Huang taiji this person is very remarkable, I give an example, the Ming and Qing dynasties carried out a great war, is the Songjin war. Huang taiji because he was sick he sat in Shenyang, when the Songjin front military report arrived in Shengjing Shenyang, he was sick on the horse, to rush to the front line, this time his nose bleeds more than one, he was on the horse a hand resting on the bowl, and then the flow of blood, the other hand, waving the whip steering the horse south into. From Shenyang to Songshan about five hundred miles, Huang taiji is followed by blood while rushing, day and night, rushed to Songshan, to Songshan without stopping on the hoof to survey the terrain to understand the enemy's situation, deployment, planning and strategizing, and won the victory. So Huang taiji's governance, martial arts and strategy is our Chinese nation, the treasury of ideas inside a very valuable property.
There is a story that there is a jade seal, from the Han Dynasty until the Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Shundei fleeing north, the jade seal to the desert, and then lost, lost about two hundred years. One day, a shepherd saw that his sheep hadn't eaten grass for three days, and their hooves were always digging the ground. He dug this place, dug out a jade seal, is this jade seal, he offered it to the lindan khan, is the chahar department of the lindan khan, lindan khan after the death of the jade seal to leave his Su tai dowager empress and his son Erzhe, Su tai dowager empress and her son Erzhe returned to the qing dynasty, when the jade seal was offered to the emperor taiji. Huang taiji got after the jade seal very happy, he said I got "millennium of Switzerland", auspicious Switzerland. Huang taiji changed the name of the second year of the Manchurian tribe, changed the name of the country, by the great gold renamed Qing, why called Qing? Historical community is debated. There is a legend story, said that when Nurhachu in distress, rode a horse to escape, the horse is green horse, because the back of the pursuers chased very fast, Nurhachu riding a horse day and night to escape, the results of this big green horse died of exhaustion, Nurhachu said to the big green horse: "big green ah big green, in the future I won the world, my country's number is called 'Da Qing'". Of course, this Qing is harmonized, this is a legend of the story, we do not have to take it seriously, but why is the name of this clan in Manchuria called Manchuria? Some say it is the name of the person, some say it is the name of the place, some say it is the name of the Ministry, some say it is the name of the Buddha, is always a mystery, as to why the Qing Dynasty called "Qing"? Why called "Qing"? Academics also have a variety of sayings, can also be said to be a historical mystery. Huang taiji died, to give him a posthumous title, he called the Qing Taizong Wen Emperor, "Wen" word, highlighting his rule, his father's posthumous title began to call what? Called Qing Taizu Wu Huangdi, Wenwu Wu, is that Huang taiji he valued the rule of literature, that Huang taiji valued martial arts do not value martial arts? Also valued martial arts.
Huang taiji succeeded to the throne of the year, that is, the first year of Tiancong, 1627, Huang taiji sent his two big Baylor Amin, commanded 30,000 troops across the Yalu River, hit Pyongyang, North Korea's king fled, and soon the king of North Korea, said the surrender of the Amin and the North Korea, at that time, is the Jin dynasty, that is, the Jin dynasty and the North Korea, set up the "brotherhood of the Alliance! "The king of Joseon fled Pyongyang, and soon the king of Joseon surrendered. To Chongde first year, that is, Huang taiji emperor this ceremony, a grand ceremony, North Korea's envoys attended, North Korea's envoys do not kneel, not kneeling ceremony, the Jin officials said no, press North Korea's envoys, you must kneel, North Korea's envoys struggle, I just do not kneel, tearing, North Korea's envoys clothes are torn, North Korea's envoys in a fit of anger, left. Dengji ceremony ah! Perform such a farce, Huang taiji anger, you North Korea loyal to the Ming Dynasty, do not respect my Qing, you also sent troops, with the Ming Dynasty to fight my capital Hetu Ala, I want to personally conquest of North Korea. Therefore, Chongdeyuannian Huang taiji personally led the army to attack North Korea, the army to, North Korea's army is retreating, has been playing to the North Korean royal capital Seoul. North Korea King Li 倧, then retreated to South Hanshan City, the Qing army also chased to South Hanshan City. The next year, the North Korean army could not hold out, to surrender, on the east side of the Han River, a place called Sanda ferry, I went to see, set up an altar, kill the white horse Wu Niu, burning incense and oath of allegiance, the king of North Korea said respect for the Qing dynasty's righteousness, to the Qing dynasty tribute, the Qing dynasty and the North Korea into a not "brotherly alliance", is the "alliance of kings and ministers", the Qing dynasty and North Korea into a not "brotherly alliance", is the "alliance of kings and ministers". Junchen alliance", the original North Korea is the back of the Jin and Qing enemy, now become "junchen alliance", so Huang taiji westward, attacking the Ming dynasty, it eliminates the worry of the east.
