I. Li Bai and Carved Hu Rice
Staying at Xun Old Woman's House under the Five Pine Mountains
Li Bai
I stayed under the Five Pine Mountains, and I was lonely and joyless.
The autumn work in the field is bitter, and the neighbor's daughter pounds the grain at night.
Kneeling down, I entered the carving of the bearded rice, and the moon shone brightly on the plain plate.
It is a shame that my mother, who is a drifting mother, is unable to thank me for the meal.
This poem was written by Li Bai after he was grateful to an old woman surnamed Xun for staying at her house in Wusong Mountain. In the fifth and sixth lines of the poem, he writes, "Kneeling down and entering the carving of the bearded rice, the moon shining brightly on the vegetarian plate." What is "carving beard"? The name "kawahu" refers to wild rice. Water bamboo is a perennial rooted herb that grows in China along the Yangtze River and the Lakes. And where is Wusong Mountain? Tongling County, Anhui Province. Tongling in the Yangtze River, water resources, suitable for the growth of wild rice. As one of the "Three Famous Dishes of Jiangnan", wild rice is a rare delicacy with a sweet flavor and tender texture. And wild rice is a popular way to cook it. Water bamboo, rice with a little bit of mushrooms and a spoonful of lard to achieve a plate of wild rice fried rice, very homely flavor, but also the authentic cuisine of Jiangnan. Can imagine, in a simple housewife home, the host family served such a dish of fragrant and attractive wild rice, wild rice reflecting the "vegetarian plate", the moonlight Ying Ying Zhuo Hui, is how "beautiful to eat". No wonder Li Bai sighed a "three thank you can not meal". History, in addition to Li Bai, there are many people also carve Hu rice praised, such as Du Fu, "Slip remember carve Hu rice, the aroma of jinbao soup" and Song Yu "wind fugue" cloud: "the master's daughter, for the minister to cook carve Hu's rice, cooking Lu Kwai's soup". A small wild rice can be in the world, taste the flavor of the four seasons of the people's memory occupy such a position, I have to say that the fertile soil of Jiangnan, beautiful scenery, beautiful people, food a not fall.
Two, Mei Yaochen and puffer fish
Fan Raozhou sitting in the guest language eating puffer fish
Mei Yaochen
Spring Chau Dixi buds, spring bank flying poplar flowers.
When the blowfish is in season, it is expensive not to count the fish and shrimp.
It's already strange, but it's poisonous.
The dolphin's belly is like a wild boar, and its eyes are like a frog.
If it is lost in the kitchen, it enters the throat as a preserver.
What need is there for teeth and teeth if the body is lost in this way?
Ask the southerners, and the party protectors will boast again.
They all say that beauty is not enough, who says that death is like hemp!
I can't speak to you, but I'm thinking of myself, and I don't know what I'm talking about.
When I came to Chao Yang, I was afraid of the food.
Zi Hou lived in Liuzhou and ate shrimp and toad.
Though the two things are abominable, their lives are not mistaken.
The taste of this was not comparable, but it hid a scourge that knew no bounds.
This is a good thing to say, even if it is beautiful or evil.
This poem was written by Mei Yaochen at a banquet with Fan Zhongyan. At the time, Mei had just left his post as governor of Jiande County in Zhejiang Province, while his good friend Fan Zhongyan was then governor of Raozhou. Fan invited Mei to travel to Mount Lu with him to comfort his friend, and at the banquet where he entertained Mei, one of the guests told him about the delicious taste of puffer fish, which aroused Fan's craving. Mei Yaochen, however, thought that it was not worth risking his life just for the sake of enjoying the delicacy of blowfish. He wrote a poem to Fan Zhongyan, advising him not to risk his life by tasting the blowfish. This poem coincidentally made Mei Yaochen famous all over the world, and the puffer fish was even called "Mei Fugu" for a while. Mei's poem was also made famous by Ouyang Xiu, another close friend of Mei's. Ouyang Xiu wrote in his "Six Poems" that the poem was a great favorite of Mei's. He also wrote a poem on the subject of the "Fugu". Ouyang Xiu wrote in his Sixth Poetry Talks that "Mei Shengyu wrote a poem called "Puffer Fish" at Fan Xiwen's seat: 'Dee buds are born on the spring island, and poplar flowers fly on the spring bank. When the blowfish is born, it is expensive not to count the fishes and shrimps.' Puffer fish is often out of the spring twilight, group swimming on the water, eat flotsam and fat. The southern people mostly make soup with dixie buds, which is the most beautiful. Therefore, the poet said that only two lines of the title, has said all the benefits of dolphin." Ouyang Xiu said, "the spring island of dixie buds, spring bank flying poplar flowers. When the dolphin is in the river, it is more expensive than counting the fish and shrimp." The two sentences have already told us all the good things about the dolphin. Let's have a look at its "wonderful". Puffer fish in China is mostly found along the coast and in rivers. During the flood season of the Yangtze River, it is easy to catch in spring and summer. The earliest record of eating puffer fish in ancient China is the "Classic of Mountains and Seas. The earliest record of the consumption of puffer fish in ancient China is the "Classic of Mountains and Seas", in which it is written that "there are many fish with lungs and lungs in Dunshui, and they kill people when they eat them". The "lung fish" refers to the blowfish. As early as before the pre-Qin Dynasty, some people have eaten puffer fish and have been killed. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, fugu was abundant in the Wu-Yue region, and the king of Wu regarded it as the best food, and fugu was even honored with the name of "Xi Shi". The liver of puffer fish was called "Xishi Liver" and the essence of puffer fish was called "Xishi Milk". In the early days, the people of Wu and Yue had a culture of martial arts and bravery, and it was probably because of this heroic spirit that they had the courage to "risk their lives to eat puffer fish". In contrast, although Mei Yaochen wrote a wonderful sentence describing the deliciousness of the blowfish, in the end, but less of the spirit of the spirit of the food for the fight.
