Caiwei

[Author] Anonymous ? [Dynasty] Pre-Qin

Caiwei Caiwei, Wei also as stop. It is said to return, and the year is also not stopped. The long-snout dog is a long-lasting friend. The long-snout dog is the reason why there is no time to start living.

The first thing I want to say is, "I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry. The first thing that I want to do is to say, "I want to go back to my home. The heart of the world is full of worry, and it is full of hunger and thirst. The first thing that I want to do is to make sure that I have the right to go back.

The first thing you need to do is to get your hands dirty. The first time I saw this was when I was a young man, and the second time I saw it was when I was a young man. The government is covered with a lot of money, so it is not easy to start a business.

What is it?

They're not the only ones. The first is the one that is not. The first is the one in which the two are in the same boat, and the second is the one in which the two are in the same boat. I am not sure if I will be able to make it to the next stage of the game. The month of January is a month of three successes.

The four peasants are in the center of the road, and the four peas are in the center of the road. The four peasants are the ones that the gentleman relies on, and the villain is the one who is in charge. The four peasants are the wings of the elephant, and the fish are the clothes of the fish. I am not sure if I will be able to keep my eyes open for the long-snout dog. The long-snout dog is a long-snout dog!

Previously, I was in the willows. The first time I saw this was when I was a student at the University of California at Berkeley. The first time I saw this was when I was a kid, and it was a long time ago, and it was a long time ago. I'm not sure how much I'm going to get out of this, but I'm sure I'm going to get out of it!

Tags: war Psalms Homesickness 300 Ancient Poems Scenes Other Emotions

Translation of "Cai Wei"

Bean seedlings have been picked and picked again and again, and the vetch has just sprung up from the ground. I said I was going home, but it is the end of the year and I still can't realize it. I have no wife and no home, all for the sake of fighting the long-snouted tribe. There is no time to live in peace and rest, all for the sake of fighting with the long-snouted tribe.

Bean seedlings picked and picked, vetch tender look. How sorrowful is the heart when it says home and home. Worrying is like burning, hunger and thirst is really hard to bear. The location of the garrison cannot be fixed, and it is impossible to make people bring letters home.

The beanstalks are picked and picked, and the stalks and leaves of the vetch are getting old. The first thing I want to do is to get the money back from the government. I'm not going to be able to get a good look at this, but I'm going to be able to get a good look at this," he said. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to get back to my family, but I'm going to be able to get back to my family.

What is the flower that is blooming? I'm not going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it. The first thing I'd like to say is that I don't know what to do. The first thing I want to say is that I'm not going to be able to go back to my home. The army car has been driven up, four male horses are tall and big. Where do you dare to stay in peace? Because a month many times war!

The four majestic horses have been driven up, and the four horses are tall and strong. The generals sat on them, and the soldiers relied on them for concealment and shelter. The four horses have been skillfully trained, and there are bows adorned with elephant bones and sharkskin arrow pouches (a reference to fine equipment). How can one not be on daily alert? It's an emergency for the long-snout tribe.

When I think back to the time when I went on the expedition, the willows were blowing with the wind. The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal on the way back to your home. The roads are muddy and difficult to walk on, and I'm hungry and thirsty, so I'm really tired. I'm full of sadness and grief, and I can't tell you how much I feel!

(1) Wei: a kind of wild pea genus of the legume family, the scientific name of the rescue of wild peas, also known as the large nesting vegetables, seeds, stems and leaves are edible. The Historical Records, Volume 61, Bo Yi Lie Chuan, recorded: "King Wu has leveled the Yin rebellion, the world Zong Zhou, and Bo Yi, Shuji shame, righteousness does not eat Zhou corn, hidden in the Shou Yang Mountain, picking Wei and eat." The story is about Bo Yi and Shu Qi who lived in seclusion in the mountains, not serving the Zhou in righteousness. According to the fourth book of the Book of History, "The fourth book of the Annals of Zhou", the royal family was in decline at the time of King Yi, and people made thorns. The story of "Thorn" refers to "Cai Wei" (采薇). According to the Book of the Han Dynasty (汉书-Xiong Nu Biography), when King Yi, the grandson of King Mu, was born, the royal family declined, and the Rong Di invaded and tyrannized China. China was its suffering, the poet began to write, fast and song, said: "'by room and home, the long-snout tribe of the reason', 'is not the day of warning, long-snout tribe hole thorns'."

