Production
Honey is the main product of bees is a sweet and viscous, transparent or translucent liquid. Honey is primarily derived from nectar, followed by manna and honeydew. Nectar is the secretion of nectar glands inside the flower of plants, manna is the excretion of aphids, leafhoppers, etc., and honeydew is the secretion of nectar glands outside the flower of plants. Bees use the tongue suction tube to suck the nectar glands of plants, sap or aphids, leafhoppers, the sweet juice secreted by the honey tube, through the mouthparts of the bees mixed with saliva and temporarily stored in the honey bladder, return to the nest, spit out in the hive room, after repeated brewing and become.
Honey is the nectar that bees suck from the nectar plant's flower and nectar glands with their tongue straws, and after bringing it back to the beehive, they spit the nectar into the hive from the honey sacs, and then repeatedly inhale and spit it out through the bees, and then the nectar mixed with the enzyme of the nectar sacs' secretion is stored in the hive. Under the action of the enzyme, the polysaccharide in the nectar is decomposed into glucose and fructose, and the water is reduced to about 20%, and the mature honey is basically formed, so people can use the centrifugal action of the honey shaker to obtain the finished product of the original quality of the honey, and from the food science point of view, the honey belongs to the plant food.
Physical properties of honey: Pure, high-quality, fresh, mature honey is a viscous, transparent or translucent gelatinous liquid with a sweet flavor and a strong aroma. Honey of lower quality often has a bitter, astringent, sour or foul odor. It is easily transformed into different degrees of crystallization at temperatures below 10°C or when left for too long. The physical traits they exhibit vary depending on the type of honey source.
The main ingredients of honey
The fact that honey has endured for thousands of years is related to the many unique nutrients it possesses. The main components of honey are:
(1) glucose and fructose that can be directly absorbed by the human body, about 65-80%;
(2) a variety of amino acids, including 8 essential amino acids that the human body can not synthesize, about 0.3%;
(3) more than 20 kinds of minerals with the human body serum contains almost the same proportion of the human blood, about 0.06%;
(4) more than 20 kinds of vitamins that promote human growth and metabolism;
(5) a variety of active enzymes.
Medicinal health effects of honey
Li Shizhen in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" elaborated honey as: "clearing heat also, tonifying the middle also, detoxification also, pain relief also." Modern Chinese medicine, honey can mainly prevent and control:
(1) gastrointestinal diseases: constipation, duodenal ulcer, colitis, dysentery in children.
(2) nervous system diseases: insomnia, headache.
(3) Infectious trauma, burns, frostbite.
(4) Beauty.
Honey and obesity
Sugar is mainly sucrose. Excessive intake of sugar from food will make excess fat and the body fat. And honey composition is different from sugar, mainly fructose and glucose also contains proteins, amino acids, vitamins, inorganic salts, organic acids and so on. Fructose and glucose are monosaccharides that can be directly absorbed by the human body and have the effect of rapid recovery and relief of fatigue. Moreover, honey in the B vitamins are more, can make the body fat into energy and release, so, although honey is sweeter than sugar but will not make people fat. As early as in the public no before the book "Shennong Ben Cao Jing" recorded honey "long service strong will light body, not old and prolonged life". The so-called "light body" is to lose weight.
The way to take honey
(1) honey in the mouth, can treat laryngitis, on the work of the tired, after staying up all night after the fire rise has a miraculous effect.
(2) mixed into a variety of beverages and food to take, the aroma is elegant, sweet taste, but pay attention to the temperature should not exceed 60 degrees.
(3) after drinking alcohol, including serving concentrated honey, can accelerate the decomposition of alcohol, eliminate alcohol headache, reduce alcohol damage to the liver.
(4) with honey coated lips, can prevent rotting corners of the mouth; with honey as a mask, can make the skin delicate, smooth, elastic.
(5) honey instead of sugar to burn, baked dishes, flavor, color and nutrition are good. Especially roast chicken, roast duck with jujube honey, its color golden, unique flavor, may wish to try.
(6) half an hour before the meal to take honey, can stimulate the secretion of gastric acid, therefore suffering from atrophic gastritis (lack of gastric acid), it is appropriate to take before the meal; on the other hand, two to three hours after the meal to take honey can inhibit the secretion of gastric acid, suffering from hypertrophic gastritis (too much gastric acid), it is appropriate to take after the meal.
All kinds of honey effects
(1) Hundred flowers honey picked from a hundred flowers, the essence of a hundred flowers, set of a hundred flowers of the whole. It is sweet and fragrant, nutritious and nourishing, and has the effect of clearing away heat, tonifying the middle, detoxifying, moistening dryness and astringency, etc. It is a traditional honey variety.
