Children's mental health knowledge 1 1. Five main signs of children's mental health
1. The mood is basically happy and stable.
Don't get angry often, don't break toys and other things for no reason; Normal daily life, able to sleep on time, stable sleep, less nightmares, no habit of sucking fingers or biting to sleep; Basically, I can listen to the reasonable instructions of adults, I am not picky about food, and I don't often make trouble without reason.
2. Strong thirst for knowledge.
Like to ask questions and actively seek answers; When studying or completing any task within one's power, he is focused and has a normal memory; Love to talk, language expression ability is consistent with age, no stuttering; In life, I am willing to do what I can, but I don't rely too much on the help of others, and I can seriously accomplish what others entrust me with.
3. Can be gregarious.
Love to associate with small companions, have compassion and friendly behavior towards people, don't casually hit people and swear, and don't envy companions; Can live a happy life in the group, under the guidance of adults, willing to do good things for the group.
4. Be honest and don't lie.
Rarely say unrealistic words; Don't take other people's things or damage other people's things without permission; Don't hide your mistakes, but admit them.
5. Have self-esteem and some self-confidence.
I enjoy praise, I am ashamed of criticism and accusation, and I want to do something popular instead of being scolded; Not too afraid of difficulties, timidity, etc.
Second, children's mental health knowledge
1. Reduce children's psychological burden.
Parents are eager to grow up, expect too much, and have unrealistic demands on their children. Some parents unilaterally understand early education, ignore the mental health characteristics of children, especially young children, and instill knowledge; Some parents often only pay attention to their children's test scores and insist that their children get 100. In this way, the children's nerves are tense all day and they can't relax at all, which leads some of them to suffer from a kind of "school terror" neurosis and refuse to go to school. Some children are lively, cheerful and generous in the lower grades, but the more they reach the upper grades, the more eccentric their personalities become. This reflects that school life also has many disadvantages. Therefore, to reduce the heavy psychological burden of children, we must first reduce the psychological burden of parents.
2. Have a relaxed, harmonious and quiet family atmosphere.
In family cultural life, there should be enough healthy spiritual food, for example, enough books and so on; In the way of disciplining children, we should oppose rough autocracy and implement democracy and equality; In dealing with children's hobbies, parents should conform to their children's nature and develop naturally, and should not impose their will on their children and hurt their self-esteem.
3. Expand children's life circle and enrich their spare time.
The formation of unhealthy psychology such as children's loneliness and selfishness is often related to their narrow life circle. A few years ago, an "architectural disease" appeared among American children. Due to the development of high-rise buildings, children live alone in a room after school, which leads to loneliness, fear and even affects the normal development of intelligence. Twelve taboos of children's mental health.
First, don't get used to it. Never leave the "good" mouth, never leave the door, eat whatever you want and wear whatever you want, which will develop a child's wayward character. Parents "love children-drown children-mistake children" is often a trilogy in which some teenagers go astray in real life.
Second, avoid favoritism and connivance. In daily life, children do something wrong in public, and parents know it is wrong, but they shelter and cover it up for various reasons, which will inevitably make children unable to treat shortcomings and mistakes correctly.
Third, avoid cajoling. Some parents try to be quiet for a period of time and cheat their children by making up lies. This is timid, and it is easy for children to imitate their parents and develop a hypocritical and dishonest character.
Fourth, avoid irony. It is counterproductive to be cynical about children and think that they can "inspire" progress.
Fifth, avoid demanding. Parents "hate iron and not produce steel" for their children, and everything should be perfect, and a little reprimand will make them feel at a loss and suppress their bondage. After a long time, their children may go to the opposite side and go their own way.
6. Don't let children go if they are not guided and educated, let themselves go, do whatever they want, and fail to fulfill their parental responsibilities, and the consequences will be unimaginable.
Seventh, do not beat and scold corporal punishment. In real life, some parents believe in the creed of "don't beat the abrasive", instead of convincing others by reasoning, they beat and scold and punish them by physical punishment. As a result, this will not only fail to achieve the purpose of education, but also hurt children's self-esteem and often lead to emotional opposition.
Eighth, avoid distraction. Let children choose suitable games and sports, cultivate children's concentration and ability to concentrate on a job, cultivate children's perseverance, and do everything from beginning to end. Don't repeatedly ask your child to change the content of the activity.
Ninth, avoid insufficient adaptability. Cultivating children's ability to adapt to the environment is very beneficial to their development.
Thirdly, obesity affects children's mental health.
