Bamboo chicken breeding technology: 1. Breeding and management of breeder chickens

(1) Breeding conditions: If bamboo chickens are raised on free-range feed, there must be poultry houses and sports grounds to make them Not only can you eat and rest quietly, but you can also fly and get natural sunlight. The feeding density in the house is 15 birds/square meter;

(2) Feed and feeding methods: The feed preparation must be reasonable to ensure normal development and not gain weight. The beverage formula is: 42% corn flour, 30% wheat flour, 17% soybean meal, 5% fish meal, 4% stone powder, 1.5% trace elements, and 0.2% rock salt. Additive 0.3%. In addition, add 20 grams of multivitamins for every 100 kilograms of feed, the feeding amount is 30-35 grams per day, and the feed is fed 3 times per mesh;

(3) Management: Drinking water should be fresh and sufficient , the air in the house is fresh. Catching bamboo chickens should be done at night after the lights are turned off. Use a flashlight to illuminate and catch them one by one. Catching bamboo chickens during the day will cause the whole flock to fly away, causing severe stress and even death. The epidemic prevention procedures are as follows: 1 week old chickens are given intranasal injection of Newcastle Disease I series vaccine, 10 weeks old chickens are injected intramuscularly with Chicken City Disease I series vaccine, and another injection of Chicken City Disease I series vaccine is given before laying eggs.

2. Chicken feeding and management

When the bamboo chickens are raised to 28 weeks of age, they will enter the breeding period of bamboo chickens. They were raised in separate cages according to a male to female ratio of 1:3. After adjusting the lighting conditions for beverage production, the bamboo chickens started laying eggs at about 31 weeks old.

1. Breeding conditions: Egg-laying bamboo chickens have strict environmental temperature requirements, which are lower than 5℃ or higher than 30℃. The optimal temperature for egg laying is 16-24℃. Light can promote gonad function. activities to increase egg production rate. The light intensity of the light room in the breeder breeding room should reach 3 watts/square meter. The light bulbs should be hung 2 meters above the ground with appropriate spacing to ensure uniform light distribution. The light time and light intensity should not be too long or too short, too high or too low, as this will affect the egg production rate. The lighting period is 16 hours/day during the laying period, and the lighting period is 8 hours/day during the rest period. The start and rest periods of bamboo chickens can be adjusted according to the feed and light intensity and time. The useful life of bamboo chicken for breeding is generally 2-3 years.

2. Feed: Bamboo chickens do not have high requirements for protein, but they have high requirements for vitamins and trace elements, and the requirements are comprehensive and reasonable. The formula is as follows: corn flour 61.25%, soybean meal 18.59%, wheat flour 10.46%, methionine 0.23%, stone powder 7.38%, salt 0.5%, calcium phosphate 1.09%, trace elements and vitamin premix 0.5%. Feeding fresh maggots can also increase egg production.

3. Hatching: Domestic bamboo chickens are bred by artificial hatching. The incubator can use electricity to incubate, or it can use kerosene lamp incubation or hot water bottle incubation. The hatching eggs must be fresh, well-proportioned, oversized, deformed, and dirty eggs must be easy to remove. The shelf life is generally not more than 7 days. The storage temperature is 10-15℃, and the maximum temperature should not exceed 20℃. The storage humidity is about 65%. Avoid direct sunlight and vibration during the storage period. The eggs must be disinfected before hatching. The method is to place the eggs in a container, add 14 grams of potassium permanganate per cubic meter to make it generate gas, then close the container lid tightly and fumigate for 2 hours.

