Purple cabbage has different names in different places. Some places are called red cabbage, also known as Guanyin cabbage, angelica, red maple cabbage, Guanyin amaranth and Compositae. All the above names are correct, except that you can't call them perilla. Purple spinach likes to grow in dark and humid places. The leaves are green at the bottom and purple at the back, which is called "red cabbage".
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Cultivation techniques of perilla frutescens:
1, land selection and land preparation
Perilla frutescens has strong adaptability to climate and soil. It is best to choose loose and fertile sandy loam and loam with sufficient sunshine and good drainage, while heavy clay grows poorly. Soil preparation, turning to the depth of 15cm, and harrowing. Fine, make a border, the width of the border and groove is 200 cm, and the depth of the groove is 15-20 cm.
2, loosen the soil
Weeding should be done frequently before closing the ridge for plant growth, and attention should be paid to weeding between seedlings in direct seeding area. When the seedling height in the drill field is 15cm, it should be fixed at 30cm, and the surplus seedlings should be used for transplanting. The plants in the direct seeding area grow fast and the density is high, so the plants grow in vain, and few plants are branched or not. Although it can reach the height of the plant, there are fewer leaves under the plant, poor illumination and air falling off, which affects the yield of leaves and perilla oil. At the same time, the stems with many leaves and few leaves also affect the specifications of the whole grass, so it is not too early to sow seedlings. From field planting to ridge sealing, loosen the soil and weed twice.
3. Temperature
Requirements for environmental conditions: Perilla likes warm and humid climate, seeds can germinate above 5℃, and the suitable germination temperature is 18-23℃. The seedling stage can bear the low temperature of 1-2℃. Plants grow slowly at lower temperatures. It grows vigorously in summer. The suitable temperature for flowering is 22-28℃ and the relative humidity is 75%-80%. Resistant to humidity, strong waterlogging and drought, especially in the organ formation period of the product, such as too dry air, too thick and hard stems and leaves, too much fiber and poor quality. It has wide adaptability to soil and can grow in the shade.
4. Surface treatment
The growth time of perilla frutescens is relatively short, and the whole grass can be harvested two and a half months after planting, and the whole grass is used as medicine, so nitrogen fertilizer is mainly used. Concentrate fertilization before ridge closure.
In the direct seeding area, topdressing should be applied when the height of seedlings is 30cm. After furrowing between rows, human manure 15000-22500kg or ammonium sulfate 1 12.5kg and calcium superphosphate 150kg should be applied per hectare, and the fertilizer should be buried with loose soil. For the second time, apply "Barnadat Bika Fertilizer" again before closing the ridge. The method is the same as above. But be careful not to touch the leaves this time.
5. Irrigation
After sowing or transplanting, if it doesn't rain for several days, water it in time. Pay attention to drainage in rainy season, dredge the operation channel, and prevent stagnant water from littering.
6, harvesting and processing
Perillae should be harvested in sunny days, with rich fragrance and easy to dry. Perilla leaves should be harvested from late July to early August, when the leaves have not yet blossomed.