(2) Winter honey is derived from the nectar of the Chinese medicine tree species Duck's-foot wood, which is a unique winter honey species in Lingnan, so it is commonly known as "winter honey". The color is light amber, easy to crystallize, excellent texture, taste sweet and slightly bitter taste. In addition to the honey of heat, tonic, detoxification, moistening and other effects, there are sweating and symptomatic, the efficacy of wind and dampness, cold and fever, sore throat, rheumatism, arthralgia, have a better auxiliary therapeutic effect. It is a variety of honey with Chinese medicine characteristics, loved by people in Southeast Asia.
(3) Longan honey is unique to the southern honey species, with the aroma of longan. This product takes the longan benefit heart and spleen, replenish the role of qi and blood, blood and tranquility, stomach and spleen, clearing heat and dryness, nourishing the efficacy of the middle. Especially suitable for women.
(4) litchi honey is abundant in the south, litchi is known as the "king of fruits". Litchi honey from the nectar of the litchi stamen, aromatic flavor, sweet taste, slightly with the lychee fruit sour taste. It has its special effect of promoting blood circulation, regulating qi and tonifying the middle and moisturizing the dryness, and it has the moisturizing effect of honey without the dryness and heat of litchi. It is a unique honey species of Lingnan, gifts to distant friends and relatives "do not quit long as Lingnan people" of the special honey.
(5) linden honey is unique to northeastern China. The honey color is light amber, with a strong fragrance, easy to crystallize. This product has the effect of nourishing the stomach and tonifying the deficiency, clearing heat and tonifying the middle, detoxifying and moistening the dryness, and has a certain sedative effect. More popular with Europeans, it is a rare species of forest honey.
(6) Ziyunying honey, also known as safflower grass honey or grass honey, is the main honey species in the spring of southern China. With nature's fresh and pleasant grass scent, sweet but not greasy, fresh and clean sweet, the color is light amber. This product has the special effect of clearing away heat and toxins, dispelling wind and improving eyesight, tonifying the middle and moistening the bath, reducing swelling and diuretic. On the wind and phlegm cough, sore throat, fire eye hemorrhoids, etc. have certain auxiliary therapeutic effect, is the health care of people with high deficiency fire.
(7) Sophora japonica honey is a spring honey. Water-white transparent, thick texture, not easy to crystallize; with a light fragrance of acacia flowers, sweet, fresh and clean, fragrant and palatable. This product has the effect of removing dampness and diuretic of acacia flower, cooling blood and stopping bleeding, can maintain the normal resistance of capillaries, reduce blood pressure, and used to prevent stroke, and also has the effect of clearing heat and tonifying the middle, detoxifying and moistening dryness. For honey in the top grade, more suitable for cardiovascular patients health care consumption.
(8) Osmanthus honey is a rare type of honey, which is extracted from the wild osmanthus honey that blossoms in the winter in the old forests of the mountains. The aroma is rich and warm, pure and elegant, the taste is fresh and clean, sweet but not greasy, the color is water-white and transparent, and the crystallization is delicate. It is known as "the king of honey". Eurycoma osmanthus is also a rare Chinese medicine, "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine" records: Eurycoma osmanthus "eliminates wind and dampness, treatment of joint pain ......" and its active ingredient chrysanthemum glycoside has been proved to have good nutritional health effects. Cinnamon honey at the same time there is a clear heat and tonic, detoxification and dryness, etc., loved by people at home and abroad, in ancient times is the tribute of the Imperial Palace.
(9) Huanglian honey is extracted from the nectar of Huanglian in the nature reserve of Chinese herbal medicine in China, which inherits the medicinal properties of Huanglian and the characteristics of honey, not only has the health care and nutritional value of natural honey, but especially has the medical effect of this valuable Chinese medicine. Huanglian honey is yellowish in color, with special fragrance; it is slightly bitter in sweetness, sweet but not greasy, which can be said that good medicine is not bitter, but still has therapeutic effect. This product is characterized by clearing away heat and dampness, laxative and detoxification, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and has the effect of calming, cooling and removing fire. It is especially suitable for people who usually smoke and drink too much, have a strong fire in the heart, and are irritable in the mood for therapeutic health care consumption.
(10) five times the honey Chinese medicine honey. Extracted from the astringent antidiarrheal five times the nectar, slightly darker color, sweet taste, slightly Chinese medicine aroma. This product has a detoxification, diarrhea, sterilization and astringent effect on the lungs and kidneys, the spleen and kidneys deficiency and cold, shortness of breath, phlegm, fire and lungs have a good auxiliary therapeutic effect. It is especially suitable for people who suffer from sweat, lung deficiency, kidney deficiency, prolonged diarrhea and dysentery, hemorrhoidal blood, blood in stool, etc. It is also suitable for people who suffer from blood in stool.
