There are great regional differences in Shandong Province, thus forming three systems: coastal Jiaodong cuisine (mainly seafood), inland jinan cuisine, and Confucian cuisine with its own system.
Shandong cuisine pays attention to pure seasoning, tastes fresher than fresh, and has the characteristics of fresh, tender, fragrant and crisp. Pay great attention to the preparation of clear soup and milk soup. Clear soup is fresh, and milk soup is white.
There are more than 30 cooking techniques commonly used in Shandong cuisine, especially frying and roasting. The blasting method pays attention to quick fire and quick explosion; The barbecue technique is original in Shandong cuisine. The raw materials are pickled and sticky, fried on both sides and simmered. The baked product is neat in shape, thick in taste and rotten in juice.
Shandong's special snacks mainly include: braised rabbit head in Mengyin, fried mountain ox in Yishui, donkey meat in Guangrao kiln, fried Jiang Miao with soybean oil in Yishui, fried cicada soft-shelled turtle in Linyi, whole lamb in Yishui cauldron, pancake in Yishui, fried white scaly fish in Yishui, fried pancake in clear oil, oil swirl, eight batches of fruit, fried cake with rose sugar, steamed stuffed bun with five kernels, spring cake and shredded chicken wonton. Jingzhi Golden Noodles, Shanxian and Tengzhou Mutton Soup, Fried Noodles with Crispy Eggs, Fish Dumplings, Bean Juice Porridge, Shredded Chicken Noodles, Chicken Soup Lehe, Linyi Powder, Tengzhou Powder, Chaotian Pot, Lotus Leaf Porridge, Tengzhou Cuisine, Babao Tea Soup, Guazhe, Stone Spinning Cake, etc. The gestation of its dramatic art can be traced back to Qilu State more than two thousand years ago.
In the Sui Dynasty, Qi advocated fame and fortune in the whole country, and in the Tang Dynasty, Shandong joined the army. It can be said that the long-term popular activities of singing, dancing, singing and dancing are an indispensable and important process for the development of Lu Opera. After the formation of Song Zaju, it also spread to Shandong. At the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Zaju, a traditional opera form sung with northern music, came into being. Shandong is one of the main hot areas. There are 28 Lu playwrights recorded in Ghost Record by Zhong Sicheng in Yuan Dynasty and Ghost Record Continuation by Jia in early Ming Dynasty, among which 4 are good at singing. The most prosperous place of traditional drama in China is Dongping. There are 65,438+00 Yuan Song writers in Shandong, such as Gao Wenxiu and Zhang Shiqi. The most prominent is Gao Wenxiu, whose work "Black Whirlwind Double Sacrifice" is deeply loved by the people.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Lu Opera entered a period of vigorous development. Li Kaixian's Sword and Kong's Peach Blossom Fan have made outstanding achievements and have the greatest influence. In terms of performances, there are more professional troupes and frequent activities.
By the middle of Qing Dynasty, dozens of different dramas were active in Shandong at the same time. It can be roughly divided into bangzi drama, chord drama, elbow drum drama and so on.
At present, there are more than 30 kinds of traditional operas popular in Shandong, which can be roughly divided into Bangzi Opera, Sixian Opera, Elbow Drum Opera and traditional operas formed by folk songs and dances and rap.
Henan Opera, Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Jujube Bangzi, Liangjia County, Donglu Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi are popular in Shandong. Popular areas include Heze, Jining, Linyi, Zaozhuang, Tai 'an, Jinan, Liaocheng, Dezhou, Laiwu and Binzhou. Zhang Lan, Zhu and Zhu, the actors of Henan Opera who won the Plum Blossom Award, are still active on the stage all over Shandong.
Chord tune is a kind of folk ballad, which goes through the chorus stage and then develops into a traditional opera tune. Due to the differences in spreading areas and accompanying instruments, and influenced by other arts, silk stringed instruments have formed different styles of traditional operas, among which Liu Zi Opera, Heizi Opera and Luozi Opera are very popular in Shandong. Liu Zi Opera, known as "Liu Dong", is one of the most popular and influential operas in Xianqiang. Representative plays include Li Yaxian's Four Clothes, Diexin's The Story of Four Clothes, Yingying's Four Clothes and Li Sanniang's Four Clothes.
Elbow drum tune is a traditional opera tune based on the popular ancient painting Yangko, with sissy as the main tune. The operas included are Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Qiang Mao Opera, Liu Qiang Opera, Deng Qiang Opera and Donglu Elbow Drum.
The operas developed from rap are: Lu Opera, Pendant Opera, Yugu Opera, Eight Immortals Opera, Languan Opera and so on.
On 200 1, Linqing, Shandong Province successfully held the first National Peking Opera Fans Art Festival. Yuan Shihai, a famous Peking Opera performer, called Linqing, Shandong "the hometown of Peking Opera". [Edit this paragraph] Festivals and exhibitions Cultural and economic festivals and exhibitions in Shandong are organized according to the information of websites such as Shandong Tourism Information Network.
Name and date of the festival exhibition.
Weihai International Habitat Festival September 27th-September 29th.
Yuhuangding Temple Fair in Yantai February 16-22
Qingdao Haiyun Temple Sugar Ball Festival from February 28th to March 3rd.
September China Linyi Scholar Culture Festival
April Jining Liangshan International Water Margin Culture Festival
Tai 'an Dongyuehui Temple Fair April 1-3
April 5-15 Peach Blossom Festival in Feicheng, Tai 'an.
