The spelling of beet is [tián cài]

I. Interpretation

Beta vulgaris, also known as water bream, is a biennial herb, which is native to the western and southern coasts of Europe and transplanted from Sweden to Spain, and is a major sugar source other than sugarcane. Sugar beet originated from the Mediterranean coast, and wild species of coastal beet was the ancestor of cultivated beet.

Second, the origin and habitat of sugar beet

It is native to the western and southern coasts of Europe, transplanted from Sweden to Spain, and China is mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia and other places.

sugar beet likes warm crops, but has strong cold tolerance. High soil fertility, deep soil layer, good structure, strong ability to retain fertilizer and water and convenient irrigation conditions are the basis for obtaining high yield and high sugar. Beets grow well in soft soil rich in organic matter, and the application of chemical fertilizer and manure has good effects.

Third, pest control of sugar beet

In the early growth stage of sugar beet, if there is too much rain or too high humidity in the field, brown spot disease is easy to occur, and it can be prevented by ploughing and loosening the soil frequently. After the ridge of sugar beet is sealed, chemical control can be taken, and 1 grams of thiophanate methyl and 5 grams of carbendazim are sprayed with 3 kilograms of water. After the end of July, in case of high temperature and drought, powdery mildew is prone to occur in the field, and 7 grams of triadimefon can be mixed with 3 kilograms of water per mu for early control.

IV. Morphological characteristics of sugar beet

Biennial herb with conical to spindle-shaped roots and juicy. The stems are erect, somewhat branched, ribbed and striped.

Basal leaves are oblong, 2-3 cm long and 1-15 cm wide, with long petioles, uneven and slightly shiny on the top, thick and protruding veins on the bottom, whole or slightly wavy, blunt at the apex, wedge-shaped, truncated or slightly heart-shaped at the base; Petiole stout, convex below, flat or grooved above; Cauline leaves alternate, smaller, ovate or oblate, apex acuminate, base tapering into short stalk.

2-3 flowers are clustered together, and the base of perianth is United with each other when it bears fruit; Perianth lobes are strip-shaped or narrowly oblong, turning leathery and arching inward when fruit is produced. The lower part of the utricle is trapped in the hardened perianth, and the upper part is slightly fleshy. Seeds biconvex, 2-3 mm in diameter, reddish brown and shiny; Embryo ring, pale; The endosperm is powdery and white. The flowering period is May-June, and the fruiting period is July.