What does gardenia look like (Figure)
What is a mast?
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, alias: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and Toad, is the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, a Rubiaceae plant, which is slightly sour and bitter.
Gardenia fruit is a traditional Chinese medicine, which belongs to the first batch of dual-purpose resources released by the Ministry of Health. It contains crocin groups and can be used as a yellow dye.
Appearance of Gardenia Flower (Figure)
What does gardenia tree look like?
Gardenia is a shrub with a height of 0.3-3 meters; The shoots are often short-haired, and the branches are cylindrical and gray.
Gardenia leaves are opposite, or 3-wheeled, leathery, papery, and diverse in shape, usually oblong-lanceolate, obovate-oblong, obovate or oval, 3-25cm long, 0/.5-8 cm wide, and the top is gradually pointed, sometimes long and gradually pointed or short and blunt.
The base is wedge-shaped or short-pointed, often hairless on both sides, bright green at the top and dark at the bottom; 8- 15 pairs of lateral veins, convex downward and flat upward; Petiole length 0.2- 1 cm; Stipules membranous.
Gardenia blossoms and bears fruit (fig.)
What shape is gardenia?
Gardenia is fragrant, usually solitary at the top of the branch, and the pedicel is 3-5 mm long; Calyx tube is inverted cone or oval, 8-25mm long, with longitudinal edges, tubular calyx eaves and swelling.
Gardenia is 5-8-cleft at the top, generally 6-cleft. The lobes are lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, with a length of 10-30mm and a width of 1-4mm, and grow and persist when bearing fruit.
Its corolla is white or milky yellow, with high legs, saucer-shaped, sparse throat, narrow cylindrical crown tube, 3-5 cm long and 4-6 mm wide, with 5-8 cracks at the top, generally 6.
Generally, the petals of gardenia are in the form of spreading, obovate or obovate oblong, with a length of1.5-4cm and a width of 0.6-2.8cm; Filaments are extremely short, anthers are linear, long 1.5-2.2 cm, protruding.
The style is stout, about 4.5 cm long, the stigma is spindle-shaped, protruding, 1- 1.5 cm long, 3-7 mm wide, and the ovary is about 3 mm in diameter, yellow and smooth.
Generally speaking, gardenias begin to germinate in winter and will not bloom until summer solstice. The longer the bud period, the longer the fragrance will last.
The appearance of gardenia (pictured)
What does gardenia look like?
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is the dried and mature fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis of Rubiaceae, and its roots can also be used as medicine. From September to June,165438+1October, the fruit red Huang Shi is harvested, pedicled and impurity removed, steamed to SAIC or slightly scalded in boiling water, and taken out to dry. Dig roots in summer and autumn, wash and dry.
Gardenia fruit is oval, nearly spherical, ovoid or oblong, yellow or orange-red, with a length of1.5-7cm, a diameter of1.2-2cm and 5-9 longitudinal wings.
Generally, the persistent sepals of gardenia are 4 cm long and 6 mm wide. The seeds are mostly oblate and slightly angular, about 3.5 mm long and 3 mm wide.
What does the gardenia on the fruit tree look like (Figure)
Medicinal forms and functions of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis
① Form
Gardenia is oblong or oval, with a length of1.5 ~ 3.5cm and a diameter of1~1.5cm..
② surface
Its surface is reddish yellow or brownish red, with 6-winged longitudinal ribs, and there are often 1 obvious longitudinal veins between the ribs, and there are branches.
Generally, gardenia has sepals at the top, a little sharp at the base, and residual fruit stalks. The peel is thin and crisp with a slight luster.
And its inner surface is bright and shiny, with 2 ~ 3 raised false diaphragms.
Its seeds are mostly oblate, tufted, crimson or reddish yellow, and the surface is densely covered with tiny verrucous protrusions.
③ Dyeing materials
Gardenia was the most widely used yellow dye before Qin and Han Dynasties. The fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis contains ketone dyes genistein and crocin, and crocin is used to dye yellow.
The origin of mast
Gardenia is mainly produced in Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou and other regions, and cultivated in Hebei, Shaanxi and Gansu.