(1) Teachers' language in operation should be concise, standardized, interesting, exemplary and passionate. In the process of operation, teachers' language should be processed and decorated, which can be beautified, but it must be concise and easy to understand. For example, when the children in the middle class learn to know 0, after I take out the ten digital babies 0-9, if I say to the number 1 a stick and give the number 2 two sticks over and over again ... This way is too boring, and the children's attention will definitely not be concentrated. In order to arouse their interest in operation, I said passionately, "Ah! It's almost time for lunch. I'm so hungry! We ten digital babies really want to eat cookies, so just eat a few cookies. Let's give them cookies quickly! I said and took out my stick. In a short time, the children put the corresponding number of sticks into the empty box with1-9 written on it in a cheerful state, thus easily understanding the meaning of the empty box 0.
(2) Teachers should encourage and praise in time during the operation.
Encouraging and praising children can not only bring them confidence, but also stimulate their enthusiasm. Grasping the psychology of children, in the process of children's operation, teachers should be good at being a conscientious person, be good at observing their every bit of progress, encourage them to operate boldly and experience the fun brought by success. For example, in reviewing geometric figures, I encourage children to boldly imagine and put together freely with various geometric figures. In a short time, the children put out patterns such as small sailboats, small pine trees and small mushrooms. At this time, Yingying sat there motionless. I asked her why she didn't put it, but she said she wouldn't put it. At this time, I found that she put a small triangle in front and a big triangle in the back, so I said, "You are great! The little fish you put is really beautiful. " When she heard this, she became happy and said to me with a smile, "Teacher, right?"? Then I'll let it spit bubbles in the water. " Said, and put a little red disc in front of the fish's mouth. It can be seen that a teacher's smile and a word can stimulate their interest in operation, regain their confidence and find the feeling of success and happiness.
Second, provide rich operating materials and pay attention to the operation process of young children.
(A) operating materials should pay attention to the use of convenient and interesting.
Every child likes vivid, vivid and novel cartoon patterns. In the process of operation, teachers should prepare more cartoons for children, which can quickly concentrate their attention and stimulate their interest in inquiry. For example, when children in small classes were learning to sort by size, I provided each child with five cartoon pictures of "elephants carrying wood" with different sizes, which quickly attracted their attention. They couldn't wait to help elephants carry wood. Children sorted the simple elephants by size and then distributed wood to the elephants. In this process, children take the initiative to observe, sort by size, practice one-to-one correspondence, and finally solve difficulties.
In addition, in the process of mathematical operation, children should be provided with some intuitive living materials that are suitable for their age characteristics and closely related to their lives, so that they can carry out exploration activities in a relaxed and natural situation. For example, in the activities of knowing calendars for children in large classes, I asked every child to bring a calendar from home, and then asked the children to count how many months there are in a year, how many days there are in a month and how many days there are in a week. In this way, in the process of children's hands-on operation to count, they can easily and happily understand the date that is difficult to grasp.
(B) the operation should give children plenty of operating time, pay attention to the operation process of children.
Piaget once pointed out: "The construction of children must be completed by children through their own operational activities. In the operational activities, children use all kinds of sensory perception affairs, constantly operate, think and gain rich knowledge." That is to say, teachers must give children enough time to operate, encourage them to explore freely, respect their exploration and discovery, respect their answers and expressions, be good at guiding them and encourage them to find answers together. For example, in the process of learning the decomposition and combination of 5, I give each child 5 discs of the same size, one side is yellow and the other side is blue. First of all, I encourage them to put these discs in their hands and throw them from top to bottom at will to see if some of them are yellow and some are blue. As children continue to throw away, children gradually discover several decomposition methods of 5. In this way, in the children's pleasant exploration, the teaching goal is easily achieved.
(C) In the operation, teachers should pay attention to the growth of every child.
The new "Outline" points out that education should pay attention to individual differences and promote the development of each child's personality. In mathematics operation, each child's operation mode, operation speed and operation ability are different, which has very obvious personalization. Therefore, in operation, we should allow children to explore and learn according to their own operating methods and operating speeds. For example, after the children in the middle class used the classification dolls to tell the classification method, I asked the children to classify the building blocks by color, size and shape, and I instructed the children with weak ability to classify the building blocks according to these three characteristics; On this basis, children with moderate ability guide them to record on the recording paper; On the basis of the above, the children with strong ability instruct them to count the number and total number of blocks after classification, talk about whether there are more red blocks or more blocks, more round blocks or more blocks, and experience the relationship between part and whole. Such guidance not only adapts to the needs of children at different levels, but also enables them to experience the fun of operation and exploration, which is conducive to the development of children from different levels.
Confucius once said: "Those who know are not as good as those who know;" Those who are good are not as happy as those who know. " Interest is a real and effective motivation for children to learn mathematics in the future, and it is an intrinsic motivation. In mathematics operation, we should start from children's reality, capture children's excitement and concerns, encourage children to actively participate in mathematics operation activities, and let children learn happily in the mathematics kingdom, thus helping children to develop good enthusiasm and enthusiasm for exploring problems.