(2) made: refers to the vetch emerging from the ground.

(3) stop: end-of-sentence auxiliary, no real meaning.

(4) said: the beginning of the sentence, sentence auxiliary, no real meaning.

(5) Mo: through the "twilight", also read as "twilight". This article refers to the end of the year.

(6)靡（mǐ）室靡家：No normal family life. The word "mǐ" means "no", and the word "mǐ" refers to the end of the year. The meaning of "room" is the same as "home".

(7) No time (huáng): no time. The same is true for "home".

(8) Kaiju: kneeling and sitting, meaning rest and recuperation. Kai, kneeling, kneeling and sitting. Dwelling, sitting and dwelling in peace. Ancient people sat on the ground, with both knees on the mat; when sitting dangerously, the waist was straight, and the buttocks were away from the feet; when sitting peacefully, the buttocks were attached to the heels of the feet.

(9) long-snout dog (xiǎn) tribe (yǔn): the name of an ancient Chinese minority.

(10) Soft: tender. The word "soft" grows further than "make". It refers to the soft and tender look of the freshly grown vetch.

(11) fiery: fiery, describing worry as burning.

(12) Zài (zài) hunger and thirst: then hunger and thirst, hunger and thirst. Zai ...... Zai ......, that is, again ...... and again .......

(13) garrison (shù): defense, here refers to the location of defense.

(14) Hire (pìn): a tone of greeting.

(15) just (刚) : hard.

(16) Yang: the tenth month of the lunar calendar, the small spring season. Today, it is also said that the "October sunny spring".

((17) extravagant: nothing.

(18) sprinkled (gǔ): stop, end.

(19) Qidu: rest, rest.

(20)Kong: very, very much.

(21) Guilt: illness, suffering.

(22) I can't come: meaning: I can't go home. Come, go home. (One said, after I set out from the army, no one has come to offer condolences)

(23)Chang: Chang Dai (棠棣), both plant name.

(24) Road: tall chariot. S He, Judas Wei He. S, tone auxiliary, no real meaning.

(25) Junzi: refers to the general.

(26) Villain: refers to soldiers.

(27) Rong (róng): car, troop car.

(28) 牡 (mǔ): a male horse.

(29) Yeye: tall.

(30) Settle: to live in peace.

(31) Jie: victory. It is said to engage in battle or war. One said, Jie, evil out, refers to the change of route march. This sentence means, January march many times.

(32) Kui (kuí): strong and powerful. The word "kuí" here means that the horse is strong.

(33) Phi (féi): shelter, cover.

(34) Wing (翼翼): neatness. It is said that the horse is well-trained.

(35) Repeat (mǐ): a type of bow whose ends are decorated with bone horns. One said that the bow at the ends of the bend. Elephant repel, with ivory to decorate the bow end of the repel. Fish clothes, shark fish skin made of arrow pouches.

(36) day alert: daily vigilance alert.

(37) thorny (jí): urgent. Kong Thorn, very urgent.

(38) former: once upon a time, when the text points out the expedition.

(39) yi yi: describes the gentle willow, swaying with the wind.

(40) Si: used at the end of the sentence, there is no real meaning Rain: sound the same as jade, for the meaning of "under".

(41) Fay (fēi) Fay: the look of snowflakes falling.

(42) Late: the appearance of being slow.

(43) Go: to be in the army at first.

The poem describes a scene: in winter, with rain falling and snowflakes in profusion, a soldier on his way back home walks alone. The road is rough, and he is hungry and thirsty; but the border is getting farther and farther away, and his hometown is getting nearer and nearer. At this moment, he looked at his hometown, looking back to the past, can not help but think a lot of thoughts, mixed feelings. The grueling military life, the fierce battle scenes, and the countless times he climbed up to look back home, one scene after another reappeared in front of his eyes. This poem is the reminiscence and sigh of a soldier who had been stationed in the army for a long time three thousand years ago on his way home. It is categorized as "Xiao Ya", but is quite similar to "Guo Feng".

