First, the pepper plants are lush, and when the water shortage is serious, the leaves fall off after watering.
With the growth of pepper plants, the branches and leaves become more lush. In summer, the sun usually comes out at 7 o'clock in the morning and stays up until 6 o'clock in the afternoon. However, after the sun goes down, the residual heat in the soil is still very hot, that is to say, when the sun shines in summer, the growth of peppers planted in the open air suffers from more than 10 hours of heat every day, and the water vapor in pepper leaves evaporates quickly and much more.
If you water the pepper as before or water it every 5-7 days, you can't meet the needs of pepper plant growth and water vapor evaporation. Originally, the leaves were a little awkward after a day of sun exposure, so you didn't water them. After seeing the pepper plants grow all night, they are uncomfortable only when the sun is exposed during the day, which is considered to be the influence of exposure. In fact, high temperature exposure is the direct cause, and the more important reason is that you didn't water the pepper plants in time. The water shortage of pepper plants is already serious, so you should water them later. Pepper itself has limited water absorption and slow recovery. However, even if you water some leaves that were seriously short of water before, it is difficult to recover. But the petiole of the leaf gradually separates from the branches and leaves, which is why the more you water it, the more the leaves fall off.
Then what should be done properly?
1. High temperature exposure is a direct effect on pepper leaves. Even in the flowering and fruiting period, peppers don't need to bask in the sun from early morning to evening in summer. Generally, in places where peppers are planted, there are few obstacles or no shelter, and the light is sufficient. We can reduce exposure by pulling the sunshade net; For example, from 10 in the morning to 4: 00 in the afternoon, the light is particularly fierce, so we can use a sunshade net to shade the sun during this time, and other time periods will not affect the lighting demand of peppers.
2. There is no fixed frequency for watering according to the growth of pepper; In hot summer, peppers grow vigorously and can be watered frequently. For example, after using sunshade nets, water them every 2-3 days. If you don't use sunshade nets, you may need to water them once a day. How often depends on the soil conditions. If the soil has poor water storage capacity, it is best to water it once a day or two. For example, the vegetable fields where peppers were planted in rural areas last year had no sunshade net and sandy soil. This kind of soil is very hot and absorbs heat quickly.
3, watering, of course, can not be poured casually, improper practice, watering has little effect; Combined with the summer weather, the sun rises early to speed up the evaporation of water vapor. The soil is still hot at night, so it is recommended to water it after 7 pm. At six o'clock in the evening, it is an important period of soil heat dissipation, so don't water it in a hurry.
If the pepper field is near your home, it is more convenient to water it after 7 pm, but if it is a distant vegetable field, it is more troublesome. What should you do? It is suggested that drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation be used in pepper field. After finishing the treated pipes with small holes at the scene, just turn on the switch for a certain period of time and then turn it off. Drip irrigation, as its name implies, can not only meet the water demand of pepper, but also save manpower and material resources without wasting water. Sprinkler irrigation also sprays water at the root, only through small holes, which produces more water each time than drip irrigation, and the watering time is faster.
4. The lush pepper plants will only be watered when they are seriously defoliated due to lack of water. At this time, the watering is mainly based on root watering. A large number of leaves topple under hydraulic impact, which is easy to accelerate leaf branching. Moreover, pepper leaves that are seriously short of water are difficult to absorb, and the water absorption is very small. It is enough to gently spray the lower stems and leaves.
Second, the soil is hardened, so it is difficult to infiltrate when watering, and the leaves will fall when watering.
When planting peppers, people generally choose loose and breathable soil. However, even if the soil meets this condition, it may not be good. The soil is barren and has not been loosened for a long time. The soil in open-field pepper field is easy to harden into lumps (this usually happens in pepper field after transplanting and planting for a period of time, not in nursery). Even if it is watered, it is difficult to penetrate underwater, and the soil around the root of pepper will wet the surface. Under the scorching sun in summer, it is easy to grow leaves, but even if you see leaves, it is so hot during the day, and the leaves and stems of peppers are hot to the touch. How dare you spray water directly? When the soil cools down at night, the soil layer stores less water and the pepper absorbs less water, which can not fully meet the needs of the whole plant. After that, the second and third days are still sunny, and the effect of watering every day is still very small, so there is no need to shed leaves afterwards.
What should be done properly?
In addition to pulling the sunshade net mentioned above, it is necessary to loosen the soil and fertilize it; After the pepper field is watered and moistened, loosen the soil. Don't dig directly, it is very difficult to dig, and the hard lumps dug out are easy to break the root system of pepper. When digging, don't be too close to the root system to avoid accidental injury; Of course, if it rains, it is more appropriate to loosen the soil for a day or two after the rain stops, so it is loose and not sticky.
After that, the soil around the root of pepper is slightly opened, and decomposed dry manure such as pig manure fragments, cow manure fragments and chicken manure is applied; If there is no such manure, plant ash or outdoor soil with a lot of shoveling trees (this kind of soil is rich in humus, loose and breathable, and has good water and fertilizer conservation) can also be used, but plant ash is relatively dry and has a large water absorption, which can loosen the soil layer, but it needs to be watered more when pouring roots.
Third, the disease of pepper leads to defoliation.
Pepper sometimes has some diseases in its growth. Excluding the above management negligence, there are many fallen leaves, and peppers may get sick. When common diseases occur, not only leaves have symptoms, but also underground roots have certain manifestations. After all, roots should provide water and nutrients for branches and leaves. When there is a problem, symptoms appear in many parts; It is useless to water plants when they are abnormal, and sometimes it will aggravate the disease, because some diseases appear under the condition of high temperature and high humidity.
If only leaves fall and there are no other diseased spots, generally the root of pepper is sick, then of course, the diseased plants will be pulled out at the first time, and the fallen leaves will be cleaned up and burned centrally. In addition, the planting place will be disinfected by spraying quicklime or using special chemicals (as for which chemical to use, it depends on the specific disease); Take the pepper seedlings in seedling cultivation as an example. Next to the seedlings that have fallen leaves due to diseases, some nearby seedlings that grow well should also be pulled out for disinfection, because diseases are generally caused by bacteria, fungi or viruses, some peppers are sick, and the peppers that grow next to them may only get sick later. Pulling out the nearby pepper seedlings is also to prevent the spread of the disease.
If the fallen leaves are sick, the leaves that have not fallen are also sick. It should be that Mr. Ye is sick, and then it will gradually affect the stems, leaves and roots, and the leaves are the most obvious. In this case, it is also necessary to clean the plants and fallen leaves on the ground, disinfect the planting area with drugs, and check whether other pepper plants in the field have disease characteristics. When necessary, spray drugs when symptoms are mild to reduce losses.
There are more than one kind of pepper diseases, such as bacterial wilt, epidemic disease and damping-off disease. Ordinary people order peppers. Generally speaking, they have no special knowledge of agricultural pests and diseases, and their leaves have fallen off. They can judge for themselves and rule out the influence of improper management at ordinary times, but they don't know what disease it is. In fact, what they can do is to record their illness by taking pictures or videos. In addition, they can collect diseased stems, leaves and roots and take them to local agricultural stores that specialize in selling pesticides and other products.
Summary: Pepper is a kind of seasoning vegetable that many people like to eat, and hot summer is the growing season of pepper. The more water you water pepper, the more leaves it loses. It may be due to the influence of soil, improper watering, or some disease. It depends on the specific situation. If it is a disease, in addition to cleaning up the diseased plants, it is best to take photos or videos and take the diseased plants to a special agricultural store for consultation to better solve the problem.