Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a warm-water fish, which grows in the bottom of water. Its survival temperature is 6-38℃, the most suitable growth temperature is 25-28℃, and its pH value is 6.0-9.0. Its hypoxia tolerance is slightly worse than that of conventional fish. Therefore, the pond for breeding Pelteobagrus fulvidraco should meet the following conditions. ?
To have a certain depth, the water body must reach more than 2 meters. There is plenty of water. The pond must have a stable, sufficient and pollution-free natural water source, which requires high-quality water supply all year round. Can discharge and fill. It is required that the pond should have a complete water inlet and drainage system, be freely drained and irrigated, be equipped with safe and reliable water inlet and outlet, and be equipped with fishing nets and other facilities to stop fish.
The bottom of the pond is flat, which is convenient for fish fishing. Sandy soil is the best bottom material of the pond, and the bottom silt is controlled at about10cm. The bottom of the pond must have good water and fertilizer conservation and be easy to fertilize. The water quality is required to meet the standard of aquaculture water. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco likes clear and clean water quality, and the transparency of pool water should be kept above 35 cm. It is best to have running water flowing all the year round.
2. Clear the pond strictly and apply sufficient base fertilizer.
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a scaleless fish, which has strict requirements on the environment and is sensitive to many drugs. It is necessary to maintain a good culture environment and good water quality to reduce diseases.
Strictly clear the pond. Both new and old ponds must undergo strict pond cleaning and disinfection. Timely water injection. After the pond is disinfected for 7- 10 days, the bottom of the pond is fully exposed to the sun to kill various pathogens, and then high-quality aquaculture water is injected. The water inlet must be equipped with screens with corresponding meshes for water filtration to prevent wild fish, enemy organisms and eggs from entering the pond. ?
Apply sufficient base fertilizer. Before stocking fish, according to the situation of pond water, apply sufficient base fertilizer at one time, and generally apply fermented and decomposed organic manure at the dosage of 0/50-200 kg per mu/kloc, and sprinkle it evenly throughout the pond to cultivate plankton in the water. ?
3, stocking should be early and the variety should be excellent.
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a small fish, and its growth rate is slower than that of ordinary fish, so attention should be paid to scientific stocking. ?
Early stocking. Appropriately extend the breeding cycle and increase the breeding yield. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is usually stocked in late April every year, but the temperature varies from place to place. Only when the temperature conditions permit and the water temperature is stable at around 10℃ can it be stocked, so as to artificially prolong the growth time.
The fish species are of high quality. No matter what kind of species, it is necessary to come from a regular breeding farm of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco when stocking, and try to choose excellent species artificially bred, which can not only ensure the purity and growth rate of the species, but also improve the survival rate. ?
The specifications should be large. The fish species are large in size, relatively good in physique and relatively fast in growth, so the large-size Pelteobagrus fulvidraco species are very popular in the market. Generally, it is required that the individual size should be10-15cm and the weight should be15-35g. Large-sized fish with a weight of more than 30g/tail should be stocked as far as possible.
Reasonable density. If Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is mainly raised, generally, 2,500-5,000 fish per acre can be stocked15-35g/tail. When the size is large, it can be appropriately diluted, and at the same time, it can be matched with about 200 silver carp and bighead carp to adjust the water quality. If the polyculture mode is adopted, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be interplanted in other aquaculture ponds, and more than 30g/fish 100- 150 fish can be interplanted per mu.
4, feeding appropriate essence, pay attention to science
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is an omnivorous fish, which often lives in the lower layer of water and likes to feed at night. The following points must be paid attention to when feeding.
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has high requirements on the protein in the bait and the quality of the bait. Feeding complete compound feed requires that the content of protein in the feed is 35%-45% and the crude fat is 5%-8%. The following formula can be used in artificial compound feed: fish meal 30%-40%, bean cake 20%-30%, vegetable cake 10%-35%, secondary meal 15%- 18% and rice bran10%-/kl.
The natural wild Pelteobagrus fulvidraco must be trained in taming, which usually takes about 1 week. During domestication, a fixed feeding signal, such as knocking on a feed bucket, is used for fixed-point and fixed-time feeding training. First, fish bait is thrown along the pond to attract fish, and for about 2 days, the fish gradually swim to feed, then artificial feed is slowly added into the bait, and the fish is put into a fixed place in the pond at a fixed point, and finally the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco develops the habit of fixed-point and fixed-time feeding.
