OverviewGinkgo biloba is a plant with high medicinal value, ginkgo tree for China's ancient tree species, it is the magical tree of medical treatment, more than 250 million years ago when the Jurassic dinosaurs took control of the earth, ginkgo has been one of the most flourishing plants. Life on earth after hundreds of billions of years of change, especially after the fourth century glacier cover, only the ginkgo still maintains its most primitive appearance, in the history of biological evolution is known as "living fossil". Its leaves, fruits and seeds are of high medicinal value, and its pharmacological effects have been continuously recognized and the scope of clinical application has been gradually expanded.
English name Ginkgo Leaf
Latin name Folium Ginkgo (herb Ginkgo biloba)
Alias Moth Leaf, Duck Feet
SourceThis is the dried leaves of Ginkgo biloba L., a plant of the Ginkgo family. The leaves are harvested in the fall when they are still green and dried in time.
Related Herbs Ginkgo Biloba Bark Ginkgo Biloba Root Ginkgo Biloba
Method of Preparation Remove impurities and sieve out the soil.
TraitsThis product is much wrinkled or broken, the intact one is fan-shaped, 3-12cm long, 5-15cm wide. yellowish green or light brownish yellow, the upper edge of the irregular wavy curved, some of the middle concave, the deeper up to the leaf length of 4/5. with bifurcate parallel leaf veins, fine and dense, smooth and glabrous, easy to longitudinal tearing. Leaf base cuneate petiole 2-8cm long, light. Light body. Slight gas, taste slightly bitter.
Identification of the powder 4g, add 50% acetone 100ml, heat reflux 3 hours, cool, filtered with cotton wool, filtrate evaporated acetone, cooled, the residual liquid with ethyl acetate extracted twice, each time 50ml, combined extracts, evaporated, residue with 15% ethanol dissolved in a polyamide column, eluted with 5% ethanol, collected 200ml of eluent, concentrated to 50ml, cooled, concentrated to 50ml with ethyl acetate. The concentrated solution was extracted with ethyl acetate for 2 times, 50ml each time, combined with the extract, evaporated, and the residue was dissolved with acetone 5ml, as the test solution. Another ginkgolides A, B, C and white fruit lactone control, add acetone to make each 1ml contains 0.5mg of mixed solution, as a control solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B) test, absorb the above two solutions of 5μl, were spotted on the same sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution containing 4% sodium acetate prepared on silica gel H thin layer plate, toluene - ethyl acetate - acetone - methanol (10:5:5:0.6) as an unfolding agent, unfolded at 15 ℃, removed, dried, heated at 140 ~ 160 ℃ for about 30 minutes, placed under the UV lamp (365 nm) to check. (365 nm). In the chromatogram of the test product, in the corresponding position with the chromatogram of the control product, the fluorescent spots of the same color were shown.
Determination of content
Determined by high performance liquid chromatography (Appendix VI D).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test Octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel was used as filler; methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid solution (50:50) was used as the mobile phase; the detection wavelength was 360 nm; the theoretical plate number should not be less than 2500 according to the calculation of quercetin peaks.
Preparation of the control solution Quercetin and Kaempferitrin, each of them was weighed and dried overnight with phosphorus pentoxide, and the control of isorhamnetin, each of them was prepared with a high degree of precision, Quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were taken and methanol was added to make a solution containing 0.03mg, 0.03mg and 0.02mg per 1ml respectively, which was used as the control solution.
The preparation of the test solution Take about 1g of powder [at the same time another powder to determine the moisture (Appendix IX H the first method)], weighing, Soxhlet extractor, add chloroform reflux extraction for 2 hours, discard chloroform, dregs of volatile drying, add methanol reflux extraction for 4 hours, evaporate, residue with methanol-25% hydrochloric acid solution (4:1) mixture of 25ml, reflux for 30 minutes, cooled, transferred to 50ml, then to 50ml, then to 50ml, then to 50ml, then to 50ml. The extract was evaporated to dryness, the residue was added 25ml of methanol-25% hydrochloric acid solution (4:1), refluxed for 30 minutes, cooled, transferred to 50ml flask, and added methanol to the scale, shaking well, that is, obtained.
Determination method Precisely aspirate 10μl of each of the above three control solutions and test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, measurement, respectively, the content of the three flavonoid glycosides were calculated, and the following formula was converted to the content of total flavonol glycosides.
Total flavonol glycosides content = (quercetin content + kaempferitrin content + isorhamnetin content) × 2.51
This product is calculated according to the dry product, the total flavonol glycosides shall not be less than 0.40%.
Sweet, bitter, astringent, flat. Attributed to the heart and lung meridian.
