Chronic pharyngitis can be divided into: ① chronic simple pharyngitis: diffuse congestion of mucosa, dilation of small blood vessels, dark red color, with a small amount of viscous secretions. ② Chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis: mucosal thickening, diffuse congestion and dark red color. Lymphatic follicles in the posterior pharyngeal wall proliferate, hyperemia and swelling, and are distributed in dots or fused into blocks. The lateral pharyngeal cords on both sides are also hyperemia and hypertrophy. ③ Atrophic or dry pharyngitis: the mucous membrane is dry, atrophic and thin, pale and shiny as wax paper, with pus scab attached. The sensation and reflex in the pharynx are decreased, and there are sticky secretions or pus scabs attached to the nasopharynx. Sometimes the outline of the cervical vertebra can be seen in the posterior pharyngeal wall. If there is no obvious change in early atrophy, it is called dry pharyngitis. The treatment methods are briefly introduced: eliminating various pathogenic factors, such as treating systemic diseases and treating sinusitis. Pay attention to nutrition and strengthen physical exercise. Avoid irritating food, alcohol and tobacco, and correct improper pronunciation. Workers should wear masks in the environment with dust or irritating gas. Topics can be gargled with compound borax solution, furacilin, 2% boric acid solution, 3% saline, etc., and coated with 3% iodine glycerin, or throat tablets containing iodine, mint throat tablets and Liushen pills, etc. Oral Chinese medicines for nourishing yin, promoting fluid production, clearing away heat and moistening lung, such as Radix Scrophulariae, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Rehmanniae, Flos Lonicerae, Rhizoma Belamcandae, and Radix Glycyrrhizae. Hypertrophic pharyngitis can be treated with10 ~ 30% silver nitrate or electrocoagulation. Ultraviolet irradiation, cryotherapy, laser therapy, etc. can all achieve certain results. Vitamins A, B2, C and E can be taken for atrophic pharyngitis to promote mucosal epithelial hyperplasia. What examinations do chronic pharyngitis need to do? Ask the medical history in detail, carefully examine the nasopharynx and larynx, and make necessary general examinations. Special attention should be paid to exclude the occult lesions of nose, pharynx, larynx, esophagus and neck, such as early malignant tumor. Patients should be followed up before the occult lesions are excluded to avoid misdiagnosis. As the saying goes, "illness is like spinning silk." Chronic pharyngitis should be treated patiently and persistently. Simple steam inhalation can be used at home: ① Fill a large open cup with boiling water, and then surround the mouth, nose and cup with a towel to avoid steam outflow. Breathe deeply with your mouth open, and inhale steam into the throat, which can play the role of moistening and hot compress. (2) in order to improve the effect of steam inhalation, you can put a small alcohol stove with a small pot of boiling water on it, wrap the spout with a large piece of cloth, put it in a large cloth pocket with your mouth and nose, take a deep breath and inhale the steam. But be careful: don't put your mouth and nose directly close to the spout to avoid burns. (3) can be used at home idle female beauty sprayer, heating water tank, after being sprayed with hot air, aim at the mouth for inhalation. The above steam inhalation treatment is generally done twice a day, each time 10 minute. This can make the pharynx moist and increase the comfort; Dilute sputum to make it easy to cough up; The symptoms of cough will also be significantly reduced. Chronic pharyngitis is chronic inflammation of pharyngeal mucosa, submucosa and lymphatic tissue. The main causes are the repeated effects of acute pharyngitis, the stimulation of inflammatory secretions in nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx, the direct spread of chronic tonsillitis, the stimulation of excessive alcohol and tobacco, dust and harmful gases, and the preference for irritating food. In addition, some systemic diseases, such as anemia, tracheal diseases, liver and kidney diseases, are also prone to this disease. Patients with chronic pharyngitis have various symptoms. Different patients have different symptoms. The main symptoms are dry throat, discomfort, foreign body sensation, itching, burning sensation and slight pain in the throat. Swallowing pain, sore throat may be more severe during acute attack. Because the posterior pharyngeal wall is often stimulated by thick secretions, some patients have irritating cough in the morning, especially when they get up and brush their teeth in the morning, accompanied by nausea. Chronic pharyngitis generally does not need antibiotic treatment, because chronic pharyngitis is not a bacterial infection. However, in the outpatient department, many patients diagnosed with chronic pharyngitis insist on antibiotic treatment, and some patients even go to the pharmacy to buy antibiotics themselves. Such abuse of antibiotics is harmful and useless. Because the abuse of antibiotics may lead to the imbalance of normal flora in the throat, causing double infection. In addition, every antibiotic has systemic side effects. Abuse of antibiotics can do harm to human body. At the same time, the abuse of antibiotics can also cause bacterial resistance. The