The Manchus were preceded by the Jurchen, who did not have a tradition of succession to the firstborn, as many nomadic peoples have young sons. Nurhachu before his death, this problem has not been solved, that is, after his hundred years, who will inherit the throne? No solution, he died after this problem came, then hopefully inheritance, Nurhachu legacy of the main four Beilei, big Beilei Dai Shan, two Beilei Amin, three Beilei Manggurtais, four Beilei Huang taiji. I add here, Huang taiji according to Baylor row, is ranked fourth, according to his brother ranking is ranked eighth, there are many people ask? Huang taiji old four, four Baylor, not, he is the old eight, but according to Baylor row, he ranked fourth. Then the four big Baylor in the succession of Khan, the second Baylor Amin is Nurhachu's nephew, because of his father's problems, he has been convicted, so he is not qualified, and there is no possibility to fight for the succession. Third Baylor Mang Gur Thai, is Nurhachu's fifth son, this person is very primitive character rough, but also extremely reckless, his mother Fucha's, offended Nurhachu, this Mang Gur Thai his mother to kill, this kind of person between his brothers, the negative impact is too great, like Mang Gur Thai so brave, do a general to lead the troops to war is possible, do a king is not possible, so he also has no hope to Succession of the throne. The remaining two people, a generation of good, a Huang taiji, generation of good is big Baylor, in fact, he is the oldest, his brother Chu Ying was Nurhachu to kill, so he became a big Baylor, generation of good age, more military service, master of the army is also more, people are also more generous. Huang taiji with generation of good competition is in an unfavorable position, Huang taiji how to use strategy to obtain, his father's legacy of this position? There is a story here.
Nurhachu has a small Fujin called Deinze, one day denounced, said the big consort Dafujin Abahai, Dafujin has twice sent rice to the big Baylor Daixian, Daixian accepted, and ate, the rice and sent to the four Baylor Huang taiji, Huang taiji accepted, did not eat. Two said that the big Fujin often send people to the big Baylor home, sometimes also night head out of the Palace House, underneath the meaning is very deep, Nurhachu said that sent people to investigate, investigate the truth. Nurhachu also refused to spread the family ugly, said the big Fujin hidden things, it repaired her. Some people say, the little Fujin Deinze denunciation, is by Huang taiji behind the scenes instructions, is not this? We do not have to look deeper, but this thing, Huang taiji get two results, first, his brother stinks, second, the big Fujin repair, big Fujin is who is it? Is the big consort Abahai, dorgon his mother. Then, there is a possibility of inheritance of the throne, is dorgon and dodd, because the female - Manchu it also has a young son of the inheritance of such a saying, how to deal with dorgon and dodd? The best way is to kill the big consort big Fujin! How to kill? Nurhachu died, Huang taiji and a few people Beilei said, said the first Khan had last words, let Dafujin martyrdom, this is no proof. One theory is that the grand blessed jin hanged herself, one theory is to take the bowstring to strangle to death. She died, fifteen-year-old dorgon and thirteen-year-old doduo, it is impossible to compete with them for the throne. After some discussion behind the scenes, finally decided to Huang taiji succession. Later, Duo also said, said his father, his father Nurhachu, and the last words have a posthumous edict, said I am also in the list of succession. Later punished this dorgon, there is a crime, dorgon said: "Huang taiji that position is 'seize the establishment'". Huang taiji from uncle shuerhaqi death, to he got this Khan's throne, before and after the careful planning for fifteen years.
We look at the palace in Shenyang, the north is a Qingning Palace, next to the four houses, one after the four consorts of the house, when Huang taiji. This after four consorts have a characteristic, are Mongolians, are surnamed Borjigit clan. Think about it, in our Chinese history as the emperor, married to a foreign nation, not the nation, foreign "after" or "consort" or, these five are foreign nationalities, I think it may be unprecedented, Huang taiji why? The first queen, because his father was alive when he married, the queen is horqin department. The first consort is Guan Ju Gong Chen Fei, is the poetry of the "Guan Ju", Guan Ju Gong, Chen Fei is the niece of the Empress, Borjigit's. The Yongfu Palace Zhuang Fei? What about the Yongfu Palace Zhuangfei? The old saying that the Zhuang Fei, is the niece of the Queen, is Guan Ju Gong Chen Fei's sister, the three of them are from Mongolia horqin. There are two others, one is the consort of Lin-toe Palace, who is this? This consort is the widow of lindan khan, called sac sac Fujin. There is a diffraction of the Palace of the consort? Is also Lin Dan Khan's widow, called Do Tumen Fujin. We can see, do an analysis of it, the two despite being a widow, has been married to lindan khan, you also married her as a consort, despite his dominion is not big, but also still a beautiful woman ah! Why? One of the reasons, that is, and Mongolia Chahar marriage, to obtain their support, that three a queen two consorts is to obtain Mongolia is stronger a ministry, that is, horqin ministry's support. Through the marriage, to enlist, form a Manchu-Mongolian alliance, *** with against the Ming Dynasty.
