1. How can I develop an interest in memorizing vocabulary? \x0d\\ Any interest arises for no more than two reasons: one is utilitarian, the other is pure fun. You want to pass the sixth grade, bring 20 sets of questions from the past ten years, turn out the original reading and listening; \x0d\ Hold a paper dictionary (I recommend the Collins dictionary with five-star word frequency marking of words), look up the raw words one by one, and except for the more academic vocabulary, memorize them carefully one by one. \x0d\ You will find that the repetition rate of raw words in each set of papers is very high, and every raw word is useful. If it's not for the exam, but because of interest, then you go and get a copy of your favorite reading material. Some people like Harry Potter;\x0d\ Some people like Sense and Sensibility, Wuthering Heights, and some people like The Economist. You really want to read it because you like it, so you see a vocabulary word in the way and you get so angry that you have to destroy it. So you want to look up a subtext and you want to memorize it. \x0d\ If you don't have a goal or passion for either of these things, then you shouldn't memorize words. The world is full of scholars, so you don't have to take it out on English. \x0d\ 2. How many words can you memorize and be free? \x0d\ Learning English is a prison sentence, and when you get out is related to how many words you have in your vocabulary reserves. When you memorize to that point, you break out of the atmosphere and float up to release! \x0d\ Collins series of dictionaries to engage in word bank, that is, the thesaurus, put forward a "95% theory": in the dictionary of the words according to the five-star to one-star standard grading, and claimed that, after memorizing all of this, you will be able to 95% of the ability to deal with reading! \x0d\\ That is to say, reading can reach the level of only five out of every 100 words do not know. \x0d\ Later, I was impressed by a number of papers by Paul Nation, a linguist from New Zealand. He said that 98% is the way to go. 98% means that for every 50 words you look at, only one is unrecognizable, which makes it essentially unaffected reading. \x0d\ According to the English line average of 13 words, that is to read four lines only have a vocabulary word, proper! 95% of that standard is still not good, 20 words in one do not recognize, that is less than two lines will come across a vocabulary word, can not read on ah! \x0d\ After a lot of research, Paul Nation concluded that in order to reach the 98% standard, you need to master 9,000 words to read a novel and 8,000 words to read a newspaper. \x0d\\ I couldn't agree more. Everyone's vocabulary should be around 3,000 words at an average level, which works out to 6,000 more words to memorize. \x0d\ 3. What exactly is the purpose of memorizing words? \x0d\ We often say that we do not forget the original intention, we are obviously Chinese, nothing must say foreign languages, memorize foreign vocabulary, what do you want? What is the original intention? \x0d\\ The original intention is either to pass the exam or to enjoy the English language itself. But in any case, learning to use, mastering words is to understand the discourse, in order to use in the two input activities of reading and listening, in order to quickly and accurately catch the main idea that the other party wants to express. \x0d\ There has never been a test on words in the purest sense of the word, English exams are dependent on words in the context of the overall language. \x0d\ Take TOEFL reading for example. The more critical skill for a candidate to answer the right question is to quickly and accurately identify the main idea of the article and figure out what the article is actually saying. \x0d\ Catch the center of the whole text, catch the general idea of the passage, make sense of the general vein of the article - to be able to do these, the question will not be difficult to answer. There are two problems that affect candidates' ability to capture the main idea accurately. \x0d\\ One is that candidates are weak in interpreting long sentences. After there are insertions such as definite clauses, participles and prepositional structures between the subject and the object, the structure of the sentence is complicated and the candidates will not be able to see the main body of the sentence. \x0d\ This aspect requires you to sort out your grammar knowledge and do some memorization and translation exercises. Another problem is the lack of vocabulary mastery. \x0d\ Some candidates are seeing a certain word simply do not know its meaning, and some other candidates are even more troublesome, they will take A as B, or do not know that A also has the meaning of A2, A3, A4. \x0d\ All you need to do to grasp the meaning of a word is to interpret the meaning of the word "here" in its context. \In a sentence like "The king and queen are the leading figures of the age", figure does not mean "figure", "stature" or "image". ", "figure", but "character", and age is not "age", but "era". Age" is not "age", it's "era". \x0d\ This is not a problem that