1, long summer

Long summer, a solar term, was established at the end of the Warring States Period (239 BC), which indicates the change of seasons and the beginning of summer in all seasons.

2. Xiaoman

At this time, the seeds of summer crops such as wheat in the northern part of the country have begun to be full, but they are not yet mature, which is about the late stage of milk ripening, so it is called Xiaoman.

3. Miscanthus

The word "awn" of awn seed refers to the harvest of awned plants such as wheat, and the word "kind" of awn seed refers to the season of sowing millet crops. The homonym of "awn seed" indicates that all crops are "busy planting". Therefore, "awn seed" is also called "busy seed", and it is also called "busy seed" among farmers.

4. Summer Solstice

In the 7th century BC, the ancestors used Tugui to measure the sun's shadow, which determined the summer solstice. According to the Transcript of Compliance with the Constitution: "The sun arrives in the north, the day is long, and the shadow is short, so it is called the summer solstice.

5. Summer heat

"Summer heat" means hot, which means that the weather has started to get hot, but it has not reached the hottest, and most parts of the country are basically in line. Although it is not the hottest season in a year, it is followed by the hottest season in a year, and there is a folk saying that "it is a small summer and a big summer, and it is steamed and cooked".

6. Great summer heat

"twenty-four solar term" said: "The summer heat is in the middle of June. Summer heat, heat, is divided into size, small at the beginning of the month, big in the middle of the month, and now it is hot in Judah. " Its climatic characteristics are: "Dou refers to C as a great summer heat, and the weather in Sri Lanka is much stronger than a small summer heat, so it is called a great summer heat.

Note: Great summer, in mid-June, the weather is hot, and the heat is divided into small and large at the beginning of the month and large in the middle of the month. When the bucket refers to C, it is a big summer heat, which is smaller than the summer heat, so it is called a big summer heat.

7. beginning of autumn

"Autumn" means that the summer is cool. When we arrived in beginning of autumn, the plane tree began to shed its leaves, so there is an idiom "Autumn is known by falling leaves". From a literal point of view, the word "autumn" is composed of the words "grain" and "fire", which means the maturity of grain. Autumn is a transitional season when the weather turns from hot to cold and then from cold to cold.

8. Summer heat

Summer, that is, "summer", means hot to leave, and summer solar terms mean that autumn is about to enter meteorological significance.

9. Bailu

Legend has it that the Millennium is an excellent chef, unparalleled in the world, and even the most critical emperor has no words. One day, the emperor asked the Millennium, "What's the best in the world?" The Millennium replied, "Salt!" The emperor originally wanted to show off his "delicacies", but the Millennium actually boasted about the "salt" that even ordinary people saw widely. How is salt "the best"? Contempt for imperial power, this is "the crime of deceiving the monarch"! The emperor killed the Millennium in a rage, and told the imperial kitchen not to use salt for seven days.

For seven days in a row, delicacies and delicacies became tasteless without salt. The more the emperor ate, the more he wanted to vomit, and he knew that he had killed the Millennium by mistake. The emperor regretted it, so he wrote on the plain silk with a royal pen the words "It's been a lawless day for seven days by mistake". It happened that a minister came to visit, and the emperor didn't want others to know that he "regretted it", so he hurriedly burned the silk. This burn was just accepted by the passing city god. Lord Chenghuang presented it to the jade emperor, and the jade emperor "allowed to play", so there was a "Millennium Festival" to commemorate the Millennium.

10, autumnal equinox

"Minute" means to divide the day and night equally. Like the vernal equinox, the sun shines directly on the equator of the earth on this day, and day and night are equal. At the autumnal equinox, most parts of the earth divide the day and night equally, each 12 hours; Near the North Pole and South Pole, the sun can be observed on the horizon all day on this day.

1 1, cold dew

"twenty-four solar term" said: "In September, the dew is cold and will condense."

Note: Cold dew means that the temperature is lower than that of white dew, and the dew on the ground is colder, which is about to condense into frost.

12, first frost

First frost solar term means that the weather is getting colder and the first frost appears. It is the last solar term in autumn, and it also means that winter is about to begin.