People pay more and more attention to the psychological harm caused by obesity to children. Psychological injury is not as easy to find as physical injury, but it has a far-reaching impact on children's personality, temperament, personality and future development of various abilities. The psychological harm caused by obesity is mainly manifested in low self-evaluation, obvious inferiority complex, lack of self-confidence, low mood, poor partnership, and more anxiety and loneliness.
Obese children often worry about not wearing beautiful clothes that fit them and going to school, because obesity affects sports. Some children even think that their body shape is unacceptable to their classmates and they lose interest in going to school. Some obese children are among the best in academic performance, but few students ask him for advice. It is also very common that obese children are insulted by their peers because they are fat. Fat children are mostly introverted. They prefer to hide things from their parents or classmates. When they associate with strangers, they are often timid and unwilling to show themselves in group activities. Many social factors such as employment discrimination, education level, marital status and economic income are affected by obesity, which also makes obese children feel psychological pressure to varying degrees. In addition, parents' reprimand, worry and anxiety are also one of the reasons for the psychological burden of fat children.
Obese children have many behavioral characteristics different from normal-weight children, which play an important role in the occurrence and development of obesity. Obesity not only harms children's physical health, but also causes great harm to children's psychology, which should be paid attention to by society. In the treatment of obesity, psychotherapy should be included, bad behaviors related to obesity should be corrected, a healthy and scientific lifestyle should be established, obesity should be fundamentally treated, and obese children should return to normal physically and mentally.
4. What are the taboos for children's mental health?
First, avoid melancholy silence.
In life, parents should cultivate their children's optimistic personality and not be unhappy.
Second, avoid insufficient adaptability.
Parents should cultivate their children's ability to adapt to the environment, which is beneficial to their development.
Third, avoid irony.
Parents thought that satirizing the child could "motivate" him to make progress, but it backfired in the end.
Fourth, avoid being out of control.
In life, parents should cultivate their children to learn to control their emotions, including controlling some unreasonable demands and wishes.
Fifth, avoid indulgence.
Parents don't give their children any guidance and education. Children can do whatever they want and set them free. If they don't fulfill their parents' responsibilities, the consequences will be unimaginable.
Sixth, avoid cajoling.
Some parents often make up lies to deceive their children for temporary peace. In this kind of life, children can easily imitate their parents and eventually develop a hypocritical and dishonest character.
Seventh, avoid favoritism and connivance.
When children do something wrong in public, parents know it is wrong, but they have to shelter and cover it up for various reasons that are not reasons. In this way, children will certainly not be able to treat their shortcomings and mistakes correctly.
Eighth, avoid distraction.
In daily life, parents should cultivate their children's concentration, let them choose their favorite games and sports, concentrate on everything, finish what they started, and don't change their activities repeatedly.
Ninth, avoid beating, scolding and corporal punishment.
Many parents believe in the creed of "don't beat the tools." If you can't convince people by reasoning, just beat and scold and punish them blindly. As a result, you will not achieve any educational goals, but will seriously damage your child's self-esteem and produce emotional opposition.
Knowledge of children's mental health 2 In recent years, more and more criminals tend to be younger. In fact, this is mainly caused by children's mental health. What do you know about children's mental health? What about children's psychological counseling? In fact, there is a lot of knowledge about mental health, so parents should pay attention to educating their children!
Ten Concerns about Children's Mental Health
First, be careful not to care too much about children. It is easy for children to be too self-centered and think that everyone should respect him, and as a result, they become arrogant people.
Second, don't bribe children. Let children know the relationship between rights and obligations from an early age, and they cannot enjoy rights without fulfilling their obligations.
Third, don't get too close to children. Children should be encouraged to live, study and play with people of the same age, so as to learn how to get along with others.
Fourth, don't force children to do incompetent things. Most of children's self-confidence comes from the success of doing things. Forcing them to do things they can't do will only hurt their self-confidence.
5. Don't be too strict with children, demanding too much, or even insulting them. This will make children feel inferior, timid, escape and other unhealthy psychology, or lead to abnormal behaviors such as resistance, cruelty, lying and running away from home.
6. Don't cheat and frighten children unnecessarily. Scaring children will lose the authority of parents in their children's minds, and children will not listen to all warnings in the future.
Seven, don't criticize or laugh at children in front of friends. This will cause children to hold grudges and be shy, which will greatly damage their self-esteem.
Eight, don't praise children too much. Children get achievements in doing things, but only a little praise. Excessive praise will make children infected with the bad psychology of fishing for fame and reputation.
Nine, don't be moody to children. This will make children sensitive, suspicious, emotionally unstable and timid.
10. Help the child analyze his environment. Help children solve difficulties, not replace them. Children should be taught to analyze and solve problems.
Of course, in order to cultivate children's mental health, we should not only give them a good education, but every parent should set a good example for them.
