1. The importance of diet for high blood pressure: people eat for days, a reasonable diet can make you neither fat nor thin, cholesterol neither high nor low. 2. 2. Dietary preferences and contraindications: ① Carbohydrate foods Preferred: rice, porridge, noodles, pasta, kudzu, soup, taro, soft beans. Avoid: sweet potatoes (produce abdominal gas food), dry beans, flavorful cookies. ② protein foods preferred: beef, lean pork, white meat fish, eggs, milk, dairy products (whipped cream, yeast milk, ice cream, cheese), soy products (tofu, natto, soybean meal, oil tofu). Avoid: fatty foods (beef and pork pate, rib meat, whale, herring, tuna, etc., processed products, sausages). ③ Fatty foods Desirable: vegetable oils, small amounts of cream, salad dressings. Avoid: animal oil, raw lard, bacon, sardines in oil. ④ Vitamins, minerals food Desirable: vegetables (spinach, cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, lily root, pumpkin, eggplant, cucumber) fruits (apples, oranges, pears, grapes, watermelon), seaweeds, mushrooms should be cooked before eating. Avoid: vegetables with hard fibers (burdock, bamboo shoots, beans), vegetables with strong irritation (spiced vegetables, mange tout, mustard greens, scallions, mustard greens). ⑤ Other foods Desirable: Lightly flavored tea, yeast milk beverages. Avoid: spices (chili peppers, curry powder), alcoholic beverages, salt-soaked foods (Naruto vegetables, Naruto fish roe), pickles, coffee. (2) Dietary methods 1. Three meals Dietary arrangement should be a small number of meals, avoiding oversatiety; hypertensive patients are often more obese, must eat low-calorie food, the total calorie should be controlled at about 8.36 megajoules per day, 150 - 250 grams of staple food per day, with 50% each of animal protein and plant protein. Hypertensive patients without kidney disease or gout disease can eat more soybeans, peanuts, black or white fungus and fruits. Dinner should be small and light, too much greasy food will induce stroke. Cooking oil should be vegetarian oil containing vitamin E and linoleic acid; no sweets. Eat more high-fiber foods, such as bamboo shoots, bok choy, Chinese cabbage, winter melon, tomato, eggplant, bean sprouts, jellyfish, kelp, onion, etc., as well as small amounts of fish, shrimp, poultry, skimmed milk powder and egg white. 2. Low salt The amount of salt per person per day should be strictly controlled at 2 - 5 grams, i.e., about one small spoon. The amount of salt should also be subtracted from the sodium contained in cooking soy sauce, 3 ml of soy sauce is equivalent to 1 g of salt. Salted (sauce) vegetables, fermented bean curd, salted meat (eggs), pickled products, clams and shellfish, shrimp, eggs, and Chrysanthemum coronarium, grass head, cabbage and other vegetables are high in sodium, should be eaten sparingly or not eaten. 3. high potassium rich food into the body can fight against sodium caused by the role of blood pressure and vascular damage, can be in the recipe often "show up". These foods include beans, mushrooms, black dates, almonds, walnuts, peanuts, potatoes, bamboo shoots, lean meat, fish, poultry, root vegetables such as amaranth, greens and scallions, fruits such as bananas, dates, peaches, oranges and so on. Fish regardless of which hypertension patients, fish is preferred, because epidemiological investigations have found that eating fish once a week than those who do not eat fish, the mortality rate of heart disease is significantly lower. 5. fruits and vegetables Every day the body needs B vitamins, vitamin C, can be satisfied by eating more fresh vegetables and fruits. Some people advocate, eat 1 - 2 apples a day, good for health, fruit can also supplement calcium, potassium, iron, magnesium and so on. 6. Calcium supplements Some people let patients with high blood pressure to take 1 gram of calcium every day, 8 weeks later found that blood pressure decreased. Therefore, you should eat more calcium-rich foods, such as soybeans, sunflower seeds, walnuts, milk, peanuts, fish, shrimp, jujubes, fresh potherb mustard, garlic, seaweed and so on. 7. iron supplementation Research has found that elderly hypertensive patients with plasma iron is lower than normal, so eat more peas, fungus and other iron-rich foods, not only can lower blood pressure, but also prevent anemia in the elderly. 8. Drinking water Natural mineral water containing lithium, strontium, zinc, selenium, iodine and other essential trace elements, boiling water due to precipitation, beneficial to the human body of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, etc. will be significantly reduced, so it is appropriate to meet the standards of drinking water to drink. Tea contains tea polyphenols, and the content of green tea is higher than black tea, which can prevent the oxidation of vitamin C, help the utilization of vitamin C in the body, and can exclude harmful chromium ions. It also contains potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, fluorine and other trace elements. So every day with 4 - 6 grams of tea (equivalent to 2 - 3 cups of tea bags) brewed, long-term use, beneficial to the human body. Tips: the above dietary principles, hypertension patients if you can put into practice, persistent, will be beneficial to health. Q: What about diabetes? Answer: Diabetics are prohibited from eating sweets and many kinds of fruits, because glucose, sucrose, digestion and absorption of fast, after eating will make the blood sugar rise; also eat less carbohydrate-rich foods, such as white potatoes, potatoes, lotus root, etc.; it is best not to drink alcohol. Diabetics can eat more high-fiber foods to promote the body's sugar metabolism. Such as corn, wheat, cabbage, leeks, bean products. Vegetables with low sugar content. Such as leeks, zucchini, winter squash, pumpkin, bok choy, green peppers, eggplant. And tomatoes with low sugar content, both as a vegetable and a fruit can be eaten more. Eat more food containing calcium. Calcium deficiency can contribute to the aggravation of diabetes. Such as shrimp, kelp, pork ribs, sesame paste, soybeans, milk and so on. Foods rich in selenium. Selenium has the same physiological activity as insulin to regulate sugar metabolism. Such as fish, shiitake mushrooms, sesame seeds, garlic, mustard greens, etc., they can lower blood sugar and improve the symptoms of diabetes. Foods rich in vitamin B and vitamin C. Supplementation of these two elements is conducive to slowing down the process of diabetic complications, and is beneficial to alleviating diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Such as fish, milk, cabbage, beans, as well as bok choy, mustard greens, kale, green peppers, fresh dates and so on. In addition, pumpkin, bitter gourd, onion, eel, etc. on the patient's drinking, eating, polyuria symptoms have obvious improvement effect, has the function of lowering blood sugar, regulating blood sugar concentration, suitable for eating more. If there is a need, I will be again for you to answer