Redwood furniture Redwood furniture is divided into broad sense and narrow sense. In a narrow sense, mahogany refers to ancient mahogany, also known as old mahogany, that is, rosewood; Broadly speaking, today's redwoods are called redwoods. Divided into seven categories: rosewood, rosewood, rosewood, ebony, striped ebony and Pterocarya stenoptera. It involves 3 families of Papilionidae, Sumeriaceae and Persimmon, including about 37 tree species in 3 genera, including Pterocarya stenoptera, Dalbergia, Persimmon, Aralia elata and Aralia elata. First, the sour branch (old mahogany) is a "sun branch", also known as "purple elm". Sour branches are the main raw materials of mahogany furniture in Qing Dynasty. Furniture made of sour branches, with a little paint, will still look brand-new even after hundreds of years. It can be seen that the excellent quality of rosewood has already attracted worldwide attention. Suanzhi is a tropical evergreen tree, mainly produced in India, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Myanmar and other Southeast Asian countries, and originated in Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan and other places in China. Rosewood comes in two colors: deep red and light red. Generally, rosewood with "grease" has excellent quality, fine structure, hard and heavy nature and can sink in water. It is particularly obvious that dark brown or black stripes are often sandwiched in deep red, and the texture is clear and varied. Sour branch furniture is polished and painted, smooth and lubricated, with lasting luster, giving people a pure and implicit aesthetic feeling. Sour branches are called "mahogany" in the north and "old mahogany" in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, so almost all sour branch furniture is called mahogany furniture or old mahogany furniture except Guangdong. A lot of mahogany furniture in Qing Dynasty are sour branch furniture, that is, old mahogany furniture. Especially in the middle of Qing dynasty, it was not only large in quantity, but also good in wood and exquisite in production technology. In the eyes of modern people, it is real mahogany furniture. Second, rosewood pear is also called "flower palm". History can be divided into at least two types. One is the red sandalwood described in Wang Zuo's "New Gegu Yaolun" in the middle of Ming Dynasty, which is "fragrant and purple, and its flowers have a ghost face", that is, the so-called "red sandalwood, red and purple, seems to be fragrant and slightly fragrant", which obviously exceeds the concept of "redwood". Judging from various materials, Huang Huali is mainly produced in Hainan Island and South China Sea, and it is one of the most important materials for Ming-style furniture. The other is red sandalwood, which is called "old red sandalwood" in the north, but it is actually "new red sandalwood". This kind of rosewood is called "redwood" in Taiwan Province Province. It is a kind of Gao Qian, with a height of more than 30 meters and a diameter of about 1 meter. Produced in tropical and subtropical areas such as Thailand, Myanmar and Nanyang Islands. In the past, Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi also had a considerable number of rosewood. This kind of rosewood is recorded in the Natural History: "The leaves are like pears but not solid, the wood color is red and purple, and the texture is delicate. Can be used as utensils, tables and chairs, and study. " Chen's taxonomy also said: "Pterocarya is a red bean, and its height can reach 18 feet to 30 feet ... Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Yunnan. There are many Izumi and Zhangzhou in Fujian Province ... Wood is strong and beautiful, and it is used in fine furniture. " Many mahogany furniture in the Qing Dynasty was actually made of these rosewood. Modern mahogany imported from overseas is mostly this kind, which has become the most important material of mahogany furniture. However, according to the records in the Tribute to the Western Regions written by Huang Province in Ming Dynasty, it has long been considered that there are two kinds of rosewood: one is rosewood and arbor, which are produced in all parts of southern China; One is Dalbergia hainanensis, a deciduous tree, which is produced in the South China Sea. Both can be used as high-grade furniture. Hainan sandalwood is Huang Huali, so in addition to Huang Huali furniture, there should be mahogany furniture in the Ming Dynasty, which is what we call mahogany furniture today. Mahogany furniture is the most precious high-grade commodity in the wooden furniture family at present. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties in China, this kind of furniture has always been owned by the court nobles, and the common people have no way to ask for it. At present, mahogany furniture is divided into three types: all mahogany furniture, main mahogany furniture and mahogany veneer furniture. All-mahogany furniture refers to the wooden parts of the product (except mirrors, mirror plates and mirror lines) all made of mahogany; The main part of mahogany furniture means that the visual part of the product appearance must be made of mahogany, and other dark and precious hardwood or other high-quality wood can be used in the interior and hidden places; Mahogany painted furniture means that the visual part of the product is covered with mahogany solid board, and other similar high-quality wood can be used in the interior and hidden places, but the specific parts of wood other than mahogany should be clearly indicated on the quality guarantee provided. Sequoia grows slowly, is short of resources, and decreases sharply year by year, and some of them are facing extinction. Domestic redwoods are not only few in variety, but also extremely low in output. The mahogany used in domestic