Seven standards of children's mental health
1, can observe things according to the requirements of adults, remember quickly, remember to live, remember right. Can summarize concrete and intuitive things. Willing to think, imaginative. I am good at asking all kinds of questions about things and phenomena around me, and I can also solve some simple problems in daily life and study.
2. Love parents, teachers and children. Can properly express their emotions. Be polite to people, use polite language, be compassionate and be moderately shy.
3, don't cry when you fall or get a little hurt, and don't be ridiculous when you lose the game. Not afraid of darkness and some strange animals.
4, do not meet their own needs and make excessive demands. Love labor and cherish things. I like growing flowers and raising small animals, listening to music, watching albums, singing, dancing, drawing and participating in various intellectual games, from which I can feel happy.
5. Be able to make a concrete and simple evaluation of your own behavior and distinguish between your own and others' things. Obey constraints. Accept criticism and suggestions from others.
6. I am happier when I am with everyone than when I am alone. I can abide by the rules and order of the game, obey everyone's opinions in playing, understand the feelings and needs of my peers, do not deliberately give trouble to others, help other children, and be happy for their achievements.
7, in front of the new environment or unfamiliar people, don't be too stiff and afraid. Don't ask children and guests for food. I can go to the store to buy some simple daily necessities, and I can walk alone on the sidewalk on the side of the road with a lot of cars.
Methods of Cultivating Children's Mental Health
1, relax training, so as to keep relaxed at any time, thus relieving tension and anxiety.
2. Simple behavior modification-positive reinforcement method. By rewarding the target behavior and ignoring or downplaying the abnormal behavior, the target behavior can be promoted.
3. Reasonable emotional therapy. Alice, a famous American psychologist, believes that people's emotional distress is not caused by external events, but by people's attitudes and views on events. Therefore, to change the emotional distress, we must change our cognition, and then change our emotions by changing our cognition.
4. System desensitization method. Mainly used for phobias.
5. Shock therapy. Mainly used to treat negative emotional reactions such as fear.
6, aversion therapy. It is often used to quit smoking, drinking, internet addiction and treating obsessive-compulsive disorder.
7. Cognitive behavioral therapy. By changing thinking and behavior, we can change bad cognition and eliminate bad emotions and behaviors.
The performance of children's mental health
1, ADHD: Children's psychological behavior can be reflected in their behavior, and some children have ADHD. Mainly active; Lack of concentration; Emotional fluctuation, poor self-control ability; Learning is seriously affected and so on.
2. Anxiety: refers to a sudden state of fear without obvious physical reasons. The specific manifestations are lack of self-confidence, over-sensitivity, loss of appetite and crying for no reason. This kind of children are sensitive to unfamiliar environment, but they are afraid, even nervous, crying incessantly, often worried about being laughed at by others, paying too much attention to things that haven't happened yet, accompanied by unfounded troubles. I am also overly anxious about some trivial things in my daily life.
3, perennial depression: If children are often unhappy for no reason, it is probably because of inferiority.
4. Terror and insomnia: Terror is manifested as a feeling of fear and escape from certain things or situations, such as fear of lightning, extreme tension, running around, etc. Children are also afraid of things that are not dangerous or basically not dangerous, and this fear is very prominent. Children avoid and shrink back because of fear. It is difficult for children with insomnia to fall asleep. They wake up from time to time, crying loudly, and even sleepwalking, but they can't remember it during the day, only feeling lack of energy and emotional instability.
5. Excessive shyness: It is normal for children, especially girls, to be a little shy, but if they are too shy (including never daring to sing in front of children, never wanting to show their faces, never daring to contact strangers, etc.). ), they may have a strong sense of inferiority.
6. Attack: These children run around all day, often playing pranks and being sarcastic. If you don't cherish beautiful things, hitting people becomes a hobby and shows aggression.
7. Poor language skills: According to expert statistics, more than 80% of children with inferiority complex have poor language skills. They either stutter, or express incoherence, or lack emotion when expressing, or lack vocabulary and so on.
8. Bad interpersonal relationship: Children's interpersonal relationship mainly refers to the relationship with parents, teachers and peers, which can reflect children's mental health. Children with unhealthy psychology generally have no harmonious interpersonal relationship, and often have communication obstacles with others because of personal mental health and other reasons. Can't cooperate with others, be indifferent to others, lack sympathy, suspicion, jealousy, retreat, can't be in a group, and don't fit in with others.
Conclusion: Parents are most concerned about the healthy growth of children, especially the immature children. Everyone should know more about these children's mental health knowledge at ordinary times, which can help children grow up healthily!