Three, Fu Zeng and the Lantern Festival
Shangyuan Zhu Zhi Zhi Lyrics
Fu Zeng
Osmanthus fragrance filling wrapped in walnuts,
river rice as pearl well water panned.
It is said that the Ma family is good at selling rice flour,
The Lanterns are sold in the wind.
When it comes to Lantern Festival, it is a delicacy known to everyone. Fu Zeng the first two lines of this poem "osmanthus aroma filling wrapped walnut, river rice such as pearl well water pao." I thought it was written about walnut cheese dumplings. Walnut cheese dumplings are characterized by walnuts with osmanthus, the nutty flavor of walnuts and the fragrance of osmanthus, brain and body, is a good product. The Ma family in the poem refers to Ma Si Yuan in the capital city, whose Lantern Festival was extremely famous at that time. The beauty of the Lantern Festival is well known to the world. However, the Lantern Festival and the custom of eating Lanterns did not come into being at the same time, and there was a gap of more than a thousand years between them. The Lantern Festival was developed and emphasized in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and there are many folk legends about the "development" of the Lantern Festival, among which the story of Dongfang Shuo and the Lantern Girl is more romantic. And people in the Lantern Festival began to eat the first written records of the Lantern Festival appeared in the Song Dynasty. At that time, the Lantern Festival was called "Floating Round", "Round", "Milk Sugar Yuanzi" and "Sugar Yuan". From the historical records of "Pingyuan Renewal Draft", "Years and Years", "Daming Yitongfu" and other historical materials, Yuanxiao as the seasonal food for celebrating the Lantern Festival started from the Song Dynasty. Because the Lantern Festival must eat "round", so people use the name of the Lantern. Why is the custom of the Lantern Festival and eating the Lantern Festival far away from each other? I think there are two reasons. First, the main raw material of the Lantern Festival is glutinous rice is "on the Yuan Zhuzhi words" in the river rice. Glutinous rice is mostly grown in the south, and people in the north seldom consumed glutinous rice in the past and were not familiar with its consumption methods. During the Song Dynasty, the political and economic centers were moved to the south of the Yangtze River, and southern food began to spread to the north. Soup dumplings, which are popular among the southerners, also became a mandatory food for the Lantern Festival because of their unique flavor and beautiful holiday symbolism. Secondly, the production technology of the Lantern Festival. As emphasized in "Shangyuan Zh Zhi Zhi", "I see that the Ma family dripping powder is good", good river rice powder is extremely important to the delicious Lantern Festival. The technique of grinding glutinous rice into a fine powder has long existed only in the south of the Yangtze River, and even during the Song Dynasty, dumplings were as precious a delicacy as ever. This can be seen in the Song Dynasty, Jiang Baishi's poem "Your guests hooked the curtain to see the Royal Street, the market treasures a moment to come, the curtain in front of the trellis no way to travel, no money refused to go back." The "treasures" in the poem refer to the Lantern Festival. It is probably because of the technology. In this way, it seems that the description of the Lantern Festival in the "Shangyuan Bamboo Shoots Lyrics", although almost simple, is all to the point.
Three ancient poems, from the staple food to the dessert, from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, but still can not get away from a Jiangnan. Jiangnan region with the Yangtze River water system of moisturizing, plain terrain, land rich, end is unique and favorable conditions. Rice, vegetables, fish, food raised Jiangnan's "talented people", raised Jiangnan's "outstanding people". The origin of everything is the gift of the land. Ancient poetry, food, land, "ancient poetry" is history and culture, "land" is geography and nature, "food" is the attitude of life, the right place, the right time and the right person in order to enjoy the world's wonderful situation. No wonder the celebrities talk about poetry always set a good wine, with two dishes of small dishes, so that the true interest of the world also.