2. Planting method:
(1) Accelerating germination: Sweet potato seeds are hard, and dry seeds germinate slowly and irregularly, so accelerating germination is often used in production. Seeds should be carefully selected before germination, and mature, full and fresh seeds should be selected. When accelerating germination, the seeds are soaked for 65,438+00-65,438+02 hours, then put into a temperature box at 25-28℃ to accelerate germination, and taken out and washed for 65,438+0 times every day. After 4-5 days, select the germinated seeds and sow them in 2-3 times.
(2) Sowing: Generally, sweet potatoes are planted directly, and the sowing methods can be divided into crawling planting and bracket planting. Climbing planting generally has a row spacing of 50 cm and a plant spacing of 33 cm. Sow l-2 seeds in each hole, 3000 plants can be planted per mu, and the seed consumption is about 2 kg. The scaffold is planted in a deep bed, with a height of 20-25cm, a width of 50cm and a surface of 90cm. Plant 2 rows in each border, with a row spacing of 50 cm and a plant spacing of 33 cm. Put 3-4 seeds in each hole, and use 2.5-3.0 kg seeds per mu. After sowing, cover 2-3.0 kg of soil.
(3) Intercropping and replanting: sweet potato seedlings are unearthed 15 days after sowing, and after the first pair of basal leaves appear, they are replanted alternately, leaving 1-2 seedlings in each hole, and finally fixing 1 seedling. Replenish seedlings in time and transplant seedlings with soil balls on cloudy days.
(4) intertillage weeding: For sweet potatoes, intertillage weeding should be carried out before the seedling height reaches 7 cm. The intertillage should be shallow, and the roots should not be hurt. During intertillage, we can thicken the soil by 4-7 cm to avoid the fleshy roots from being exposed outside the soil, turning green in color and deteriorating in quality. However, it is also necessary to avoid excessive soil cultivation, and the roots are easy to grow.
(5) Water and fertilizer management: sweet potato seedlings should be loosened and topdressed in time. Every time you loosen the soil, you should pour human excrement and urine to promote its early development, and then topdressing when the root tuber expands in early June. In case of drought, pay attention to watering. In case of heavy rain, drainage should be done in time. If there is waterlogging in the field, it will easily lead to brown skin or root rot of sweet potato, which will affect its yield and quality.
(6) Flowering and stone removal: sweet potato begins to inflorescence at 5-6 nodes, and then almost every node grows inflorescence with the elongation of vines. If it is allowed to blossom, it needs a lot of nutrition to set pods and the roots are not easy to swell. Therefore, except for the seeds, as soon as the inflorescence appears, it should be cut off immediately, leaving its leaves for photosynthesis, at most 2-3 times. When the leaves of main vine 18-24 were picked, the vines stopped growing after picking.