Zibo International Ceramic Glass Art Festival, April 16-22.
Spring Festival outing in Kunyu Mountain, Yantai April 16 to 28.
Yantai Longkou International Xufu Cultural Festival April 18-20
Yantai Laiyang Pear Flower Festival April 20th
Zhuge Liang Cultural Festival in Linyi, China in May
April 20th Qingdao International Marathon
Qingdao Cherry Blossom Festival in the Middle and Late April
Weifang International Kite Festival April 20-25
Zibo Green Blue Sand International Beer Festival June 16-27
Linyi China Mall Convention and Exhibition Center September
Weifang Shouguang International Vegetable Science and Technology Expo will be held from April 20th to May 20th.
Heze International Peony Flower Fair April 22-28
Rizhao "Wulianchun" Rhododendron Festival from April 24th to May 6th.
From April 28th to May 8th, the folk tour of Yantai Moushi Manor.
Liaocheng Jiangbei Shuicheng Cultural Tourism Festival is from April 30th to May 8th.
Zibo International Liaozhai Cultural Tourism Festival is from April 30th to May 8th.
Binzhou Boxing International Opera Art Festival may 1 may 10.
Yantai Colorful Food Festival May 4-8
Yantai Long Island "Fisherman's Music" Folk Culture Tourism Festival May 5 -7
Yantai Laizhou Chinese Rose Festival May 25th
Dongying Kenli Yellow River Estuary Cultural Tourism Festival September 2
China Guangrao Sunzi International Cultural Festival in September.
(Dongying) September Yellow River International Forum
Jinan International Art Song Festival is held once a month from May to 65438+ 10.
Shandong Merchants Conference June 6-8
Hu Ming Lotus Festival in Jinan runs from June 30th to August 20th.
Qingdao Ocean Festival July 12-20
July-August Laiwu Anti-flu Eco-tourism Festival.
Qingdao Golden Beach Cultural Tourism Festival runs from August 3rd to 1 1.
Qingdao International Beer Festival runs from August 17 to September 1.
Yantai Penglai "Ode to Peace" International Youth Culture and Art Festival August 20-25
Qingdao Dazeshan Grape Festival September 1-3
Taishan International Mountaineering Festival from September 6th to 10.
Qingdao Fashion Week runs from September 6th to 10.
Yantai Changyu International Wine Festival runs from September 7th to 10.
Laiwu Iron and Steel Expo September, 65438+ 10
Tengzhou Wetland Red Lotus Festival
Wenshang Prince Mausoleum Cultural Festival [Editor's paragraph] Shandong, a celebrity of Qilu, is one of the birthplaces of Zhuge Liang's ancient Chinese characters. As far as academic thoughts are concerned, there are Mozi, Zheng Xuan and Zhong Changtong.
In politics and military affairs, there are Yan Ying, Sima Yi and Qi Jiguang.
There are Zuo Qiuming, Qiao Hua, Cui Hong and Ma Zi in history.
In literature, there are Kong Rong, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Zuo Si, Bao Zhao, Zhang, Feng Weimin, Li Kaixian, Confucius and Wang Shizhen.
In art, there are Li Cheng, Gao, etc.
In science and technology, there are Lu Ban, Liu Hong, He Chengtian, wang pu, Wang Zhen and Yan Su. In medicine, there are Bian Que, Chunyu Kun and Wang Shuhe.
Their thoughts, theories, wisdom and academic achievements constitute an important part of China's traditional culture, which has a wide and far-reaching impact on the development of China culture.
Confucius "Wen Sheng", a great thinker and educator in ancient China, founded Confucianism, which had a far-reaching influence on later China.
Sun Wu, a "soldier saint", was a famous strategist in ancient China. Sun Tzu's Art of War has a wide influence in the world.
"Book Sage", a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wang Xizhi.
Guan Zi, a famous economist in Qi State.
In Shandong history, there are also representatives of Confucianism, Mencius and Ceng Zi.
Jia Sixie, an ancient agronomist, is famous for The Book of Qi Yao Min.
Sun Bin, an ancient military scientist famous for Sun Bin's Art of War.
Zhuge Liang was a famous figure in the Three Kingdoms period, and was revered by the people of China as the embodiment of wisdom.
Liu Xie is a literary theorist who is famous for Wen Xin Diao Long.
Xin Qiji is a famous representative of the unrestrained poets in Song Dynasty.
Li Qingzhao, a representative of graceful and restrained poets in Song Dynasty.
Pu Songling, a famous writer in Qing Dynasty, wrote a collection of short stories called Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.
Yan Zhenqing was a famous calligrapher in Tang Dynasty.
Zhang Zeduan, a famous painter in Song Dynasty, is the author of The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.
Gander was a famous astronomer in the Warring States Period. He and Shi Shen, a poet of the Song Dynasty, jointly wrote The Classic of Shigan Stars, which contains the earliest sunspot records in the world.
Fan Sheng Zhi, an ancient scientist.
Single father, according to legend, shàn Volume was an influential political leader and clan leader among Dongyi people who lived in Heze in the late ancient times.
Qi Jiguang was a famous anti-Japanese general, national hero, strategist and martial artist in Ming Dynasty.
Zhang Zizhong, a famous anti-Japanese general and national hero. For details, please visit Baidu's entry: Shandong