Children's mental health knowledge 3 Children's mental health knowledge
People's psychological activities begin from infancy, which is a critical period for children's development and growth, and is in the embryonic stage of thinking activities. If children can benefit from better scientific mental health guidance at this stage, it is up to their mothers to start from infancy. So how to do a good job of mental health care in infancy?
Farewell to enuresis
Children after the age of 5 are often unable to urinate independently, which is called enuresis. Mental factors are one of the important causes of infantile enuresis. Parents should eliminate all kinds of unfavorable factors that cause children's emotional tension and carry out targeted urination training. As parents, we should help our children build confidence in overcoming bad habits, and don't make irresponsible accusations against their children, resulting in inferiority complex.
Eliminate stuttering
Parents should pay attention to two points to correct stuttering. First of all, don't pay too much attention to or discuss the child's stuttering problem, let alone imitate, laugh at or severely force him to correct it, so as to minimize and eliminate the factors that cause the child's mental stress. In addition, parents can patiently take some specific speech correction methods to help their children, such as designing special exercises to distract their children from stuttering.
Quit finger addiction
Children who are addicted to finger sucking cannot be treated by coercive methods such as scaring and finger medication. These methods will make children feel nervous, scared and scared. Parents should take a more caring attitude towards their children, and they can reason and guide their older children. For younger children, you can distract him with things he likes and gradually help him get rid of the habit of sucking his fingers.
Correcting ADHD in children
Children with ADHD need regular treatment, such as drug therapy, inclusive therapy and behavioral therapy. Behavioral therapy is considered to be effective, mainly by correcting children's abnormal behaviors, cultivating children's good behaviors, and improving children's learning ability and social adaptability. Behavioral therapy is mainly to improve children's attention, overcome distractions and reduce children's excessive activities and unruly behaviors through appropriate training procedures and appropriate cognitive activities.
Seven standards of children's mental health
1, can observe things according to the requirements of adults, remember quickly, remember to live, remember right. Can summarize concrete and intuitive things. Willing to think, imaginative. I am good at asking all kinds of questions about things and phenomena around me, and I can also solve some simple problems in daily life and study.
2. Love parents, teachers and children. Can properly express their emotions. Be polite to people, use polite language, be compassionate and be moderately shy.
3, don't cry when you fall or get a little hurt, and don't be ridiculous when you lose the game. Not afraid of darkness and some strange animals.
4, do not meet their own needs and make excessive demands. Love labor and cherish things. I like growing flowers and raising small animals, listening to music, watching albums, singing, dancing, drawing and participating in various intellectual games, from which I can feel happy.
5. Be able to make a concrete and simple evaluation of your own behavior and distinguish between your own and others' things. Obey constraints. Accept criticism and suggestions from others.
6. I am happier when I am with everyone than when I am alone. I can abide by the rules and order of the game, obey everyone's opinions in playing, understand the feelings and needs of my peers, do not deliberately give trouble to others, help other children, and be happy for their achievements.
7, in front of the new environment or unfamiliar people, don't be too stiff and afraid. Don't ask children and guests for food. I can go to the store to buy some simple daily necessities, and I can walk alone on the sidewalk on the side of the road with a lot of cars.
Children's mental health knowledge 4. First, understand the importance of children's mental health education.
To know the clinical investigation results of children's mental health, those figures are all children with psychological problems. Every preschool teacher has the obligation and responsibility to do his part to help children solve psychological problems, because this work is directly related to the physical and mental development of children throughout their lives and determines the future development level of our country and society.
Second, understand the main manifestations of children's psychological problems and accurately understand the causes of children's psychological problems.
Children's psychological problems are mainly manifested as cognitive disorders, personality and emotional disorders, and behavioral disorders. Personality and emotional disorders are divided into anxiety, phobia, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and autism, and behavioral disorders are divided into attention disorder (ADHD) and TIC disorder. In the past, the main manifestations of children's psychological problems were only some fragmented knowledge. After learning, they are clearly distinguished, which provides a theoretical basis for accurate judgment in the future.
It is also clear that heredity, brain injury and environment are the causes of children's psychological problems, which points out the direction for exploring the causes of children's psychological problems in practical work in the future and avoids detours.
Third, I have basically mastered the intervention skills of psychological problems.
Understand the formative education model for all children and the compensatory counseling model for children with psychological problems. Basically mastered the intervention techniques of behavioral therapy and painting therapy.
Fourthly, the overall idea of mental health education has been initially formed in practical work.
After studying the causes of children's psychological problems and their intervention methods, through review and induction, a knowledge system space about children's psychological problems is established in the mind. The next step is to implement children's mental health education mainly from the following four aspects.