Functions: astringing the lungs, calming asthma, activating blood circulation, removing blood stasis and relieving pain. Used for lung deficiency coughing; coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, hyperlipidemia, anti-coagulation, there is a certain probability of improving memory. Although ginkgo biloba can promote blood circulation, prevention of cardiovascular disease, but can not be taken at the same time other treatment of cardiovascular drugs (such as aspirin), ginkgo biloba extract is concentrated granular, with a strong scavenging of free radicals and antioxidant effects, ginkgo biloba flavonoid glycosides, amino acids and amino acids synthesized collagen composition of the body's cosmetic, to inhibit the growth of melanin, to maintain the skin luster and elasticity plays no small role.
Side effects of eating too much will be poisoned, triggering muscle twitching, pupil dilation. Pregnant women and children should be more cautious.
Dosage 9~12g.
Note that it is contraindicated for those with solid evil.
Store in a ventilated and dry place.
Folk use to fill the health pillow, in the "pillow record" recorded: ginkgo, on the earth has existed for 150 million years, the long life of the first plants, scientists called "plant living fossil". Ginkgo seed kernel is commonly known as white fruit, sweet taste, rich in nutrients, medical. Food is good, but also for medicinal meals or medicine, ginkgo leaves. Bark and roots contain a variety of chemical components can be included in traditional Chinese medicine, in recent years, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and many medical experts at home and abroad found that: Ginkgo biloba can be extracted from more than 160 kinds of effective medicinal ingredients. Among them, 35 kinds of flavonoids, 17 kinds of amino acids and a variety of trace elements. Pillow experts in the right treasure selected more than three years old ginkgo biloba and other valuable Chinese herbs formulated into ginkgo biloba health pillow. Light fragrance, can improve human respiration, improve sleep quality, long-term use can prevent and treat cardiovascular disease. Prevent adults due to vascular aging caused by hypertension, stroke, diabetes, etc., can make adults, especially in the middle-aged and old age to maintain a normal cardiac output and normal function of the nervous system of natural substances, so that people as far as possible to maintain a normal cellular life cycle, to maintain the youthful vitality of the dream.
Excerpts from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia
Ginkgo biloba compound, prescription ginkgo biloba with other herbs, can better play its role in lowering blood pressure, blood lipids, blood viscosity. The role of plant flavonoids in the human body is mainly to enhance vascular tone, dilate coronary arteries, soften blood vessels, improve vascular permeability, lower blood pressure, lower blood lipids and cholesterol, anti-platelet agglutination, reduce thrombosis, reduce intravascular high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), so as to achieve the efficacy of lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipids, lowering blood viscosity. Plant flavonoids are indispensable and necessary components in the human body, and Six Flavonoids Tea is rich in flavonoids and rutin.
Taking ginkgo biloba precautions experts speculate that the main component of ginkgo biloba flavonoids is a powerful platelet-activating factor inhibitor, long-term use may inhibit platelet coagulation function, and correspondingly increase the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, the elderly should take ginkgo biloba in moderation, and pay attention to regular testing of blood coagulation, do not blindly long-term use. For patients with age-related vascular sclerosis and brittle blood vessels, it is even more important not to take it for a long period of time, so as not to cause cerebral hemorrhage.
Precautions
Ginkgo biloba can not be brewed with tea and chrysanthemum tea.
Ginkgo contains a large number of ginkgolic acid, ginkgolic acid is toxic, generally buy the leaves have not been y processed and extracted, the ginkgolic acid content of up to 3,000-4,000 ppm, especially ginkgolic acid is water-soluble, a bubble not only did not eat the inside of the ginkgo brass and ginkgolides and other effective substances, but instead the effect is the opposite, it is full of poison!
In terms of medicines, especially hospital medicines, ginkgo products are allowed to contain 10ppm of ginkgolic acid!
Ginkgo biloba
The skin whitening wrinkle has a special effect.
1, whitening: in the body state is not good, our endocrine is easy to disorders, disorders, the body's oxygen free radicals too much, but the peroxide dismutase (SOD) is not enough, resulting in too much oxygen free radicals and dermal cells to produce oxidation reaction, the formation of a large number of lipofuscin (lipid peroxide), resulting in chloasma or stretch marks. The flavonoids contained in Ginkgo biloba can prevent the formation and deposition of pigments in the dermis, whitening the skin and preventing pigmentation plaques. In addition to flavonoids, ginkgo biloba manganese, molybdenum and other trace elements, can also remove oxygen free radicals and inhibit the growth of melanin.
2, wrinkles: the human skin completely renewed once takes about 3 months, but why do we still have annoying small lines on the face? The reason is that the dermis formed by the new cells have not arrived at the surface of the skin has been too much free radical oxidation, when it arrives to the epidermis is already aging cells. The flavonoid glycosides and flavonols in ginkgo biloba are scavengers of free radicals, protecting dermal cells, improving blood circulation, and preventing cells from being oxidized to produce wrinkles.