can be solved by memorizing lists in a vocabulary book. In a sentence such as "The king of France used every means to push French territory into the southern Mediterranean", candidates must understand that means here has nothing to do with "meaning", but rather "means". It is the meaning of "means". \x0d\ Another problem in learning English words is that people see contrast as contact and ease as ease; \x0d\ or they fail to understand the meaning of considerably wealthier in the phrase "this country is considerably wealthier than that country". Or you can't understand the meaning of "this country is considerably wealthier than that country" (considerably in this context has nothing to do with "consider", but means "greatly, very much"). \x0d\\ Memorizing vocabulary is not simply memorizing lists, but returning to the original language. Foreigners say: "No context, no text." Only in the context, the words are alive, will be vivid. \x0d\ 4. What kind of words to memorize? \x0d\\ Usually we can categorize vocabulary into the following four groups. \x0d\ One is the most popular words. Beijingers say "颠儿了", which means "goodbye". This word is a bit like English slang, which not everyone understands or knows how to use. \x0d\ NBU professor Chen Dezhang wrote in his book "I heard him driving his pigs to market" (I heard him snoring). \x0d\\ In my years as an interpreter, no one has ever said such a thing to me, and I don't dare to say it to anyone else. Why? Because it is slang. If you don't know the background culture well enough, you don't dare to use this kind of expression. \x0d\ Secondly, colloquial words. For example, we don't say much, foreigners like the reflexive question sentence, is very oral characteristics. \x0d\ And, for example, when Chinese people say "dismissal", the most common expression is "fire squid", foreigners often say be fired in colloquial language, and the more common expression is get the ax, which is slang. \x0d\ Thirdly, relatively formal and academic vocabulary. Most of everyone's word problems are in this area. We usually say get worse, but foreigners use deteriorate in the news. \x0d\ We think we can just tell the difference, but foreigners have to use distinguish. To express "experience", although TOEFL also uses "experience", it is often undergo.\x0d\ To express "emergence", you can use either appear or emerge.\x0d\ To express "the power of emperors and generals, especially political and military power", you should use might. To express "the power of the emperor and generals (especially political and military power)", you should use might, but don't interpret the meaning of might as "may". \x0d\ Fourthly, disciplinary terms. This kind of vocabulary mainly refers to the terminology in a certain specialty. For example, the word "tuck" means "to tuck in" in colloquial speech, which is very common in American TV shows. \x0d\ In the rules of soccer, there is a phrase: "The player should tuck the shirt into the shorts. The meaning of tuck in this sentence is slightly more written. \x0d\ but the soccer coach, when calling practice, yells to the four defenders, "Tuck in!" This is jargon for "tuck in, tuck in!" There are many vocabulary words in the TOEFL exam, such as chlorophyll (chlorophyll), the Pleistocene (Pleistocene), etc. If you don't specialize in these words, you can get a sense of what they mean through the context. \x0d\ So, my advice to you is that for slang words, if you don't understand the culture, you are advised not to learn them. \x0d\\ In American dramas, especially the more life-like ones, there are more slang words, so don't learn this one. The spoken vocabulary should be learned, and easy to get started, Chinese people go abroad, only the pronunciation is not standard, not the spoken language can not suffocate. \x0d\ As for subject terminology, after clarifying what test to take and what to do, you can determine whether to learn, how much to learn and how deep to learn according to the needs and relevant requirements. \x0d\\ The 6,000 or so words that you don't know very well are mostly written, formal, and academic words that are common in foreign school textbooks, reading materials, newspapers and magazines. Therefore, this kind of vocabulary is the focus of memorization. \x0d\ 5, I memorized these 6,000 words is a cowman? \x0d\\ The answer to this question is "No". The shorter the words, the better they look, the more popular they are with foreigners. That's why they're always adding new meanings to these words. \x0d\ For example, the word spring, the first time I saw it, it meant "spring", and until the 18th time I saw it, it meant "spring". Then one day I read Ernest Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea" and the word suddenly changed to "spring". \x0d\ When we met for the 27th time, the word appeared on a drink bottle and it meant "spring". It was devastating. \x0d\\ These 6,000 words are like two types of people. There are the good people, the words that mean the same thing in all their interpretations, but take on different aspects in different contexts. \x0d\ and the other category is the bad guys, these words