(11) Patchouli honey is made from the nectar of patchouli, a rare wild Chinese medicine. The honey is amber in color and has a unique smell, with the aroma of Chinese medicine. As the composition and medicinal properties of patchouli honey are inherited from the Chinese herb patchouli, so this product is not only generally applicable to nutritional health care, but also in the relief of summer heat and dampness, gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea and vomiting, and clearing away heat and detoxification, etc. It is also a good auxiliary treatment for poor gastrointestinal function, digestive problems, and other problems. It is an ideal dietary supplement for people with poor gastrointestinal function, indigestion and weakness.
(12) Orange Blossom Nectar is extracted from the nectar of citrus, with light amber color, strong orange blossom aroma, sweet and slightly sour taste, fresh and clean. This product has the citrus of the thirst, wake up diuretic effect, food under the gas, the heat and poison in the stomach and intestines, in addition to the annoyance of wake up the wine. At the same time, there are also nourishing positive qi, phlegm, eliminating stagnation, tonifying the middle, moistening the effect of dryness, this product is suitable for the spleen and stomach dryness and heat, bloating, gastrointestinal disorders of patients with health care consumption.
(13) Dangshen honey is pure natural honey brewed by bees from the flowers of the Chinese medicine Dangshen, with Dangshen's efficacy of "generating new blood and removing bad blood". It is suitable for women's menstrual disorders, menstrual pain, etc. In addition, Salvia miltiorrhiza honey can also "cool the blood and eliminate swelling, clear the heart and remove the annoyance".
(14) Astragalus honey Astragalus is one of the indispensable drugs for the treatment of qi deficiency. Astragalus honey is extracted from natural astragalus flowers, with the Chinese medicine astragalus of the benefit of Wei solid surface, diuretic effect of swelling, so as to play a lift in the qi, diuretic, reduce nephritis, lower blood pressure, strong body. It can replenish qi and consolidate the surface, and is suitable for health care consumption by people with qi deficiency and excessive sweating.
(15) Platycodonopsis honey Platycodonopsis is the main medicine for the treatment of sore throat, with the efficacy of promoting the lungs and dispersing the evil, expelling phlegm and draining pus. Platycodon grandiflorus honey from natural Platycodon grandiflorus nectar, not only with the honey of the clearing of heat and tonic dryness effect, but also for external cough, chest tightness, phlegm dietary health care good products.
(16) Loquat Honey is made from the nectar of blossoming loquat flowers collected by industrious bees. It is sweet and appetizing, the best honey. Loquat honey has the medicinal effect of loquat, which is "the main treatment for lung heat and cough, stomach heat and vomiting, irritable heat and thirst", and it has the health care effect of clearing the lungs, draining away heat, resolving phlegm, relieving cough and asthma, which is the ideal choice for the patients who suffer from colds and flu and have cough and phlegm.
(17) Codonopsis honey is brewed by bees from the nectar of Codonopsis pilosula, a valuable Chinese herbal medicine, with a sweet taste and amber color. In addition to the characteristics of honey, it is good for nourishing the middle, benefiting qi and generating fluids, and has auxiliary therapeutic effects on the weakness of the spleen and stomach, qi and blood deficiencies, body fatigue and weakness, women's hematochezia, and anemia, and is suitable for health care consumption by people with weakness, cold stomach, chronic gastritis, and anemia.
18 (18) motherwort honey from the southwest plateau of China's non-polluting medicinal motherwort production areas, this product has the removal of blood stasis and birth of new, regulate menstruation and blood and other effects. It is suitable for women with irregular menstruation, excessive menstrual bleeding, prenatal and postnatal women, fully reflecting the care for women. For men, especially those with high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, kidney disease, etc., Motherwort Honey is likewise an ideal health food for health care and auxiliary treatment.
(19) Lycium barbarum honey comes from the main production area of China's valuable traditional Chinese medicine - wolfberry, which is brewed from the nectar of wolfberry flowers collected by bees. This product has both the traditional nutritional and health care value of honey, but also because it is the essence of the wolfberry, has the effect of tonifying the kidneys and benefiting the essence, nourishing the liver and brightening the eyes, moistening the lungs and relieving cough. This product is suitable for people who suffer from blood and qi deficiency, high blood pressure, physical weakness, vision loss, anemia, chronic hepatitis, toxic or metabolic liver disease and liver dysfunction caused by the biliary system. It is especially adapted to be consumed by men with kidney deficiency and lumbar pain, spermatorrhea, and busy work.
