The main ingredient in all soaps is sodium stearate.

Soap is a general term for metal salts of fatty acids. The general formula is RCOOM, where RCOO is the fatty acid root and M is the metal ion. Daily soap in the fatty acid carbon number is generally 10-18, the metal is mainly sodium or potassium and other alkali metals, but also with ammonia and some organic bases such as ethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc. made of special-purpose soap.

Soap molecular formula is C17H35COONa (carbon 17 hydrogen 35 + carbon + oxygen + oxygen + sodium) (can also be written as RCOONa, produced by the reaction of sodium hydroxide and alkali fats and oils). If you add spices and dyes to it, you make a soap that has both color and scent; if you add some drugs to it (such as boric acid or carbolic acid), it becomes a medicated soap.

Soap productionProcess

1, soap: the basic chemical reaction of soap is the interaction of fats, oils and alkalis to produce soap and glycerin.

2, refining: remove impurities in the oil. Commonly used refining process includes dekylation, alkali refining (deacidification) decolorization.

3, saponification: oil and grease refining and alkali saponification reaction. Boiling method is the main method of saponification, soap pot is cylindrical or square.

4, salting: in the closed soap, add salt or saturated brine, so that soap and dilute glycerin water separation.

5, washing: after separating the waste liquid, add water and steam boiling soap particles, so that the state from the precipitation of open to become a uniform soap gel, wash out the residual glycerin, pigment and impurities.

6, alkaline dialysis: in order to make the soap particles of the residual oils and fats completely saponified, by alkaline dialysis to further wash out the soap particles of glycerin, salt, pigment and impurities.

7, molding: soap base condensed into a large soap plate, and then cut into soap blanks, printing, drying into laundry soap, soap and other products.

Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Soap for the above