have many meanings and at first glance have little to do with each other and are not so easy to memorize. \x0d\ For example, the word speculation, originally means "guess", but later I read business articles and realized that it also means "speculation". \x0d\ After two days I do TOEFL reading, the article about the 12th century Europe, talking about the time when southern Europe is the center of talent, a variety of disciplines blossomed, science, mathematics, poetry, law, historical documents, translation, and religious speculation, I looked up half a dozen times, and found that this phrase was originally "religious thinking I looked it up and found that the phrase originally meant "religious speculation". \x0d\ These three meanings would have been hard to figure out quickly if I hadn't come across them on different occasions and memorized them each time, just by guessing. \x0d\ So to master these 6,000 or so words, conservatively speaking, you'd have to memorize 15,000 meanings, which isn't too different from memorizing the same number of words. \x0d\ 6. How to memorize words? \x0d\ In your left hand you hold a large bilingual Collins dictionary, in your right hand you hold a long notebook with a willing article in the center. \x0d\ This is the equivalent of holding a fork in your left hand and a knife in your right, but the key is that you have to love this plate of Western food in the middle. Turn to the real exams, find the reading article and the original listening text, and check every high-frequency vocabulary word you see. \x0d\ If it is a novel, open the first page, read on, for you if the vocabulary exceeds eight, the book you do not want to read. \x0d\ because the author of the book is trying to demonstrate a level of writing that is too high for your current reading ability. You should go for a grounded book or you won't be able to read it at all. \x0d\ Would you like to read a novel where you look up 60 words and still not get out of the first three pages? The main character a **** eight, just came out of one, monologue ah stream of consciousness or whatever before the end of the 60 vocabulary words have appeared, life is worse than death ah! \x0d\ So it's best to get a book that matches your English level, with no more than eight words on the first page that you can reach on your tiptoes. \x0d\ Don't see the vocabulary can't hold fire, the first time you see don't check, the total amount of this night's reading to be forced out, it's called intensive reading with extensive reading. \x0d\\ and wait for the second time the word appeared and then check, shows that this is a high-frequency words ah, must check it, this is called general reading in the intensive reading. \x0d\\ Coarse and fine, fine and coarse, quality and quantity. If a certain vocabulary on the emergence of a head, the mood is good to point it once, not good to put the past. \x0d\ 7. What's the point of jotting down so many messy explanations of a word into a small book? \x0d\ A word has many meanings, but remember, there are only two meanings to memorize in your book: the first meaning of the word in the entry and the meaning of the word in its context at the moment. \x0d\ To treat each word as kindly as you sow it, give it air, sun and water, i.e. memorize its pronunciation, meaning and collocation. In this way, you plant it in your head. \x0d\ 8. Pronunciation Remember what? \x0d\ When memorizing pronunciation, stress, pronunciation of vowels in words, and strange sounds that deviate from the regularity of pronunciation are the main focuses of memorization, which can be simplified as "stress, vowels, and strange". \x0d\ For example, the word editorial needs to be marked with an accent on the letter t, otherwise it is easy to mispronounce. Then again, I've been mispronouncing fundamental for years, and this a in da, should be pronounced [?] , not [i], people can mark this vowel. \x0d\ At the same time, we are reminded not to copy the phonetic symbols of each word, which is very time-consuming and easy to miss the point. \x0d\ 9, word frequency how to use? \x0d\\ When memorizing words you need to know which words are worth memorizing and which words are too low-frequency, and it is likely that you will meet this day and never see them again in this life. \x0d\ Collins Dictionary has many editions, and the best edition is the one that labels words with five stars for word frequency. Five stars are the highest frequency and one star is the lowest. \x0d\ The other day I took my student to look up the word available and found that its word frequency was actually five stars, on the same level as the, and more common than the four-star apple. Both of us were devastated, and the students rushed to memorize the word examples. \x0d\ 10, word meanings and collocations how to memorize? \x0d\ Should I memorize the English explanation of the word? This needs to compare the Chinese interpretation with the English interpretation, there is no certain rule. \x0d\ For example, the word sparrow, we can remember the meaning of "sparrow" is very good, its English interpretation is "a small brown bird, very common in many