Blood sugar is very important to our body. Many people’s blood sugar is prone to fluctuations, so we must learn to control it. It will not work if the blood sugar is too high or too low. Many pregnant women will have this problem. When it comes to high blood sugar, of course a large number of people don’t know what is normal blood sugar for pregnant women. So what should pregnant women do if they have high blood sugar? What is normal blood sugar level for pregnant women?

1. Blood sugar level during pregnancy

The normal fasting blood sugar level for pregnant women is 3.1-5.6mmol/L. The blood sugar value of normal pregnant women is generally lower than the normal value, rarely exceeding 5.6mmol/L, and fasting blood sugar is often 3.3~4.4mmol/L.

The latest diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes are: fasting blood glucose ≥5.1mmol/L, 75-gram glucose tolerance test ≥10.0mmol/L for 1 hour, and ≥8.5mmol/L for 2 hours.

2. Reasons for high blood sugar

1. Hormones hinder the secretion of insulin. During pregnancy, the placenta secretes hormones that resist insulin production, resulting in decreased insulin secretion, which may cause high blood sugar during pregnancy.

2. Unreasonable diet and obesity. For example, during pregnancy, excessive intake of high-sugar and high-fat foods causes pregnant women to be overweight and affects the function of pancreatic islets. The activity of insulin in lowering blood sugar will be severely reduced, leading to high blood sugar.

3. Older gestational age and family history of diabetes. Both situations will increase the risk of high blood sugar during pregnancy.

3. How to control blood sugar

Once blood sugar exceeds the standard, under the guidance of a doctor, diet and appropriate exercise can usually control blood sugar within a satisfactory range.

4. Diet control

1. It is recommended to eat small amounts frequently and divide the food you should eat into 5-6 meals a day, because eating too much at one time will cause blood sugar to rise rapidly, and fasting Too long can cause starvation ketosis in pregnant women.

2. Avoid sucrose, granulated sugar, fructose, glucose, rock sugar, honey, chocolate, maltose drinks and sweets. You can drink two glasses of milk every day to supplement enough calcium.

3. Eat less meat and more vegetables. Fruits should be eaten between meals. Fruits with high sugar content should be avoided, such as sugar cane, watermelon, cantaloupe, cantaloupe, cherries, etc. Eat more foods rich in dietary fiber, such as celery, pumpkin, carrots, etc.

5. Exercise therapy

Appropriate exercise can help improve insulin sensitivity and control blood sugar. Pregnant women should go outside for some exercise. Exercise should be done about 1 hour after a meal, and the duration should not be too long. Generally, 20 to 30 minutes is more appropriate. Exercise items should be relatively gentle and not strenuous, such as walking, pregnant women's gymnastics, Tai Chi, etc.

6. Drug treatment

If controlled through diet for 3 to 7 days, monitor blood sugar. If it is still not ideal, fasting blood sugar ≥5.1mmol/L, and 2-hour postprandial blood sugar ≥6.7 mmol/L, insulin treatment should be carried out promptly under the guidance of a doctor to avoid aggravating the condition.

7. Effects of high blood sugar

High blood sugar can cause abnormal embryo development or even death. The incidence of miscarriage is as high as 15%-30%, and it can easily lead to polyhydramnios in pregnant women. , premature rupture of membranes, gestational eclampsia, urinary system infection, dystocia, etc.

It also has great harm to the fetus: the incidence rate of fetal macrosomia is as high as 25%-42%, fetal growth restriction, miscarriage or premature birth, congenital malformations, etc.

8. Pay attention to regular testing

Blood sugar should be checked regularly during pregnancy, especially after 20 weeks. Pregnant women with high blood sugar should go to the hospital for regular review, and they can also do it at home. Prepare blood sugar testing equipment to monitor the condition in time and avoid the impact of the disease on pregnant women and fetuses.

9. What to eat for pregnant women with high blood sugar

1. Pregnant women prefer fruits with lower sugar content, such as apples, pears, oranges, peaches, grapes, etc., and eat fruits every day Do not exceed 500 grams. You must reduce the amount of fruits with high sugar content such as bananas, pineapples, lychees, and persimmons. People with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy or those with gestational diabetes should wait until their blood sugar is under stable control before eating fruit. In addition, it is best to eat fruit between meals, so as not to make blood sugar too high and prevent hypoglycemia from occurring.

2. Eat about 300 grams of carbohydrates every day, but we need to have certain requirements on the types of carbohydrate sources. Polysaccharides such as rice and wheat should be the main ones, and honey, syrup, maltose, etc. should be strictly limited. Pure sugar products and desserts with high sugar content.

3. Try to choose varieties with lower glycemic index among cereal staple foods, such as oatmeal, cornmeal and buckwheat noodles.

4. Eat more green and fresh vegetables, supplement protein, add 15-25 grams per day on the original basis, and supplement calcium, iron, iodine, etc. to help pregnant women recover and ensure the normal health of the fetus. Required food.