There are three kinds of lice parasitic on human body: body lice, head lice and pubic lice, among which body lice are the most important, and they are the main media to spread epidemic rash, cold, tick-borne fever and trench fever. Give a simple explanation on the types of lice:
First, body lice:
Commonly known as: clothing lice, gray or gray-white, slightly olive-shaped head, thoracic fusion can not be distinguished, there are a pair of pores on both sides of the middle chest. The abdomen is long and flat, divided into 9 sections, with 7 sections visible in appearance, with a pair of air holes on both sides of each section. The tail end of the abdomen of the male louse is blunt, and the tail end of the female louse is forked, which looks like a W shape.
Second, head lice
The body color is dark, the body size is small, the abdominal edge is dark black, and others are similar to body lice.
Third, crabs
Gray, almost equal in body width and length, short in abdomen, inconspicuous in segmentation, with verrucous protrusions on both sides, with the last pair as the largest, small in front legs and thick in middle and rear legs.
harm
When lice bite the human body, the saliva secreted into the human skin makes the skin itchy, and scratching and scratching with hands can damage the skin, which in turn leads to secondary infection and abscess. When sucking blood, lice can also spread many diseases. Body lice and head lice are considered to be the main vectors of epidemic typhus and relapsing fever, and body lice can also spread trench fever. When there is a war or natural disaster, due to the decline of health level, the population is relatively concentrated, which is more conducive to the spread of diseases by lice. In addition, tick-borne diseases occur frequently in winter, which is related to personal hygiene.
Onset symptoms
(1) Itching: Itching is the main symptom, but the degree of itching varies from person to person. Itching is caused by crabs stabbing holes or piercing holes in the skin with claws, and itching occurs only when lice bite and inject saliva. The crabs inject saliva when sucking blood because saliva can prevent blood coagulation and is beneficial to sucking blood. The crabs suck blood several times a day, so the itching is paroxysmal.
(2) Insects or eggs: crabs can be found at the root of hair follicles, which are light black, grayish white or red (full of blood). Some patients can directly find small particles of eggs.
(3) Rash: There are often micropores (invisible to the naked eye) at the bite of crabs, which are locally red with small red spots and blood scabs on them; After about 5 days at the micropore, allergic reaction occurred locally, and papules often appeared in the uplift. Infection often occurs due to scratching, such as pustules, exudation and scabbing.
(4) Blue-gray spots: A blue-gray spot of 0.2 ~ 2 cm in size can be seen near the affected area, which is painless and does not fade when pressed, and can last for several months. This blue-gray spot can also be seen in the chest, abdomen, inner thigh and other places. The cause of this blue-gray spot is still unclear, which may be related to the saliva entering the blood when the crabs bite.
The above symptoms are different according to the degree of illness. Patients can refer to their own symptoms, and some or all of them can determine that you are suffering from pubic lice disease.
Elimination method
hair (on the human body and head)
Shaving off the hair with lice and thoroughly cleaning the skin can completely remove the lice on it. To kill lice in hair with drugs, we should choose drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity, and Miao Rentang biological spray can be used. You can also wash your hair with 10% Stemona decoction first, then wrap your hair with a towel soaked in liquid medicine overnight, and wash your hair with clear water the next morning. You can also wet your hair with 25% 100% ethanol (alcohol) solution every week, and it will work twice. When there are lice on the hair, dilute the liquid medicine with water 100 times, soak the hair with 30 to 50 ml of diluent, and wash the hair with clean water for half an hour, so as to continue for 3 days. There are crabs on pubic hair. You can apply 25% Stemona ethanol (alcohol) solution to it, or you can mix 10% acetic acid solution with the same amount of kerosene to apply it.
Underwear sheets
These items can be boiled in water 10 minutes or so. If clothes (such as woolen clothes) are not resistant to damp and heat, they can also be dry-cleaned.
Outside the human body
You can use 4 ml of 50% dichlorvos emulsion, add 500 ml of water, and then spray it on it. You can also dip a brush into 4 ml of 50% dichlorvos emulsion, and draw lines vertically and horizontally on clothes and bedding with lice, with the distance between lines of 10 cm (3 inches). Then the clothes and bedding are rolled up or folded, and the lice inside can be killed after 2 hours.
head
Head lice disease refers to a disease in which lice are parasitic in children's hair. The main symptoms are: scalp itching, especially when strenuous exercise or head is heated. Inspection shows that tiny white crystal lice eggs are closely attached to the hair roots. Unlike dandruff, it can't be easily removed. Head lice disease is an infectious disease, which is often caused by children's contact with lice carriers. Lice is a small insect that can fly to other people's scalp through contact. Adult lice lay eggs at the root of hair and hatch into lice two weeks later. Lice parasitize the hair and grow by biting the scalp and sucking the blood of the human body. When it bites the scalp, the child will feel itchy. Because lice make people itch and uneasy, and they are highly contagious, they must be cured in time.
Prevention and treatment When a child is found to have head lice disease, parents can generally do the following work: If they find that the child is always scratching his head, especially when the head is heated, they should check the child's hair and carefully see if there are white crystal-like things attached to the hair roots that are not easy to remove. If you have seen lice eggs after checking your child's hair, you should go to the drugstore to buy a medicine to remove lice eggs. Wash your child's hair according to the instructions, and keep the medicine on your hair overnight to ensure that all the lice eggs can be killed. Because some lice remover will have allergic reaction to asthma patients, you should read the relevant instructions carefully before using it. If this medicine is not suitable for your child, you should replace it with another medicine.
Because head lice are easily contagious, in order to prevent the resurgence of head lice among family members, it is best for the whole family to wash their hair in the same way when using lice remover for children. The daily necessities used by children's heads, such as combs and hats, should be carefully cleaned with anti-tick detergent to avoid future troubles. Seven days later, the child and the whole family washed their hair again. If the child's head lice are still not eradicated after taking the above measures, or parents will not confirm whether the child has head lice, and the child is always scratching his head, then he should take the child to the hospital for medical treatment.