parts of the world The English explanation is "a small brown bird, very common in many parts of the world", if you only look at this English explanation, I guess you think half a day can not think of what bird. \x0d\ We have to compare the Chinese interpretation with the English interpretation to see which one is easier to remember and which one is more meaningful to memorize. \x0d\ Remember the word collocation is to remember the word before and after what followed, do not need to copy down the example sentences. Only if you know the word long and what collocation, you can know where and how to use this word. \x0d\ 11. Don't always go back and look up the same word. \x0d\ I liked to read English novels when I was in college, and when I came across words I didn't know, I looked them up in the dictionary, which was very discouraging at one point. I had a habit then of looking up the word and marking it in the dictionary. \x0d\ Later I realized that the marked words always went back to be looked up again, mainly because I didn't memorize the pronunciation, meaning, and collocation of the word at once. \x0d\ Of course, we can look up a word over and over again, but make sure that last time you memorized one side of it, and this time you need it to turn around and remember the other side. \x0d\ For example, contend followed by with means "have to cope with"; contend followed by for means "fight"; contend followed by that means "claim, assert"; contend followed by "claim"; contend followed by "claim"; contend followed by "claim"; contend followed by "claim"; contend followed by "claim"; contend followed by "claim, assert". "to claim, to assert". \x0d\ 12. When is a word memorized? \x0d\\ Remembering words requires two opportunities. \First, you find it while reading, you "plant" it in your notebook, you give it air, sunlight and water, and it takes root and sprouts. \On the second or third day, you see it again, and you can immediately respond to its meaning, and you will never forget it. \x0d\ Secondly, not all the words you "plant" will be encountered in the future, so you have to memorize them by "outputting" them. \x0d\\ That is to say, you memorize the words in the book back and forth, sometimes writing and drawing, output on paper, sometimes reading and spitting on the book. \x0d\ Completing the process of inputting from your eyes, saving it in your head, and finally outputting it with your hands and mouth, the word is almost yours. Look forward to the encounter. \x0d\ 13. Do words all have to be memorized so painstakingly? \x0d\\ Effective ways of memorizing words all share the **** same characteristic of coming from the context and going back to the context, with the process in between requiring you to keep yourself busy. \x0d\ You work hard on it, and it stays on you. Be good to one at a time, look at it and study it carefully. \x0d\\ Those lists look so cute, but those words are not what you look up, and if you "kiss" each other's "brains" a few hundred times a night, they won't be true to you, and of course you won't be able to remember them. \x0d\ 14, I'm so serious about memorizing it? x0d\ (compose); ③ familiar words, only see one side of the word, do not know that there is another side or several sides of the word; ④ unfamiliar with the phrase, originally individual words are recognized, but combined into a phrase with a new meaning do not recognize. \x0d\ Fighting hard against the above four situations, making clear clues in your own head of glue, and carefully memorizing the sound, shape, and meaning of each word, one after the other. This is a tiring job, a big test. \x0d\ 15, how long does it take for the words to pass? \x0d\ If you read a 200-300 page English book for two weeks, an average of four hours a night, roughly 20-30 pages a day, an average of 2-3 words per page, you can memorize 600 high-frequency words in one book. \x0d\ This way, in two years, you can read 52 books of reading, *** counting more than 30,000 words. Deducting 50% for repetition and patting your head, that's 15,000 meanings. \x0d\\ Another pat on the head, discounting 6,000 words, plus the high school vocabulary that would have been there, should amount to 9,000 to 10,000 words. \x0d\ In conclusion, everyone who can ensure that they spend four hours a day focused on learning English, according to the above rhythm, after two years can basically realize language freedom. It's just that many times, we don't stick to it. \x0d\ You said two years is too long. Then extend the time you spend studying English every day. At the earliest, it can't be less than a year, right? Otherwise the mastery will not be solid. \x0d\ If you set specific goals, English learning kicks in earlier. I've been in the English training industry for almost 13 years, I've seen a lot of English learners, among them, in addition to the goals of major exams; \x0d\ such as the college entrance exams, TOEFL, IELTS, very few of them are serious about sticking to the English study for two years, always looking forward to a quick success, short-term not to see the effect on the abandonment. This is a big taboo in learning English.