13, beginning of winter

In beginning of winter, there is a custom of "sending cold clothes". Every year on the first day of the tenth lunar month, it is the "Cold Clothes Festival". On this day, special attention is paid to paying homage to those who died first, which is called sending cold clothes. In order to prevent the ancestors from getting cold and freezing in the underworld, on this day, people will burn five-color paper and send them warm clothes, which embodies the memory of the old people and the compassion of the living for the dead.

14, Xiaoxue

The northwest wind began to become a frequent visitor in China, and the temperature dropped gradually to below 0℃, but the earth was not too cold. Although it began to snow, the amount of snow was not large, so it was called light snow.

15, heavy snow

Legend has it that there is a kind of bird called Hanhao Bird. This kind of bird is different. It has four feet and two bare meat wings, and it doesn't fly like ordinary birds. In summer, Hanhao bird is covered with gorgeous feathers and looks very beautiful. Hanhao bird is so proud that it feels that it is the most beautiful bird in the world, and even the phoenix can't compare with itself. So it shook its feathers all day, walked around, and sang proudly: "Phoenix is not as good as me! Phoenix is not as good as me! "

Summer passed, autumn came, and the birds were busy. Some of them began to fly to the south together, ready to spend the warm winter there. Some stay and work hard all day, accumulating food, repairing nests and making preparations for winter. Only the Hanhao bird, which has neither the ability to fly to the south nor the desire to work hard, is still wandering around all day, still showing off its beautiful feathers everywhere.

Winter finally came, the weather was extremely cold, and the birds returned to their warm nests. At this time, the Hanhao bird lost all its beautiful feathers. At night, it hides in the crevices of the stone, shivering with cold. It keeps crying, "It's so cold, so cold, wait until dawn to build a nest!" " After dawn, the sun came out, the warm sunshine shone, and Hanhao bird forgot the cold at night, so it kept singing: "muddling along!" It's warm under the sun! "

Hanhao bird is so mixed day by day, day by day, and has never been able to build a nest for itself. In the snowy season, the north wind roared and the sunshine lost its former warmth. Hanhao bird failed to get through the cold snow and solar terms, and finally froze to death in a crack in the rock.

16, winter solstice

The ancients said: when the cathode reaches, the yang begins to grow, the sun goes south, the day is short, and the shadow is long, so it is called "winter solstice".

17, slight cold

Slight cold, the 23rd solar term in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar, is also the fifth solar term in winter, marking the official start of the winter season. When the sun reaches the longitude of 285 (slight cold), it marks the arrival of the coldest day of the year for the land of China.

18, severe cold

According to legend, in the northern part of ancient India, that is, in the southern part of Nepal in the 2nd/kloc-0th century, there was a king of suddhodana in the kingdom of Kapilowei. He had a son named Gautama Siddhartha. When he was young, he felt all kinds of distress in life, old age, illness and death, found that social life was futile, and was extremely dissatisfied with the theocracy of Brahmanism. So, at the age of 29, he abandoned the luxurious life of the royal family and became a monk and ascetic for six years.

One day in about 525 BC, he was so hungry that he decided not to practice. Then I met a shepherdess and gave him chyle to eat. He ate chyle and recovered his strength, so he sat under a bodhi tree in Gaya, the Buddha, realized enlightenment and founded Buddhism. According to history, this day is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in China. Because he is a Sakyamuni, Buddhists later addressed him as Sakyamuni, which means the Sage of Sakyamuni.

19, beginning of spring

Beginning of spring is divided from astronomy, that is, when the sun reaches 315. "Li" means "start". Since the Qin Dynasty, China has been taking beginning of spring as the beginning of the Meng Chun season. The so-called "a year's plan lies in spring", spring is warm, birds and flowers are fragrant; Spring is growth, cultivation and sowing.

20. Rain

In ancient times, people had a habit of asking God and divination for their children to see how their children were fated and whether they needed to find a michel platini. The purpose of looking for michel platini is to make children grow up smoothly and healthily. So there was the activity of rain festival to pull and protect. This move has become a custom for a long time year after year.

2 1, Jing Zhe

At the beginning of February of the lunar calendar, the reptiles and ants at home will rise again and look around for food. Therefore, in ancient times, people would smoke the four corners of their homes with fragrance and wormwood to drive away snakes, insects, mosquitoes, rats and musty smells.