treatment of chronic pharyngitis mainly aims at the etiology, such as quitting smoking and drinking, actively treating acute pharyngitis and chronic inflammation of nasal cavity, sinus and tonsil, improving the working and living environment and avoiding the stimulation of dust and harmful gases. Strengthen exercise, strengthen physical fitness and prevent colds. Patients with dry throat and sore throat can choose some buccal tablets, such as Huasu tablets, Caoshanhu tablets, Yinhuang tablets, Tai Le Qi tablets, watermelon frost tablets, etc., to alleviate or relieve symptoms; You can also choose various Chinese patent medicines, such as Wanying Capsule, Qingyan Lihou Granule, Yiqing Capsule and Shiwei Longdanhua Granule. If you suffer from chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis, when the dry throat and foreign body sensation in the throat are obvious, you can use fractional laser, freezing or electrocautery for treatment. It should be noted that chronic pharyngitis is easily repeated, and its symptoms often occur after fatigue, catching cold, excessive alcohol and tobacco, irritating food intake, sudden climate change and inhaling cold air. At this time, the patient's dry throat and sore throat are more severe, and some patients have fever. The examination often shows acute congestion and swelling of the pharyngeal mucosa, and the white blood cells and the percentage of neutrophils are increased by blood routine examination. At this time, broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used under the guidance of a doctor or the corresponding antibiotics can be selected for 3-5 days according to the drug sensitivity test, and the drug can be stopped immediately after the acute symptoms disappear. At the same time, patients need to rest, drink more water and eat a juicy diet. The etiology of chronic pharyngolaryngitis is complex, but it can be mainly attributed to the following aspects: living habits, eating habits, environmental factors, etc. These three aspects are external causes, while internal causes include their own health status and the treatment of related diseases. Most patients are caused by the interaction of internal and external factors, and some patients are caused by one of them. Therefore, for patients with chronic pharyngolaryngitis, if we can't pay attention to and correct some bad habits and details in life in time, the condition will be aggravated and the treatment effect will be seriously affected. Even the cases that had the hope of cure were greatly reduced, so that they could not get rid of the entanglement of the disease for life! Therefore, patients should pay serious attention to the following issues in their daily life: 1 Living habits With the development of society, the pace of people's life is accelerating, which also affects the change of people's living habits, making their daily life irregular. As a patient with chronic pharyngitis, they should try their best to live regularly, and they should not stay up late and burn the midnight oil frequently, because staying up late often will break the original life rules, make the endocrine system out of balance, the viscera function disorder, and reduce the digestive function of the stomach. Keep your mouth clean at any time, brush your teeth in the morning and evening, eat after meals, drink plenty of water at ordinary times (especially when staying up late), and some inflammation in your mouth should be treated in time; In winter or in the season of alternating cold and warm, we should pay attention to keep warm (according to the cases we have received in recent years, chronic pharyngitis has a tendency to develop towards younger age, which has a considerable relationship with not paying attention to self-protection at ordinary times); Life style should be controlled, and husband and wife should not live excessively, otherwise it is easy to cause kidney deficiency, which will lead to the deficiency of the kidney and spleen, which will lead to the dysfunction of viscera and the steaming of turbid qi! In terms of eating habits, we should resolutely abandon some bad eating habits, quit smoking and drinking. Do not eat irritating food, eat less fried and pickled food; Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, and eat more fruits rich in vitamins, such as kiwi fruit and fig, etc. Watermelon is the best fruit for clearing heat, relieving sore throat and quenching thirst. 3 Environmental factors With the development of industrialization, great changes have taken place in people's production and living environment, which not only optimizes people's quality of life, but also brings great negative effects on human health. For patients with chronic pharyngolaryngitis: don't stay in a room with air conditioning on for a long time, and keep the bedroom regularly ventilated; For the newly decorated new house, we should postpone the check-in time as much as possible, and at the same time keep ventilation for the maximum time every day to reduce the chemical gas content in the new house; Try to avoid working in an environment with high chemical gas or dust content, and do a good job of self-protection in this respect! Only by paying serious attention to the above points can patients create favorable conditions for completely curing chronic pharyngitis and get rid of the suffering of the disease as soon as possible.