First, all teachers have to undergo two trainings, so that each teacher can master the contents of children's mental health education. Second, set up mental health education courses according to the teaching plan and children's age characteristics. Third, directors and teachers should do their duty, find children with psychological problems in time, communicate with parents in time, and achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention; Fourthly, teachers are encouraged to write educational cases to further enrich and expand the strategies of mental health education.
Cultivation principles of children's mental health
Love and sense of value. Children need the love of their parents. Being loved makes them feel safe and valuable. When parents show their love to their children, they not only let them feel the satisfaction of being loved, but also let them know why they are loved, so as to learn the concept of right and wrong.
A sense of security. An insecure person can't trust others, and if he doesn't trust others, he can't establish friendship with others, which may make him a headstrong person. If a child lacks a sense of security and self-confidence, it will make him afraid to explore the surrounding environment freely and learn new things, and his emotional and intellectual development will also be adversely affected.
Rules. Rules are like the walls of children's houses, giving life a boundary and width. Only when a child knows what to expect will he feel comfortable. Therefore, rules are the source of security, and the establishment of rules can provide children with a sense of order for free growth.
New learning experience. Modern child development theory holds that children are growing individuals, and the development of their mental ability is formed by their physical maturity and acquired learning experience. From birth, children must have learning opportunities suitable for their abilities to learn new experiences, so as to develop normal intelligence, language, interpersonal skills, emotional feelings, expression skills and personality.
Taboos to cultivate children's healthy psychology
Be careful not to care too much about the children. It is easy for children to be too self-centered and think that everyone should respect him, and as a result, they become arrogant people.
Don't bribe children. Let children know the relationship between rights and obligations from an early age, and they cannot enjoy rights without fulfilling their obligations.
Don't get too close to children. Children should be encouraged to live, study and play with their peers, so as to learn how to get along with others.
Don't force the child to do things he is not qualified for. Most of children's self-confidence comes from the success of doing things. Forcing them to do things they can't do will only hurt their self-confidence.
Don't be too strict with children, demanding too much, or even abusive. This will make children feel inferior, timid, escape and other unhealthy psychology, or lead to abnormal behaviors such as resistance, cruelty and running away from home.
Don't deceive and scare children unnecessarily. Scaring children will lose the authority of parents in their children's minds, and children will not listen to all warnings in the future.
Don't criticize or laugh at children in front of your friends. This will cause children to hold grudges and be shy, which will greatly damage their self-esteem.
Don't praise children too much. Children get achievements in doing things, but only a little praise. Excessive praise will make children feel complacent and vain.
Don't get emotional with children. This will make children sensitive, suspicious, emotionally unstable and timid.
Parents should pay attention to their children's mental health;
First, pay attention to children's mental health.
Family education is a science, which needs wisdom and skills. Need to explore, need to learn, need to master relevant knowledge.
People's psychological development is orderly, and people's growth can be divided into three periods, namely, 1-6 years old, 6- 12 years old, 12- 18 years old. The best period of family education is before 12 years old, which is the attachment period of children's growth. Many psychological problems in adulthood often originate from underage. Long-term isolation from parents has caused countless tragedies, and it can even be said that it is the root cause of many children's suicide! Quite a few or even most life tragedies have an abnormal family background, and all human misfortunes and tragedies can basically be traced back to the family influence of childhood. If parents can understand that one of the most important needs in childhood is a sense of security, then young children need dependence on their parents, familiarity with the environment and good friends.
Second, parents should understand their children's inner needs.
Parents are often used to talking by themselves and making their children obey. Family should be a place where children can speak freely. Parents should pay attention to leaving the opportunity to speak to their children, especially introverted children. Parents should pay more attention and encourage their children to talk more. Parents should not neglect the exchange of ideas with their children because of their busy work. Parents should listen carefully when children speak and walk into their hearts.
Third, tolerance and restraint are both important.
There is no consensus on whether it is better to be tolerant or strict with children. In reality, the lesson of family education failure is often too lenient or too strict. Parents should treat their children equally and give them the necessary constraints while tolerating them. Too much tolerance leads to doting, too much strictness leads to little love. Parents should understand the truth that children's happy character will not be developed in reprimand. Parents' timely praise can help children develop a good character more than other material rewards. Good children are boastful.
Fourth, we should pay attention to the cultivation of children's habits.
Famous psychologist William? James said: "sow an action and reap a habit;" Sow a habit and reap a character; Sow a character and reap a destiny. "Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the cultivation of students' good habits from an early age. Primary school is the foundation of basic education and the best time to develop various habits. Ye Shengtao, a famous educator, once said, "What is education? In a word, it is to cultivate good habits. "