A.D. 1641, the Qing Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty in western Liaoning, west of the Liaohe River in a decisive battle, called the Songjin war. This battle is Huang taiji military talent outstanding performance, but also his military art of a masterpiece, he used what strategy? The first called "siege to fight aid", "siege to fight aid" we are all very familiar with, but your military application is not easy, how to siege it? He first surrounded the city of Jinzhou, Zu Dashou Ming Dynasty generals in the city of Jinzhou was surrounded, the city did not eat ah, kill the horse and eat, eat horse meat, bone for salary, take the horse's bones as firewood, to cook horse meat, no food without burning. Chongzhen Emperor knew the news, sent Hong Chengchou rate of the army to reinforce, just in the Huang taiji "siege" plan, I will let you come to reinforce you, in the first plan. Hong Chengchou with eight soldiers, 130,000 troops, 40,000 horses, from Ningyuan today's Xingcheng north, step by step, and guard and battle, Huang taiji's second plan is what? Is "cut off the enemy's food", 130,000 troops, a day to eat how much ah? This food is mainly from the Ningyuan side of the Xingcheng side to transport there, Huang taiji cut off your grain road, 130,000 troops three days without food, this is a mess, how to do it? Then go back to find food, Huang taiji set up a third plan called "high bridge ambush", high bridge over this place I set up an ambush, you look for food just met the ambush, the army gathered and annihilated, then the army almost became a rabble, trampled on each other, corpses everywhere, not yet finished, Hong Chengchou, he led about 10,000 people, I'll be Solid defense of this Songshan City, this Songshan City is a urn, surrounded by mountains, the bottom of a low city, Huang taiji's fourth plan is called "catching turtles in a jar", on this lone city, I'm surrounded by your outside, Hong Chengchou finally had no way to surrender, not yet finished, Hong Chengchou surrendered, Chongzhen did not know, the newspaper said that Hong Chengchou was martyred, Chongzhen! Emperor personally honored him, pay tribute to him, mourning him, and later found that Hong Chengchou not only did not die, but also surrendered, Chongzhen Emperor made a very embarrassing ah! So Huang taiji's fifth plan, is to "persuade the enemy to surrender", is Hong Chengchou. As a result, the entire Songjin war, the entire Ming Dynasty Hong Chengchou rate 130,000 troops were wiped out, we think about it, in ancient times 130,000 troops were wiped out, is a concept?
Huang taiji was defeated by Yuan Chonghuan in the battle of Ningyuan, in the battle of Ningjin was defeated by Yuan Chonghuan, he said: "the former Taizu attack Ningyuan not yet, I attacked the Ningjin and not yet, like this field army can not be won, how to open our country's prestige. From these failures, Huang taiji concluded two important lessons, the first must have weapons, the most advanced weapons at the time of red artillery, this Huang taiji did. The second is to get rid of Yuan Chonghuan. Yuan Chonghuan used to be Nurhachu's nemesis, his father died under Yuan Chonghuan, can be said to not *** Daitian, that Huang taiji how to get rid of Yuan Chonghuan? Fighting on the battlefield, but how to do? Only design, set up countermeasures to get rid of him. That is, Tiancong three years 1629, Chongzhen two years, Huang taiji hit Beijing, Huang taiji bypassed the Ningyuan hit Beijing, his first plan first Yuan Chonghuan transferred out, let you leave Ningyuan, Yuan Chonghuan heard that Beijing was besieged, he was "King of Diligence", diligence that diligence, "King of Diligence! "is to defend the capital, rate nine thousand cavalry to defend the capital. The first is to transfer Yuan Chonghuan to Beijing, so as to implement the countermeasures. Transferred to Beijing, he had a few days without combat, Huang taiji personally set up a countermeasure, in this Beijing near the city, he captured a eunuch Ming Dynasty eunuchs, closed in a house, Huang taiji on the arrangement of his two generals, one called Bao Chengxian, one called Gao Hongzhong, both of which are Han Chinese, face to face. These two people, to the head of this house, this side of the house is the imprisonment of the eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty, a partition, this side is Bao Chengxian, Gao Hongzhong, this Bao Chengxian, Gao Hongzhong two people quite loud voice said: "I ah whisper, you ah millions of millions of people can not tell, this is absolutely confidential! Eunuch that not heard