Qu Yuan's portrait in simple strokes 1 Qu Yuan's portrait in simple strokes 2 Qu Yuan's portrait in simple strokes Information

Qu Yuan (about 340 BC - 278 BC) was a great patriotic poet in ancient my country. The name is Ping and the word is Yuan. During the Warring States Period, he was born into a noble family of the Chu State. He served as Sanlu official and Zuotu, and was also in charge of domestic and foreign affairs. He advocated promoting talents internally, amending laws and regulations, and urging Qi to resist Qin externally. Later, because he was excluded by the nobles, he was exiled to the Yuan and Xiang River basins. In 278 BC, Qin general Bai Qi captured Ying, the capital of Chu state, in one fell swoop. Qu Yuan, who was worried about his country and his people, committed suicide by holding a stone in the Miluo River near Changsha. The Dragon Boat Festival is said to be the anniversary of his death. He wrote many immortal poems and became the founder of ancient romantic poetry in my country. He created a new poetry genre, Chu Ci, based on Chu folk songs. His major works include "Li Sao", "Nine Chapters", "Nine Songs", "Tianwen", etc. In the poem, he expresses his fervent patriotism and his love for the country of Chu, embodying his unremitting pursuit of ideals and his unrepentant spirit. The "Chu Ci" style he created is unique in the history of Chinese literature, and is known as the "Fengcao" style together with "The Book of Songs", which had a positive impact on the poetry creation of later generations.

, so he was called Qu Yuan, not Mi Yuan). His name was Ping, and his courtesy name was Yuan. There are no official historical records of his birth and death years, and there is still debate in the historians. (He was born about 353 BC - 335 BC and died in 283 BC - 269 ??BC), the earliest romantic poet in China, a descendant of Qu Xia, the son of Xiong Tong, King Wu of Chu, and the first great patriotic poet to leave his name in the history of Chinese literature. He is known as the "Father of Poetry". His appearance marks that Chinese poetry has entered a new era from collective singing to individual singing. Qu Yuan was born in Lepingli, Sanlv Township, Zigui (now Zigui County, Yichang City, Hubei Province) in 340 BC. Qu Yuan was studious and ambitious since he was a child. In his early years, he was trusted by King Huai of Chu and served as Zuotu and Sanlu officials. He often discussed state affairs with King Huai, participated in the formulation of laws, advocated clear regulations, promoted talents, reformed politics, united Qi to resist Qin, and advocated "beautiful government" . With Qu Yuan's efforts, Chu's national strength increased. He was an upright person, but because he was unwilling to listen to the Shangguan officials when revising the laws and regulations, he was joined by the envoys of the Qin State. Zhang Yi's bribery not only prevented King Huai from accepting Qu Yuan's opinions, but also caused King Huai to alienate Qu Yuan. In 305 BC, Qu Yuan objected to King Chu Huai's signing of the Yellow Thorn Alliance with Qin, but Chu still completely fell into the arms of Qin. As a result, Qu Yuan was also expelled from Yingdu by King Huai of Chu and began his life in exile. As a result, King Huai of Chu was lured away by the State of Qin under the strong instigation of his youngest son Zilan and others, and was imprisoned by the State of Qin.

After King Xiang of Chu came to the throne, Qu Yuan continued to be persecuted and was exiled to Jiangnan. In 278 BC, Qin general Bai Qi led his troops southward and captured the capital of Chu. Qu Yuan's political ideals were shattered and he despaired of his future. Although he wanted to serve his country, he was unable to save his life and had to die to express his ambition. In May of the same year He committed suicide by throwing himself into the Luo River out of hatred. The people were very sad when they heard the bad news and rushed to salvage his body, but found nothing. So, some people wrapped glutinous rice with reed leaves and threw it into the river to worship Qu Yuan. This kind of sacrificial activity was passed down year by year and gradually became a custom. The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is scheduled to be the Dragon Boat Festival (one of the sayings about the Dragon Boat Festival). The loyalty of Qu Yuan was sparse, and the poets of later generations were frustrated with their ambitions. His poem "Qu Yuan" said: "The majestic Qianxiao Han, Shen Xiang is loyal and sycophantic. He is talented enough to serve the emperor, but he has nothing to do with the emperor." ("Zai") "Jingtang Ji·Jiangnan Jingshi Poetry Manuscript") This is not only a tribute to the patriot Qu Yuan, but also to the "King's ministers" in the past dynasties ("Poetry·Daya·King Wen"); not only to the king of Chu at that time, but also to other dim kings a profound criticism.

"The morning departure is in vain, and the sunset is in the morning sun. I have an upright heart, but it hurts me even though it is so far away." It is the ape's home in the dark. The mountains are high and block out the sun, and it is dark and rainy. The snow is endless, and the clouds are falling. I am sad that my life is joyless, and I am alone in the mountains. "I cannot change my mind and follow the vulgar ways, otherwise I will end up miserable and poor." During his exile, Qu Yuan left many immortal poems for future generations. His works have gorgeous words, strange imagination, novel metaphors and profound connotations, and have become one of the origins of Chinese literature.

"The water in Canglang is clear, so I can wash my tassel; the water in Canglang is turbid, I can wash my feet." After Qu Yuan was exiled, in a conversation with his fisherman, the fisherman advised him He "gets along with the world" and does not "think deeply and exalt himself" and seek trouble for himself. Qu Yuan said that he would rather throw himself into the river and die than let his innocent body suffer the dust of the world. According to the fisherman, one does not need to be too arrogant in life. If the world is clean and honest, you can become an official; if the world is turbid, you can rise and fall with the world. As for "thinking deeply and exalting" and ending up in exile, it is unnecessary. The conversation between Qu Yuan and the fisherman showed two philosophies of life. In 278 BC, the Qin State captured Yingdu, the capital of the Chu State. On May 5 of that year, out of despair and grief, Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River with a large stone in his arms and died. The Dragon Boat Festival is said to have come from this. After World War II, 75 famous figures from 17 countries jointly launched the "World Congress for the Defense of Peace". In 1953, the World Peace Council, which held the World Peace Conference in Moscow, decided to list Qu Yuan as "one of the four major cultural celebrities in the world" and called on people all over the world to commemorate him.

At that time, the People’s Republic of China had just been founded. In order to respond to the World Peace Conference and strive for international status, the Ministry of Culture of the People’s Republic of China decided to appoint Guo Moruo, You Guoen, Zheng Zhenduo, and Wen Huaisha. They formed the "Qu Yuan Research Group" and compiled Qu Yuan's works into a collection and published them in vernacular.