mahogany furniture is imported from India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and other Southeast Asian countries, South America and tropical Africa. With the growing voice of international environmental protection, these countries have adopted strict policies to restrict products, so the import channels are increasingly narrow and difficult. It is predicted that these precious woods will not be available for several years. By then, people will be very rich and it will be difficult to buy such luxurious and precious mahogany furniture. In 2004, at the Hanhai Autumn Auction in Beijing, a four-piece set carved with Huang Huali Yunlong pattern was sold for 65,438+0,654,380+0,000 yuan, which was the highest price of domestic classical furniture auction at that time. Today, the Catalogue of Prohibited Commodities in Processing Trade jointly issued by the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Customs and the State Environmental Protection Administration has been implemented. Among them, mahogany furniture is prohibited from being exported because of its precious raw materials. Prior to this, the relevant state departments have banned the export of five kinds of precious logs, such as mahogany. However, in recent years, whether in the field of collection investment or in the home improvement market, the general rise of mahogany furniture market has become a trend. Zhuo Zuhang, general manager of Pinyiyuan Beijing Commercial Bank and founder of Classical Furniture Collection Network, said that the introduction of the policy may not have an impact on the overall market of mahogany furniture. At present, there are few mahogany resources, and most of the raw materials needed to produce mahogany furniture must be imported from Southeast Asia, South America and Africa to meet the huge demand in the domestic market. It is understood that mahogany furniture once reached its peak in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and both materials and design were in the forefront of the world. Zhang Shaowu, secretary-general of the Furniture Collection Committee of China Collectors Association, said that in fact, mahogany furniture has existed throughout the ages, but in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, its manufacturing technology was the most exquisite, and the carving technology in the Ming Dynasty was relatively simple and vivid; The Qing Dynasty was more complicated, but in various dynasties, furniture made of the following materials attracted the most attention: rosewood, Huang Huali, chicken wing wood and rosewood, among which rosewood furniture was the most precious. Pinyiyuan Beijing Commercial Firm, operated by Zhuo Zuhang, has been purchasing classical furniture from Guangdong, Fujian and other hardwood furniture raw materials for more than ten years, with an annual investment of 6.5438+million yuan, but the purchase price has been rising sharply in recent years. Seven or eight years ago, the purchase price of a piece of classical furniture was usually several hundred yuan, but now it has to reach 4,000 yuan to 5,000 yuan. Zhuo Zuhang introduced that the value of furniture is related to many factors, such as wood, year, appearance, style, survival, craft (carving technique) and so on. Among all kinds of hardwood furniture worthy of attention, mahogany furniture called "old mahogany" by Beijingers is the most easily accepted by ordinary families and collectors. Compared with mahogany and yellow gorgeous, the price is lower. For example, you can buy five sets of old mahogany furniture imported from Laos for the price of a set of mahogany round-backed chairs in the Ming Dynasty. Zhang Shaowu introduced that the market value of hardwood furniture has been greatly improved, especially in the years after 2000, the price of a pair of rosewood chairs was 65,438+10,000, and now it is nearly one million. Zhang Dexiang introduced that Ming and Qing furniture in its heyday gained more recognition in recent years, and its market value increased by 20% every year. Imitations are still valuable for collection. Imitation of Ming and Qing classical furniture is very popular in the current home improvement market because of its hard and dense wood, gorgeous texture and elegant color, and there is room for appreciation. Zhang Dexiang introduced that the imitation of high imitation furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties was very prosperous in the past 10 years, mainly because of the huge demand in the current market. On the one hand, it is people's pursuit of China furniture culture, on the other hand, it is its collection value, and the rarity of its materials makes its imitations also have high collection value. Moreover, due to the existence of imitations, the varieties are more complete and closer to people's lives at present, so antique furniture is more popular in China. According to Zhuo Zuhang, Nanhai Huang Huali wood is the best wood, but now the raw materials on the market have basically disappeared, so the imitation of this material itself is also very valuable, and the carving process is also the decisive factor of the imitation price. According to Zhuo Zuhang, the popularity of mahogany furniture is mainly driven by the China market, because the raw materials of China mahogany furniture are mainly produced in Guangdong and Guangxi. After a lot of logging in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the existing stock is very scarce. There are many imports from neighboring countries in history, such as mahogany imported from India and Indonesia in the Qing Dynasty. Although some Vietnamese countries have limited their exports in this country because of the scarcity of tree species, they are still affected by the improvement of the overall market in China. /view/7 1 1 17 . html