country conducted detailed observations and research on the flapping and flight of birds. This was also one of the earliest bionic design activities.