1, eat more dietary fiber. Increase the cellulose content in the diet, such as eating coarse grains, miscellaneous grains, vegetables, fruits and other foods. Old people's teeth fall off, so it is inconvenient to chew fiber food. They can take medicinal chemical fiber, and it is better to eat more dietary fiber.

2. Increase activities appropriately. According to their physical condition, we should take appropriate physical exercise, such as walking, indoor or outdoor jogging, etc., preferably for more than half an hour every day, and can do it in stages.

3. defecate regularly every day. Constipated people should live regularly, regardless of whether they feel comfortable or not, they should develop the habit of defecating regularly after breakfast every day. The time can be arranged at half an hour after meals 1 hour, or in the morning or before going to bed, depending on their own habits. When going to the toilet, you can press your hands on your abdomen and hold your breath to increase the pressure on your abdomen, so as to promote defecation. It is best to drink a cup of warm water or light salt water in the morning to promote intestinal peristalsis.

4. Use laxatives. Phenolphthalein, rhubarb, senna and other stimulating laxative drugs should be used as little as possible, and it is better not to use them, because long-term use will induce melanosis of colon mucosa. Although there is no report of canceration so far, it is a pathological condition after all. According to clinical observation.

Melanosis will gradually subside after stopping stimulating laxatives for a certain period of time. Sometimes when temporary application is really necessary, it is suggested that the elderly can take cisapride, mosapride and other gastrointestinal motility drugs first, and taking them half an hour before meals is helpful to colon atonic constipation. If it is rectal constipation, anal plug or glycerin preparation, it can achieve laxative effect, and generally there will be no adverse reactions.

There are also some effective methods of relaxing bowels, such as drinking a cup of 300～400 ml warm or cold water every morning, or light salt water with a small amount of salt, and then going to the toilet to help defecate. Honey and jujube also have laxative effects. In addition, medicated diets such as hemp seed and perilla porridge, honey sesame and peach kernel, and honey cassia soup all have laxative effects. These foods are commonly used and are better than drugs for laxative.

Extended data

treat

1, insist on participating in exercise

The survey of the elderly over 60 years old shows that the incidence of constipation among those who rarely walk because of old age and infirmity is 15.4%, while the incidence of constipation among those who insist on exercising is 0.2 1%. Therefore, patients are encouraged to participate in exercises within their power, such as walking, walking or massaging abdominal muscles with their hands several times a day, so as to enhance their gastrointestinal peristalsis. Ying Qin, a long-term bedridden patient, turns over and performs circular abdominal massage or hot compress.

2. Cultivate good defecation habits

Carry out health education to help patients establish normal defecation behavior. You can practice defecation once every morning, even if you have no intention of defecation, you can wait a while to form a conditioned reflex. At the same time, it is necessary to create a quiet and comfortable environment and choose a sitting toilet.

3, a reasonable diet

The elderly should eat more grains and vegetables, melons and beans containing crude fiber, drink more water, and drink at least 1500ml every day, especially a cup of warm water every morning or before meals, which can effectively prevent constipation. In addition, you should eat some foods with laxative effect, such as black sesame, honey, bananas and so on.

4. Others

Preventing or avoiding the use of drugs that cause constipation, not abusing laxatives, actively treating systemic and perianal diseases, and adjusting mental state are helpful to establish normal defecation reflex.

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