Feed reasonably. Due to its small size and slow feeding, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco should be fed as early as possible, with less feeding and more meals. It can be fed twice a day around April, and the feeding amount is1%-3% of the fish weight; Feeding 3-4 times a day from May to September, and the feeding amount is 3%-5% of the fish weight; After 10, as the weather turns cold, the fish will gain weight. It can be fed twice a day, and the feeding amount is 1%-2% of the fish weight. ?
5, the disease should be prevented, combined with prevention and control.
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has strong disease resistance. If the water quality can be controlled as required, routine disinfection and prevention work can be done well, diseases will rarely occur.
Just in case. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a scaleless fish, and its tolerance to commonly used drugs is not as good as that of other fish, so the policy of "prevention first" should be implemented in disease control. Avoid damaging fish in the process of putting, transporting and breeding, and strictly prevent water mold infection in early spring, autumn and winter at low temperature. ?
Regular disinfection. Quicklime can be used to adjust and improve water quality every half month, and chlorine preparation can also be used to disinfect water. Feed bait regularly to prevent epidemic diseases, and use oxytetracycline, rhubarb, Radix Isatidis and other traditional Chinese medicines every month to prevent diseases. In the peak season of high temperature growth, appropriate amount of antibiotics can be added to prevent bacterial diseases.
Treat the disease early. Common diseases of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco include water mold, bacterial gill rot, edema, enteritis, small melon disease and so on. Once a disease occurs, it should be diagnosed and treated in time, and the symptomatic medication should be taken as soon as possible. Try to use green fishery drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity during treatment, and it is forbidden to use sensitive drugs such as trichlorfon and potassium permanganate.
6, management should be tight, comprehensive prevention and control.
Compared with conventional fish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has poor hypoxia tolerance, small size, easy to be frightened, and high requirements for aquaculture management. ?
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco likes the fresh water environment, so it is necessary to keep the water fresh at all times, and the transparency of the water body should reach more than 35 cm. Therefore, water must be changed regularly. From May to June, change the water once a month, and inject about 30 cm of new water each time; From July to September, change the water once every half month, and inject fresh water15cm each time, and keep the water depth at about 2m throughout the year. ?
Aquaculture ponds are required to be equipped with aerators and other equipment, which should be started scientifically according to the weather and water quality, and should be started in the early morning and afternoon 1 hour in sunny days, and oxygen should be increased in advance in rainy and sultry days, so as to increase the number and time of starting, so as to keep the dissolved oxygen concentration in water above 3 mg/liter.
Patrol the pond day and night, observe the feeding, activities and growth of fish, and eliminate hidden dangers in time. Try to reduce pedestrians, animals, etc. entering the culture area to disturb the fish, so as to avoid stress reaction. ?
Extended data
Ga fish like to live in still water or slow current, live in groups at the bottom, have strong adaptability to the environment, and like to move and eat in low light. The survival water temperature is 4 ~ 38℃, and the optimal growth water temperature is about 25℃. There is no need for special heat preservation and heatstroke prevention measures in winter and summer. The optimum pH value is 7.0 ~ 8.4. The growth rate of this species in the pond is average, and it has been on the market for two years, and its individual commercial fish is100 ~ 200 grams.
Gayu is an omnivorous and carnivorous fish. In natural water, young fish feed on cladocera and copepods. Adult fish eat small fish, shrimp and other fish eggs, so interplanting Ga fish in freshwater culture ponds can effectively eliminate small wild fish and improve pond yield and economic benefits. Ga fish can also swallow anchovy and copepod larvae parasitic on the fish body surface, thus reducing the breeding of fish diseases.
Under the condition of artificial culture, Ga fish likes to eat soft fishy and live feed. Usually, fish, shrimp, mussel meat or leftovers from livestock and poultry processing are minced, and then added with adhesive to stir them into balls for feeding. In southern China, artificial compound feed has been used to cultivate gawkish in ponds or cages, and some fishermen in Tianjin have also succeeded in introducing gawkish fry from the south.
Baidu encyclopedia-ga fish
Baidu encyclopedia-Pelteobagrus fulvidraco