2. French writer victor hugo;

3. lev tolstoy-1Russian critical realist writer in the middle of the 9th century:

4. herzen-Russian philosopher, writer and revolutionary;

5. Francis Bacon-the most important essayist and philosopher in the English Renaissance;

Character introduction:

I. Maxim Gorky

Maxim Gorky (Maxim Gorky,1March 86816-1June 936 18), formerly known as Alexei Macsimovici BeSkof, was a writer, poet, critic, political commentator and scholar in the former Soviet Union.

Gorky was born in a carpenter's family in Nizhny Novgorod on the Volga River on March 6th, 868. When his father died at the age of 4, he spent his childhood with his mother at his grandfather's house. 10 years old, Gorky began to make a living independently. He worked as an apprentice, porter, janitor, baker, etc. , personally experienced the suffering of the lower classes. During this period, he studied hard and began to explore the truth of transforming society. From 65438 to 0884, he joined the populists, read the works of populists and Marx, and actively participated in revolutionary activities. From 65438 to 0905, Gorky joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party.

From 65438 to 0906, Gorky was entrusted by Lenin to carry out revolutionary activities in the United States from Finland, and published the novel Mother in the United States. Later he settled in Capri, Italy. 19 13 years, Gorky returned to work in proletarian cultural organizations from Italy and presided over the literary column of Pravda. 19 17 After the October Revolution, Gorky came into conflict with Lenin and the new regime with chaos, destruction, anarchy and various violent incidents. 192 1 year1October, Gorky went abroad to recuperate due to illness and differences with the Bolshevik regime.

1928, Gorky returned to the Soviet Union. Under Stalin's arrangement, he made two long-distance trips in Russia and decided to return to China to settle down. 1934 was elected chairman of the writers association. After Gorky returned to China, as a banner of Soviet cultural circles, he did a lot of work for Soviet cultural construction. However, various problems in the Soviet Union in the 1930s kept him at a certain distance from Stalin and real politics. 1June, 93618th, Gorky died at the age of 68.

Second, victor hugo.

Victor hugo (1February 26th, 802-1May 22nd, 885), a French writer,1a representative writer of positive romantic literature in the early 9th century, a representative figure of humanitarianism and an outstanding bourgeois-democratic writer in the history of French literature. He is called "Shakespeare of France". He wrote many poems, novels, plays, various essays, literary comments and political articles in his life, which have a wide influence in France and even the world.

Third, Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy.

Lev tolstoy (левниколаевичтолстой).

Fourth, herzen.

Herzen (18 12 ~ 1870) is a Russian philosopher, writer and revolutionary. Herzen is known as the father of Russian socialism. In terms of faith, herzen is an advocate of agricultural populism, agricultural collectivism and agriculturalism.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) bacon

Francis Bacon (156 1- 1626), the first viscount St. Alben (1 St. Alban), was an English essayist and philosopher during the Renaissance. British materialist philosopher, founder of experimental science, founder of modern induction and pioneer of logical organization of scientific research procedures. His major works include New Tools, On the Progress of Science and The Great Rejuvenation of Learning.

Bacon/Kloc-entered Cambridge University at the age of 0/2, and later served as the Queen's special legal adviser, the chief prosecutor of the Imperial Court and the minister in charge of seals. In his later years, he was driven out of the court by the court plot, divorced from his political career, devoted himself to academic research and writing activities, and wrote a number of works with great influence in the history of modern literary thought, the most important of which was "On Reviving New Tools".

In addition, from the perspective of a philosopher, he thought about a wide range of life problems, wrote many short and lively essays, and integrated Bacon's prose. 1626 At the end of March, Bacon caught a cold in the experiment because of his weak body, and his bronchitis recurred and his condition deteriorated. 1626 died in the early morning of April 9.

References:

Francis Bacon-Baidu encyclopedia

Herzen-Baidu encyclopedia

Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy-Baidu encyclopedia

Victor Hugo-Baidu Encyclopedia

Maxim Gorky-Baidu encyclopedia