them say what confidential, he said today on Huang taiji, Huang taiji when fighting, because the two armies, Yuan army side over the people, they talked on the horse for a long time, meaning Huang taiji and Yuan Chonghuan, there has been a secret agreement, you must never anyone can not say. The eunuch pretended to be asleep, heard clearly, after a day to release the eunuch. The eunuch returned to the palace, reported the Chongzhen Emperor, Chongzhen Emperor believed that Yuan Chonghuan collaborated with the enemy ah! Immediately is the first day of December, called Yuan Chonghuan to the Palace platform to discuss the military pay, Yuan Chonghuan is no grass horse, no food, no food is in a hurry, go! Beijing is nine doors closed, how to enter the door? Yuan Chonghuan at that time he was the Secretary of the Ministry of War, and Artichoke Liao Governor so big official, sitting in a basket, take the rope to the basket hanging to the city, so to the palace. Chongzhen see Yuan Chonghuan did not discuss the military pay, ordered Yuan Chonghuan arrested, under the Jin Yiwei prison. The next year, August 16, Yuan Chonghuan was sentenced to "lynching", that is, death by a thousand cuts. The place is in Beijing's West City, roughly West 4th Dingzhi Street this generation. I've seen a picture, a line drawing of the picture, is to say that the "death of Ling Chi", with a tripod to the torture of people hanging, and then from the lower limbs, take the knife piece by piece, piece of his flesh, piece of the body and fish scales, blood dripping. There is a man called Ji Liuqi, he wrote a book called "Ming Dynasty North", he told this thing, slice down Yuan Chonghuan a piece of meat, some people pay to buy this meat, drink wine, drink a mouthful of curses, said you collaborate with the enemy ah! This thing has not been known to Huang taiji's countermeasures, Huang taiji's countermeasures is modeled on the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu that "Jiang Gan stole the book" this approach. Later, the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, to repair the history of the Ming Dynasty, repair Yuan Chonghuan's biography, turned out the Manchu archives, the scheme to the world, the Qianlong Emperor to Yuan Chonghuan counterattack. Huang taiji this countermeasure did not use a pawn, did not put an arrow a gun, to achieve a what purpose? Is the Chongzhen Emperor "self-destruction of the Great Wall". The Ming history - Yuan Chonghuan biography" said: "Since Chonghuan died, the border is no one, Ming death levy decided! That is, after the death of Yuan Chonghuan, the Ming Dynasty has decided to die, we can see from this sentence, Huang taiji countermeasures of this role.
We can also think again, at that time we have four stars in the heaven of the Chinese earth, one is Chongzhen Zhu Yuchan, the second is the leader of the peasant army Li Zicheng, the third is the Mongolian Chahar Department of the Khan Lindan Khan, the fourth is the Qing Emperor Huang taiji, they were in the historical arena, performed a mighty and majestic, can be singing and weeping of the history of the drama, the end of it? Lindan Khan Mongolia Khan go dead Qinghai hit grass beach, only forty-two years old, his consort, his Fujin into Huang taiji's wife, his base into the Qing dynasty's base. Chongzhen Emperor finally forced his own Empress to commit suicide ah! Draw out the sword to his own daughter cut, to the coal mountain hanged himself, only thirty-three years old, next to only a eunuch Wang Chengen accompanied. Li Zicheng in the Forbidden City to do a day of the emperor, and finally killed in the JiuGongShan, died at the age of thirty-nine. Chongzhen, Li Zicheng, Linden Khan, their foundation finally returned, Huang taiji and his son in the foundation of the Qing dynasty, but Huang taiji died at the age of fifty-two, he if more than eight years, live to sixty years old, then in the Forbidden City on the throne of the golden throne is not Shunzhi, but Huang taiji.
Huang taiji left the earth with regrets, he has two regrets, the Qing historical manuscripts said two regrets, the first regret is not determined, he also dealt with political affairs during the day, the night suddenly died, did not have time to deal with the aftermath of the incident, did not care about, not determined, the first regret. The second regret is called Daxun not set, that is, he wanted to move the capital to Beijing, the unification of the Central Plains, this grandiose volunteers, into a bubble did not materialize, these two wishes, these two regrets, by his son Shunzhi to solve