kiwifruit is becoming more and more popular, and the number of farmers who grow kiwifruit is gradually increasing. However, a little carelessness in planting will affect the quality of fruit in the later stage, so it is necessary to understand the growth habits and planting points of kiwifruit in order to plant kiwifruit well.
kiwifruit likes high temperature, is not cold-resistant, and cannot accept low temperature below 5℃. It needs plenty of sunshine during its growth, but it is afraid of exposure to the hot sun. I like fertile and loose sandy loam, and the pH is between 5 and 6.5. It is not suitable for planting in places with heavy soil and poor drainage.
kiwifruit planting time
The southern region is warmer, and there is basically no freezing phenomenon in winter, so kiwifruit can be planted in autumn rainy season. Generally, kiwifruit seedlings are planted in the dormant period in northern China, that is, before March in early spring or before germination after kiwifruit leaves fall.
kiwifruit planting steps
1. Soil preparation and fertilization
Soil preparation is generally carried out when the soil is loose after rain, and the effect of deep ploughing is good at this time. In the process of deep ploughing, farmyard manure is applied as the base fertilizer, and a drainage ditch with a depth and width of about 3 cm and a row spacing of about 3 meters is dug out, and the dug soil is accumulated in the middle of the ridge.
2. Planting method
Because kiwifruit is a dioecious plant, the male tree is responsible for pollination and the female tree bears the fruit. Therefore, when planting, it is necessary to evenly disperse the male and female trees according to the ratio of 1:6 or 1:8, with the plant spacing of about 3 meters and the row spacing of about 4 meters.
kiwifruit cultivation management methods
1. Fertilizer application and watering
The most important thing to pay attention to in kiwifruit cultivation management is the application of fertilizer. The most commonly used fertilizer is bio-organic fertilizer, which can loosen the soil very well and enhance the soil fertility. Cattle and sheep manure is a good bio-organic fertilizer after it is fully fermented and decomposed, which is very effective for improving the yield of kiwifruit.
water once after fertilization in dry season. Topdressing and watering for the first time every year is very important, which can not only improve the fruiting rate of the current year, but also cultivate the fruiting branches of the next year. The first fertilization and watering is usually 1 days after beginning of spring.
2, pest control
pests and diseases are the bane of all crops, and once they are entangled, they will have an impact. Therefore, the prevention and control of pests and diseases is also a key issue in kiwifruit management. Every once in a while, the orchard must be thoroughly cleaned to prevent the breeding of pests and diseases.
3. Branch pruning and fruit thinning
The branches of kiwifruit will be pruned at the young tree stage. When pruning, in addition to pruning those long branches, we should also pick those thin branches to save some nutrients for healthy branches to grow sturdily.
In mid-May, the sprouting, coring, thinning and binding of fruit trees were started, and the buds on the branches were erased, which can prevent the branches from growing too densely.
fruit thinning begins 2 weeks after flowering, and normal fruits with strong stems and good growth are reserved, and diseased fruits, small fruits, abnormal fruits and over-dense fruits are thinned. Keep 4~5 fruits per branch and 2 weak branches.