The commonly used nutritional assessment methods are: nutritional assessment is a comprehensive assessment of the nutritional status of patients. Through nutritional assessment, we can judge the nutritional status of the body and determine the type and degree of malnutrition. Let's take a look at the common methods of nutritional assessment.
The commonly used nutritional assessment methods are 1. 1.SGA。
Subjective overall assessment is the most common nutritional assessment method, which involves six aspects and is simple to operate.
The more grades A, the better the nutritional status, and the more grades B and C, the malnutrition. Stress indicates physical symptoms such as fever.
Second, Micronutrient Assessment (MNA)
MNA is specially designed for the elderly, but it is not suitable for young and middle-aged people. MNA-SF is a simplified version of MNA with a simple title.
The score is 12- 14, indicating that the nutritional status is good;
The score is 8- 1 1, indicating the risk of malnutrition;
The score is 0-7, indicating malnutrition.
Nutrition evaluation method
(1) Clinical examination: ① Medical history collection; ② Physical examination.
(2) anthropometry: ① body weight; ② Height; ③ Body mass index; ④ Skin fold thickness and arm circumference.
(3) Biochemical and laboratory examination: ① plasma protein; ② Nitrogen balance and net nitrogen utilization rate; ③ creatinine height index; ④3- methylhistidine; ⑤ Immune function.
(4) Diagnosis of malnutrition: ① Malnutrition type; ② Diagnostic criteria of malnutrition.
(5) Determination of human body composition: ① bioelectrical impedance analysis; ② Dual-energy X-ray absorption method; ③ Total liquid titration; ④ Total potassium content method.
(6) Comprehensive nutritional evaluation indicators: ① Prognostic nutritional index; ② Subjective comprehensive evaluation; ③ Micro-nutritional assessment; ④ Nutrition evaluation index; ⑤ Nutritional risk index; ⑥ Prognostic indexes of inpatients.
The commonly used nutritional assessment methods include two aspects of nutritional status assessment.
(A) medical history inquiry
(2) Nutrition survey
1. Comprehensive nutrition survey
Should include:
① Dietary survey;
② Physical examination and physical development evaluation;
③ Laboratory examination.
Only by correctly completing these three contents can we make a reliable and comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional status of the children under examination.
2. Diet survey
Children's dietary adjustment is to calculate the amount of various nutrients from the types and quantities of food they eat every day, and then analyze their dietary balance according to the recommended dietary supply standards for children of corresponding ages stipulated by the state.
(1) survey method:
① Weighing method; 2 bookkeeping method; ③ Inquiry method.
(2) Evaluation of dietary survey results:
No matter what adjustment method is adopted, it is evaluated from the total energy supply, the ratio of protein intake to animal protein, and the ratio of the three major production substances. Generally speaking, the total energy and protein of food intake throughout the day should reach more than 80% of the recommended supply for children of the same age, and animal protein and soybean protein should account for 50% of the total protein, at least not less than 30%; The proportion of the three major production substances should be protein 10% ~ 15%, fat 25% ~ 30%, and sugar 50% ~ 60%.
There are three commonly used nutritional assessment methods. Nutritional assessment is a quantitative assessment of nutritional status. A comprehensive nutritional assessment consists of six parts:
1, dietary history, and compare with recommended intake.
2, medical history and medication history
Step 3 have a physical examination
4. Growth and anthropometry
5. Laboratory inspection
6. Intervention and monitoring
What aspects should nutritional assessment start from?
1. body weight: the change of body weight can directly reflect the nutritional status, but the influencing factors such as dehydration and edema should be excluded. The standard weight is related to gender, height and body shape.
2. Skin fold thickness of triceps brachii.
3. Upper arm muscle circumference (AMC).
4, grip strength.
5. Determination of visceral albumin.
6. Lymphocyte count.
7. Determination of nitrogen balance.
8. Creatinine/height index.
Classification of malnutrition:
Malnutrition, also known as protein heat malnutrition, is a kind of malnutrition characterized by tissue consumption, stagnant growth and development, low immune function and organ atrophy.
1, the energy deficiency type is mainly energy deficiency, which is characterized by obvious consumption of subcutaneous fat and skeletal muscle and atrophy of internal organs, which is called wasting malnutrition, also known as wasting syndrome.
2, low protein malnutrition protein deficiency and normal energy is called edematous malnutrition, also known as malignant malnutrition syndrome, malignant (protein) malnutrition. It is characterized by decreased plasma protein level, edema, dermatosis and impaired immune function. In the later stage, dysfunction of important organs such as heart, liver and kidney may occur, and symptoms of nervous system may be complicated.
3. Mixed malnutrition. Those who lack both energy and protein are called mixed malnutrition, which is the most common malnutrition.