What is the growth habit of bergamot? The longevity fruit is located in the tropical region, which has good heat resistance and likes warm and humid growth environment. The most suitable growth temperature is between 20 and 30 degrees. Too low temperature in winter and too high temperature in summer will affect the normal growth of papaya. When planted in southern China, underground rhizomes will not freeze to death in winter, and will continue to sprout and grow in the next spring, and can be harvested continuously for more than three years. However, the temperature in northern China is low in winter, so bergamot can't survive the winter, so it can only be planted as an annual plant.
Secondly, papaya is more resistant to shade, but long-term lack of light in the growing environment will lead to problems such as excessive growth, thinness and abnormal growth of papaya. Moreover, bergamot is not resistant to waterlogging and drought, and too wet soil will cause bergamot to grow white and rotten roots. Too dry soil will cause problems such as less flowering and low fruiting rate of bergamot.
What kinds of bergamot are there? At present, there are two kinds of bergamot, one is green bergamot and the other is white bergamot. Green bergamot is the main variety planted in China at present, with dark green fruit, strong plant growth, good stress resistance and high yield. But the quality of green bergamot is slightly worse. At present, the amount of white-skinned bergamot planted in China is small. The white-skinned chayote fruit is white-green or pale-white, with tender meat, smooth peel and good quality. However, the growth of white-skinned bergamot is weak, so it is not suitable to be left unattended and produce less fruit. Growers who want to plant bergamot can choose suitable varieties for planting according to their own needs.
How to grow bergamot? Choice of planting melons: Chaenomeles are different from ordinary melons and vegetables. The seeds of bergamot can't be peeled directly. Otherwise, the seeds will lose water and cannot germinate, which means that the whole melon needs to be planted when planting bergamot. In this case, it involves the problem of how to choose and store seeds. To grow melons, we should first choose large, disease-free and high-quality bergamot, and secondly, the age of bergamot should be controlled at about 25 to 30 days to prevent bergamot from being too old or too tender to affect germination. After the seeds are harvested, sand storage will be carried out at the end of June at about 1 1, and the room temperature will be controlled at about 5 to 10 degrees.
Planting time: the planting time of bergamot needs to be determined according to the planting method and planting area. If planted in greenhouse, it will take a long time, and165438+1can raise seedlings from late October to mid-March. If it is cultivated in the open field, it is usually planted in late April in spring when the temperature is stable at 15 to 25 degrees.
Seedling management: This part mainly talks about the germination, seedling raising and management of fingered citron. The first is the work of accelerating germination, which is relatively simple. Two weeks before sowing, the Chaenomeles stored in the sand were taken out, and the Chaenomeles without disease and damage were selected for germination. Put the seeds in an indoor room with a room temperature of about 20 degrees, and spread fine river sand of about 3 cm on the bottom of the seeds to keep the air moist. Generally, seeds can grow white fibrous roots in about two weeks, and seedlings can be raised when seeds grow cotyledons.
Generally, fingered citron is kept in seedling bags, seed melons are put in plastic bags, one third of nutrient soil is put in the bags, and the nutrient soil is buried about 5 cm with hands down. The humidity is controlled at about 20 to 25 degrees. If the soil is wet and not watered, melons can germinate in about 20 days. After germination, water according to the soil moisture content, and the amount of water should not be too much, so as to avoid the excessive growth of melon seedlings. When the seedling grows to four or five true leaves, it is necessary to remove the heart in time and keep two or three strong side buds. Planting management: when the seedlings grow to 20 to 30 cm, they can be transplanted and planted.
There are many kinds of papaya in the pit. Before transplanting, soil tillage and fertilization should be carried out. The width and length of the pit are 1 to 1.5 m, and the depth of the pit is about 80 cm. Each pit needs to be filled with about 250 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer, which is mixed with soil, watered, transplanted and planted two days after watering.
Daily management: The daily management of bergamot mainly includes scaffolding, pruning, water and fertilizer management, etc. Here, let me explain it in detail. The first is shelving. Papaya grows faster. When the seedlings grow to 30 to 40 centimeters, they need to be set up. Generally, the height of each shelf is 2m, and the scaffold area is controlled at about 40m2. The surface of the trellis can be divided into small squares of 50 square centimeters, which is convenient for the growth of papaya.
The second is pruning, leaving three main vines on the shelf, and the main vines can be fixed on the main vines with plastic ropes. The growth direction of the three main vines should be dispersed to avoid entanglement affecting the growth. When the growth length of the main vine on the trellis is 1 m, the seeds should be picked in time to promote the growth of lateral buds and improve the fruit yield.
The third is fertilizer and water management. In the early stage of growth, papaya needs less water and should not be watered too often. Just irrigate with a little water to keep the soil moist. After papaya entered the fruiting period, the water demand increased. At this time, we should pay attention to prevent the soil from drying and keep the soil moist. The amount of topdressing of bergamot does not need too much, and topdressing should be carried out according to the seedling situation. Top dressing can be applied once in July and August, and 0.3kg compound fertilizer and 0.2cm urea fertilizer can be applied to each plant. In addition, combined with the seedling situation, foliar fertilizer can be sprayed on the fingered citron.
Timely harvest: the fruit-bearing time of bergamot is relatively concentrated, so it needs to be harvested in time to avoid excessive fruit-bearing and affect the later yield of the plant. Picking melons can be carried out in batches, about three times, and the harvesting time is determined according to the use of bergamot. Picking melons within 20 days after fruit setting, and picking melons within 25 ~ 30 days after fruit setting.