22. vernal equinox

The vernal equinox is also a festival and a ritual celebration. Ancient emperors had a ritual system of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and the moon in autumn. The rites of the Zhou Dynasty were sacrificed at the altar. The day of folk outing.

23. Qingming

Qingming is a combination of solar terms and festivals. Solar terms are "days" and pure natural time, and festivals are "people's time", which is the time choice of social culture. As one of the twenty-four solar terms, Qingming Festival was originally a symbol of the season, and the time was 107 days after the winter solstice, 15 days after the vernal equinox, and around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar.

"Huainanzi Astronomical Training" records: On the 15th day after the vernal equinox, when the handle of the big dipper points to the second position, it will be clear and windy. The "Qingming" solar term got its name.

24. Grain Rain

During the reign of Emperor Gaozong in the Tang Dynasty, there was a young man named Grain Rain who was very good at swimming. Once there was a flood in his hometown of Cao Zhou, he saved the villagers with this skill and risked his life to save a peony flower, and asked a gardener to plant it well.

Grain Rain and a woman who came to see his mother every day were in love for a long time. When he wanted to marry this girl, he learned that this beautiful girl was a fairy peony, and it was the peony that he saved a few years ago. The Peony Fairy and Grain Rain agreed: "Until April 8 next year, I will go to the Valley Gate to settle down."

Later, the vulture, the enemy of Peony Flower Fairy, became seriously ill, forcing Peony Sisters to brew Huaruidan wine for her medical treatment. The peony sisters refused to take their own blood and brewed Dan wine for the evil thief to drink, but they were taken away and detained by vultures. Grain Rain went through many hardships and dangers. On his birthday, he finally broke into the magic cave to defeat the vulture and rescued Hua Xian. When everyone was ready to go home, the vulture, who had not yet died, stabbed Grain Rain with a dark sword. The Peony Fairy was so angry that she picked up Grain Rain's hatchet and chopped the dying vulture into paste! Turn around and pick up Grain Rain's body, sobbing. Grain Rain saved the lives of these Hua Xian with his own life.

Grain Rain is dead. He was born in Grain Rain and died in Grain Rain. He was only twenty-one years old when he died. Grain Rain was buried in the gardener's garden. Since then, peony and all the flower fairies have settled in Caozhou. Every time in Grain Rain, peony will open to show their nostalgia for Grain Rain.

Extended data:

The 24 solar terms are divided according to the position of the earth on the ecliptic. Depending on the sun starting from vernal equinox (longitude zero, at this moment the sun shines vertically on the equator), every forward 15 degrees is a solar term; After a week's operation, I returned to vernal equinox, which is a tropical year, which is 360 degrees, so it is divided into 24 solar terms.

Twenty-four solar terms reflect the annual apparent motion of the sun, so their dates are relatively fixed in the Gregorian calendar. The solar terms in the first half of the year are on the 6th, the solar terms in the second half are on the 8th, and the solar terms in the second half are on the 23rd, which are not different1~ 2. The earth revolves around the sun at 6: 09 10 second every 365 days, and rotates once every 24 hours.

Because the orbital plane of the earth's rotation is not the same as the equatorial plane, but keeps a certain inclination, the position of direct sunlight hitting the earth is different all year round. In the northern hemisphere, the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer (23 26' north latitude), which is called the summer solstice in astronomy. When the sun shines directly on the tropic of Capricorn (23 26' south latitude), it is called the winter solstice; The summer solstice and the winter solstice mean that it has reached the middle of summer and winter.

When the sun shines directly on the equator twice a year, it is the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox, which is in the middle of spring and autumn. The days are as long as the nights.

The activity law of the direct solar point is: vernal equinox (March 2 1 around), the direct solar point is at the equator 0, and then moves northward. On the summer solstice (around June 22nd), the direct point of the sun is on the tropic of cancer (23 26' N), and then it moves south. At the autumnal equinox (around September 23rd), the direct point of the sun is 0 at the equator, and then it continues to move southward. On the winter solstice (1around February 22nd), the direct point of the sun is on the tropic of Capricorn (23 26' s), and then it moves northward.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Twenty-four solar terms