4. Temperature: The room temperature of the incubation room is maintained at 18-23°C in winter and 23-30°C in summer. The temperature in the incubation room is 37-38°C; the relative humidity is 55%-60% within 7 days, 1- 50%-55% in 10 days. 10-17 days 70%-75%. Turning eggs is very important. Eggs must be turned every 2 hours from hatching to 15 days, otherwise the hatching rate will be greatly reduced. You don’t need to turn the eggs until hatching occurs after 16 days. During the incubation period, you also need to pay attention to drying the eggs. Just dry them to 32-33℃. In the middle period of incubation, the eggs should be dried for 10-15 minutes each time. In the later period or when the weather is hot, the eggs should be dried for 30 minutes each time. No more drying time for 23-24 days. Drying eggs. During the incubation period, the eggs are illuminated twice, with the head shot on the 5th to 6th day and the second shot on the 16th day. After the second shot, the fully developed eggs are transferred into the incubator and continue to incubate until hatching. The egg tray for hatching should be placed flat to prevent squeezing, otherwise it will affect hatching. The hatching tray should be covered with a mesh to prevent the hatched chicks from falling off. The temperature of the hatcher box is 0.5-1℃ lower than the temperature of the incubator. Pay attention to the ventilation of the hatcher after placing the hatcher. Appropriately add water, dish, and increase humidity to facilitate shelling.

The incubation period of bamboo chicken is 17-18 days. After hatching, pick out the young bamboo chickens whose down has dried.

Place them in a chick box. The bottom of the chick box should be heated with soft hay or soft paper. The number of chicks per box is preferably 50-100. For embryos that can peck the shell but are unable to emerge from the shell, artificial midwifery can be performed. Midwifery should be carried out after the allantois blood vessels of the chicks have dried up. Open the hatcher as little as possible to avoid affecting hatching. If the chicks are not hatched within 20 days, we will not accept them.

3. Brooding

The brooding method can be brooding in a plastic greenhouse. The temperature of the chicks in the first week of age is reduced by 10°C, and heating is stopped until it is close to the natural temperature. The relative temperature of brooding temperature is 60%-70% within 1 week of age, and 50%-60% after 1 week of age. During the brooding process, pay attention to ventilation and increase fresh air in the shed while ensuring that the brooding temperature is stable. The density of bamboo chickens is 80 birds/square meter from 1 to 10 days old; 50 birds/square meter from 10 days to 4 weeks old. ; 4 weeks old to 13 weeks old, 25 birds/square meter. Light intensity: From 20 hours after hatching to 1 week old, full-day illumination is implemented with an intensity of 4 watts/square meter; when commercial bamboo chickens are brooding, the light is 20 hours/day and 2 watts/square meter. When brooding in a shed, hazards such as cats and rats must be prevented.

The chicks need to drink water from time to time for 24 days after hatching. First, use 1:3000 potassium permanganate solution to allow them to drink freely. The next day, they will drink 0.5% glucose water for 5 consecutive days, and then use Ennossa. Star (dispense water according to instructions) for 5 days. Food should be started 24 hours after hatching. First feed some broken rice mixed with cooked egg yolk, sesame, etc. You can sprinkle the feed on thick cardboard to guide it. The average feeding amount is 8 grams per day in the first week, and then Gradually increase. After the second week of age, it is changed to full-price feed during the breeding period.

Pheasant breeding technology: 1. Pheasant house construction Pheasant house should be selected in a place that is conducive to drainage, dry, leeward and sunny, has no pollution sources, has convenient transportation and is not close to villages, factories and mines, and is relatively quiet and peaceful. A place with sanitary water and electricity. Each chicken coop is preferably 20-30 square meters. For large-scale breeding, each chicken house is 36 meters long, 4 meters wide and more than 2 meters high. There is an activity venue in front of the chicken house, which is more than 4 meters wide. Each house is separated by nylon mesh or wire mesh, and there is a cover on top to prevent escape. If possible, green isolation belts should be set up between chicken houses. When the weather is hot in summer, you should build a shed or plant plants for shade. 2. Breeding equipment

(1) Pheasants can be hatched using domestic chicken electric incubators.

(2) Brooding equipment includes brooding grids, heat preservation lamps, etc.

(3) Feed barrels for breeding, water dispensers of tower type and square tray type, or automatic drinking devices. 3. Feeding and management According to the growth characteristics of pheasants, their feeding and management can be roughly divided into three stages, namely: brooding period, youth period and adult period.

Brooding period: from hatching to de-warming, generally about 42 days. This stage is the early stage of heat preservation and raising of pheasants, and heat preservation measures need to be taken.

