Alloy type:
1, mixture alloy (* * * molten mixture), when the liquid alloy solidifies, the components that make up the alloy crystallize independently, such as solder and bismuth cadmium alloy.
2. Solid molten alloys, which form solid solutions when liquid alloys solidify, such as gold and silver alloys;
3. Intermetallic alloys are alloys in which components form compounds with each other, such as brass (β-brass, γ-brass and ε-brass) composed of copper and zinc.
Many properties of alloys are superior to pure metals, so alloys are often used as application materials (see ferroalloy and stainless steel).
Extended data:
All types of alloys have the following commonalities:
1, the melting point of most alloys is lower than that of any metal in its composition.
2. Hardness is generally greater than that of any metal in its composition; Special case: Sodium-potassium alloy is liquid and used as a thermal conductor in atomic reactors.
3. The electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the alloy are lower than those of any metal. Using this characteristic of alloy, materials with high resistance and high thermal resistance can be manufactured. It is also possible to manufacture materials with special properties.
4. Some have strong corrosion resistance (such as stainless steel), such as adding 15% chromium and 9% nickel to iron to obtain a corrosion-resistant stainless steel, which is suitable for chemical industry.
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