(20) cauliflower honey light amber, slightly turbid, with the aroma of rapeseed, slightly pungent, stored for a long time to alleviate the spicy taste, sweet taste; very easy to crystallize, after crystallization of milky white, the crystals were fine grains or greasy. It is warm in nature and has the function of promoting blood circulation and breaking gas, eliminating swelling and dispersing knots, and tonifying the body with blood.
Honey therapeutic prescriptions ---- family therapeutic prescriptions
The taste is sweet, flat, non-toxic.
It enters the lungs, spleen, large intestine, heart and stomach.
Effects nourishing yin and moistening dryness, moistening the lungs to replenish the deficiency, harmonizing all kinds of medicines, detoxifying medicines, nourishing the spleen and qi, pleasing to the color, and harmonizing the intestines and stomach.
Addresses weakness of the spleen and stomach, constipation, gastrointestinal ulcers, dry cough due to fatigue, dry pharynx and mute voice, spasm of the heart and abdomen, and is good at resolving the poison of aconite and epiphyllum; externally, it can be used for treating mouth sores and scalded fire wounds.
Contraindications 1, loose stools do not eat 2, avoid eating with raw green onions.
Description of honey, also known as honey, white honey, stone syrup, white sand honey. According to its collection of different seasons have winter honey, summer honey, spring honey, to winter honey is the best. If according to its different flowers, can be divided into date honey, thorn flower honey, acacia honey, pear honey, sunflower honey, buckwheat honey, purple daffodil honey, lychee flower honey, etc., which to date honey, purple daffodil honey, lychee flower honey quality is better, for the top honey. Honey is a nutritious side food, with the "essence of flowers" reputation, has been regarded as "nature's precious gift to mankind", "heart disease friend", It has been regarded as "a precious gift of nature to mankind", "a good friend of heart disease", "a medicine to make people happy and keep youth". Folk have long been widely used to treat many diseases with honey, and that it is a treasure to prolong life. In recent years, China's medical and health workers after repeated clinical trials proved that honey on heart disease, liver disease, hypertension, lung disease, eye disease, diabetes, dysentery, constipation, anemia, gastric and duodenal ulcers, arthritis, neurological disorders, skin diseases, scalded, frostbite and other diseases have different degrees of efficacy.
Selected honey therapeutic prescriptions
1, white honey, wilson 50 grams each, one dose per day in the morning and evening service, served for a week, on esophageal cancer has a certain effect.
2, 100 grams of honey, boiled water, for accidentally swallowed leeches (locusts).
3, 50 grams of honey, boiled water, morning and evening once for dry cough, dysentery, habitual constipation and constipation in old age; if you add 0.3 grams of ice powder with drink, can cure hoarseness.
4, 500-1000 grams of honey, served at once, the treatment of intussusception.
5, honey and winter melon juice, one cup each, *** mixing service, treatment of pregnancy urinary incontinence.
6, honey on the affected area, or add raw scallion white **** mashed compresses on the affected area, for all water and fire burns and sores.
7, every day morning and evening to take honey two or three times, each time three tablespoons. Can cure hypertension, coronary heart disease.
8, 30 grams of lotus root powder, with boiling water into a paste, add honey 30 grams of warm service, there is to clear the heat, moistening the lungs and cough.
9, 100 milliliters of fresh lotus root juice, 30 grams of honey, mix well and take, once a day, even served a few days. Can cure lung heat cough, dry throat, epistaxis and other fever.
10, 5 grams of Sichuan shellfish, 30 grams of honey, steamed half an hour to take. Cure long-standing dry lung cough, dry cough without sputum, or sputum with blood.
11, 30 grams of honeysuckle, two bowls of water into a bowl of decoction, remove the dregs of the juice, into the honey 20 grams, divided into morning and evening twice. Can cure influenza, pharyngitis, the elderly constipation.
12, 15 grams of black sesame (pounded), washed into the honey, milk 30 grams each, taken in the morning on an empty stomach. Can cure the elderly or women postpartum constipation, but also has the role of beauty and black hair.
13, Bletilla, Bacopa monnieri 12 grams each, Psidium guajava kernel 15 grams (mashed), water decoction to remove the dregs of the juice, washed into the appropriate amount of honey, divided into two servings, can be cured of tuberculosis. 14, fresh mulberry seeds are not limited to the mashed with gauze to take the juice, heated and concentrated to add the appropriate amount of honey, cooked into a paste, cooled and bottled. Every morning and evening to take two tablespoons, boiled water. Can cure youth gray hair, after the disease of qi and blood deficiency, neurasthenia and so on.