Youth stage: 42 days to 100 days old is called young pheasant. The growth rate is the fastest during this period, and the daily weight gain can reach 10 to 15 grams. If it is used as a meat commodity, it can be put on the market after the breeding period at this stage. Pheasants are omnivorous birds, feeding mainly on plant seeds (such as barley, corn, weed seeds, etc.), tender grasses, vegetables, etc. In order for pheasants to achieve optimal growth, development and reproduction requirements, it is best to provide balanced and nutritious formula feed according to the nutritional needs of pheasants at different stages and growth stages.

Pheasants have smaller crops and less food intake. Therefore, feeding should be done in small amounts and multiple times. Adult pheasants need 70 to 80 grams of standard feed per day, and should be supplemented with an appropriate amount of tender grass or vegetables. 4. Pheasant feed formula (1) Commonly used feed types 1. Energy feed Any feed containing less than 20% protein and less than 18% fiber in dry matter is an energy feed. Among energy feeds, animal and vegetable fats contain the highest energy, followed by cereal seeds and tuber feeds. Cereal feed is the most important energy feed. Commonly used feed grains include corn, sorghum, broken rice, rice, barley, etc. Corn is one of the higher energy feeds among cereal feeds. It has good taste and is easy to digest. When used in combination with feed It often accounts for a large proportion; barley has poor palatability and high crude fiber, so the dosage should not be excessive; bran is a low-energy feed and the amount added should not be too large. 2. Protein feed Protein feed includes two categories: plant-based and animal-based protein feed.

Plant-based protein feeds include various cakes, such as soybean cake, soybean meal, peanut cake, rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, etc. However, rapeseed cake and cottonseed cake contain toxic ingredients, so they must be fed in a restricted manner or undergo detoxification treatment. Then feed; animal protein feed generally refers to by-products of fish, meat and dairy processing and other animal products. Commonly used ones include fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, silkworm pupae, earthworms, fly pupae, etc. Animal protein feed is in Pay attention to its quality when using it to prevent corruption. 3. Mineral feed Mineral feed is a feed that contains relatively specific nutrients, mainly to supplement the mineral deficiencies in natural feed. For example, calcium carbonate, limestone, eggshell powder, etc. are all calcium-containing feeds, specially added to supplement calcium; table salt is used to supplement sodium and chlorine; calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium phosphate, and bone meal are mainly used as sources of phosphorus; iron, copper, Trace elements such as zinc, manganese, selenium, iodine, and cobalt are mainly supplemented with feed-grade salts. 4. Feed additives Feed additives can be divided into two categories: one is nutritional additives, such as amino acids, vitamins and trace element additives; the other is non-nutritional additives, such as antibacterial agents, anti-coccidioidal and anthelmintic agents, and antioxidants With antifungal agents, flavoring agents and colorants, etc. (2) Nutritional requirements Although people are very interested in pheasant production, there are few studies on the nutritional requirements of pheasants. Most domestic pheasant feeds are replaced by broiler feeds and breeder feeds, and self-prepared feeds are also used. The nutritional needs of pheasants vary according to different growth stages. The following standards are recommended based on actual conditions (see Table 1). Table 2-1 Nutritional requirements for pheasants Nutrients 0 to 4 weeks 4 to 8 weeks 9 to 17 weeks Pheasant

Metabolizable energy (MJ/kg) 11.72 11.30 11.72 11.72

Protein (%) 28 24 18 15

Methionine + Cystine (%) 1.0 0.93 0.6 0.6

Lysine (%) 1.5 1.40 0.8 0.68

Calcium (%) 1.0 0.85 0.53 2.5

Available phosphorus 0.55 0.50 ...0.45 0.40 Note: Quoted from the US NRC (1994) Pheasant Feeding Standard Table 2-2 Reference for nutritional requirements of pheasants in various stages in my country Value nutrition during the brooding period, medium-sized chicks, large chicks, egg laying, non-egg production

(0 to 4 weeks) (4 to 12 weeks) (12 weeks to sale) Breeding pheasant Breeding pheasant

Metabolic energy (MJ/kg) 12.13～12.55 12.55 12.55 12.13 12.13-12.55

Crude protein (%) 26-27 22 16 22 17

Methionine + Cystine (%) 1.05 0.9 0.72 0.65 0.65

Lysine (%) 1.45 1.05 0.75 0.80 0.80

Methionine (%) 0.60 0.50 0.30 0.35 0.35

Calcium (%) 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Phosphorus (%) 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.7 Note: Quoted from "Rare Bird Breeding and Utilization Technology". (3) Common feed formulas The feed formulas for pheasants are shown in Table 2-3 and Table 2-4. Compound feeds suitable for the growth of pheasants can be prepared according to the existing local feed conditions.

? Table 3 Feed formula for pheasants (1) (unit: %) Feed 0 to 4 weeks 5 to 9 weeks 10 to 16 weeks Breeding pheasants Off-laying pheasants

Corn 30 38 60 40 62.5 < /p>

Whole wheat flour 10 10 - 10 -

Wheat bran 2.6 4.6 8.5 3.5 1.5

Sorghum 3 30 - - -

Bean cake 25 21 - 15 -

Soybean meal - - 18 - 15

Soybean meal 10 8 - 10 -

Fish meal 12 10 8 12 5

Yeast 5 3 3 5 -

Bone meal 1 1 - 2 -

Shell meal 1 1 2 2 2

Salt 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

Multidimensional 20 20 20 20 20

Trace elements 100 100 100 200 200

Metabolizable energy (MJ/kg) 12.21 12.25 12.16 11.75 11.95

Protein (%) 28 25.2 20.8 24.7 17.9 Note: The units of multidimensional and trace elements are grams/100kg. This information is quoted from the Institute of Specialty Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Table 2-4 Pheasant feed formula (2) (unit: %) Feed for pheasant breeding Pheasant breeding pheasant

Corn 41.6 65.4 57.5

Bran ??2.2 8.8 9.8

Bean cake 37.5 13 12.9

Fish meal 10.8 8.0 9.7

Yeast 5.5 3.0 2.0

Bone meal. 1.2 1.1 0.5

Powder 1.0 0.3 7.2

Salt 0.37 0.37 0.37

Multivitamin 0.02 0.02 0.02 Note: Quoted from the data of the special poultry farm in the western suburbs of Beijing. (4) Precautions for preparing self-prepared feeds When preparing self-prepared feeds, the scientific and economical aspects of formulating the diet must be taken into consideration. Sometimes the diet that is more scientific in production is not necessarily the most economical, so it must be considered when formulating the formula during production. For its economy, pay attention to the following matters when matching the diet: 1. Make the preparation with reference to the feeding standards of pheasants. Combine the production level, health status, climate change and actual feeding effect of the farm, and use it flexibly. Do not copy the feeding standards. Make appropriate adjustments. 2. The diet should comply with the digestive physiological characteristics of pheasants. Pheasants have a low utilization rate of crude fiber. When formulating the diet, it should be considered that the crude fiber content in the diet should not be too high. 3. Make full use of local feed resources. Feed accounts for a large proportion of production costs. When formulating diets, local feed resources should be used as much as possible to reduce feed costs. When selecting feeds, pay attention to the nutritional characteristics of the feeds. Since the same feed raw materials originate from Different, there are often differences in nutritional value, and the price of feed must also be taken into consideration. 4. The feed should be diversified. Various types of feed contain different nutrients. If the feed is of a single variety when formulating the feed, it will be difficult to ensure comprehensive nutrition. Therefore, choose as many types of feed as possible to complement each other in nutrition, which will help improve daily life. Grain digestibility and nutrient utilization. 5. When preparing the feed, attention should be paid to the palatability of the diet. If the content of sorghum, rapeseed cake, etc. is too high, it will affect the palatability of pheasants. It is forbidden to use moldy and contaminated feed. Feed containing toxic substances such as cottonseed cake, Rapeseed cake must be detoxified and fed in limited amounts. 6. The compound feed should remain relatively stable. If the feed type or feed formula needs to be changed, it should be done gradually or with a transition period of several days during feeding, so as not to affect the digestion of special birds due to sudden changes in feed type or formula. function and normal production.