15, 250 grams of milk, boil and add 30 grams of honey, fasting warm. There are nourishing fitness, beauty and skin effects.
Identify the quality of honey
Currently, the market is often filled with fake honey, mainly high fructose syrup made of fake honey, its color is light, extremely clear and transparent. However, compared to honey, its nutrition is single and does not have vitamins, amino acids, minerals and active enzymes. Consumers should choose professional stores to buy products with quality assurance. Consumers can simply identify the quality of honey through the following methods:
1) Taste and smell: Consumers can taste and smell the honey when shopping, and observe whether the honey has an oily taste or odor. Generally good quality honey is sweet and has a light and floral consistent breath, if the aroma is too strong, it may be mixed with flavoring, poor quality honey with bitter, astringent, sour and even odor.
(2) water content identification: good quality honey with less water, viscous; with a sterilized glass rod will pick up the honey, honey will become silky, extremely long. Honey with high water content feels very thin.
Crystallized honey
Honey crystallization is a purely physical phenomenon, not a chemical change, so it has no effect on its nutrients and food value, and crystallized honey is easier to store and transport. Crystallized honey often makes consumers think that it is "molasses", although it can be heated at high temperatures to destroy the nucleus of the crystal to prevent the crystallization of honey, not knowing that the nutrients of honey has been destroyed, there is no active substance!
But the market does exist mixed with sugar honey, the difference is that the sugar crystallization hard, hand twisting is not easy to melt, and honey crystallization particles hand twisting is easy to melt.
Light and dark honey
The color of honey is directly related to the type of nectar collected by bees, and honey made from the nectar of different nectar plants has obvious differences in color. Some people believe that the lighter the color of the honey, the better the quality. It is true that acacia honey and some light-colored honey smell fragrant, good quality, but longan honey, ginseng honey, jujube honey also belongs to the superior honey. According to nutritional experts, dark honey in the protein, iron content is higher than the light honey about 50%, no wonder the British, the Germans on the dark honey favorite.
The way to identify real honey
One: Smell Single-flower honey has the unique floral flavor of the plant, mixed honey has a natural floral flavor breath, fake honey is sucrose flavor, there is a spice flavor.
Second: Eye View
1. Look at the concentration of honey, take a chopstick and insert it into the honey and lift it vertically. The high concentration of honey down the slow trickle, viscous large can pull silk, broken can be contracted into a honey ball. Fake honey or low concentration of honey is the opposite, even if you can pull long silk, broken silk is not flexible, will not shrink into honey beads.
2. You can take a drop of honey and put it on the newspaper. Pure honey with a high concentration is hemispherical and not easy to soak through the newspaper, while honey with a low concentration or fake honey is easy to soak through the newspaper.
3. Take a glass of water and add a little honey to it. Real honey will quickly sink to the bottom of the cup, not easy to melt, and when stirred slowly with chopsticks, there will be a silky streak. If it is fake honey, it will quickly dissolve into the water.
4. Look at the crystallization of honey, the crystallization of honey and its plant species and temperature related to the general natural honey in the 13 - 14 degrees Celsius when easy to crystallize. The honey that can all crystallize generally contains low moisture, high concentration, not easy to deteriorate, so it is high quality honey. Pure crystallized honey is delicate to the touch and has no sandy feel when rubbed by hand. Fake honey, not easy to crystallize, or precipitate part of the precipitate is hard, not easy to rub.
Three: taste Pure natural honey, sweet taste, slightly acidic, soft and delicate texture, soft and refreshing, throat feeling slightly spicy, aftertaste fragrance long. Adulterated honey taste sweet, but mixed with sugar or spice flavor, throat feeling weak, and the aftertaste is thin and short.
Four: Chemical test: honey mixed with starch will turn blue when added to iodine solution, honey mixed with caramel will appear white flocculent when added to a high concentration of ethanol, honey mixed with other impurities, inserted into the honey with a red-hot iron wire, the wire is attached to the sticky material.
Refrigerated crystallization test: honey stored at 4 to 14 degrees Celsius for a period of time will become solid, which is a physical phenomenon of honey. The crystallization of real honey is very soft with a chopstick and an eye, and fake honey can't be zapped. The real honey is pinched by hand and the crystals dissolve quickly, while the fake honey has the feeling of pinching and dissolves slowly or does not dissolve. Real honey crystals with teeth bite sound small, while the fake honey crystals are crisp and loud. Pour out the honey and wait for it to solidify a little, if it is real honey will form a hexagonal structure such as a honeycomb, the fake does not.
In short, to identify the authenticity of honey, a single method may have some errors, you can apply a variety of methods to identify a honey, in general, you can determine the authenticity of honey.