The poem has six chapters, which can be divided into three layers. The first three chapters are the first layer, which recalls the memories of the journey, and the first three chapters are the first layer, which recalls the memories of the journey. The first three chapters are one layer, recalling the feeling of longing for home, and describing the reasons why it is difficult to return. In the first four lines of these three chapters, the superposition of the words in the chapter is used to express the feeling of homesickness and hope for return in a gradual manner; and as time passes by, this feeling becomes more and more urgent and intolerable. The first line starts with the picking of the vetch, but in the midst of this, it is also an expression. Because of the edible vetch, the soldiers are picking vetch to satisfy their hunger. So this handful of starting sentence, is the verbal eye outlook, reflecting the life of the soldiers on the border of the bitter situation. The soldier's "picking meadowsweet" is not the same as the woman's "picking stellar artemisia" and "picking mulberry" in her hometown. The military service is not only hard, but also long. The words "薇也作止", "柔止", "刚止", and "刚止", in a gradual and orderly manner, portray the growth process of the vetch from breaking through the ground and sprouting, to the tenderness of the seedling, to the hardness and oldness of the stems and leaves, which is the same as "岁也莫止". It is a metaphor for the passage of time and the length of the military service together with the words "the year also stops at no time" and "the year also stops at the sun". The beginning of the year and twilight, things change stars, "said to return to say return", but the long garrison does not return; this is the life of the pawns at times, can not help but "worried about the intense". The last four sentences why the garrison difficult to return to the problem of layers of explanation: away from home, because the long-snout tribe of the trouble; garrison place is not sure, because of frequent battles; no time to rest and recuperate, because of the king's difference is infinite. The fundamental reason is "the reason of long-snout tribe". Han Shu - Xiongnu Biography" said: "(Zhou) Yi Wang, the royal family declined, the Rongxi invasion, tyrannical abuse of China. China was suffering, the poet began to write, and the song said: 'by room and home, long-snout name of the tribe' cloud." This can be regarded as the background of the era in which "Cai Wei" was written. For the long-snout tribe's trouble, a man has the responsibility of garrison. In this way, on the one hand, there is a nostalgic feeling for home, and on the other hand, there is a sense of battle. The two layers of the first three chapters are intertwined with the personal feeling of homesickness and the sense of responsibility to fight for the country, which are two contradictory but equally true thoughts and feelings. In fact, this also constitutes the emotional tone of the whole poem, only the personal feelings of homesickness and the sense of responsibility for the battle, in different chapters have different performance.

The fourth and fifth chapters trace the intense life of marching and fighting. Write out the army of the strong, strict security, the whole momentum for a revitalization. The mood, too, from the sadness of the return of the feelings of change for the passionate feelings of the battle. These two chapters of the same four lines of a meaning, can be divided into four layers of reading. Four chapters of the first four lines, the poet asked himself to answer the question, "Weichang Hua", rise "gentleman's car", revealing the unique pride of the soldiers. Then he describes two battle scenes around the chariot: "The military chariot is driving, and the four peasants are working. How dare you settle down, three victories in January." This summarizes the powerful military appearance, high morale and frequent battles; "The four peonies are driving the chariot. What the gentleman relies on, the villain is afraid of." This further describes the scene of the soldiers following the chariots under the cover of the chariots and the command of the generals. Finally, from the battle scene to the general's equipment: "four peasants winged, like a replica of a fish suit." The horses are strong and well-trained, the weapons are excellent and invincible. The generals were on standby every day, just because the long-snout tribe was really rampant, "Wouldn't they be on guard every day, the long-snout tribe would be on thorns," reflecting the situation of the border at that time, and once again explaining the reason why it was difficult to return to the long garrison. Based on the description of military life in these two chapters, the Preface to Mao considers Caiwei to be a poem of "demobilization" and exhortation to the generals. This is inconsistent with the meaning of the poem. From the conflicting emotions expressed in the poem, it seems that the soldier was not only fond of his family but also aware of the overall situation, and he did not lack the sense of responsibility for the rise and fall of the country. Therefore, on the long way home, recalling yesterday's battle life, is extremely natural.

The emotional keynote of the whole piece is the sad thought of home. Perhaps it was the sudden snowfall that woke up the soldier, who returned to reality from his memories, and then fell into a deeper sadness. Tracing back the past and contemplating the present, and pondering over the pain, cannot help but make "my heart sad". "In the past, I was in the past, the willows are still standing. Now I am thinking of the rain and snow falling." This is writing a scene to remember the event, but also lyric sadness. Individual life exists in time, but in the "present" and "past", "coming" and "going", In the change of situation between "rain and snow fall" and "willow", the soldier y experienced the depletion of life, the passing of life and the negation of the value of life by war. It is a perfect literary sentiment, always new in the ancient times. Modern people reading these four lines still can't help but complete the post in the bosom, sad, but also mainly to experience the deep sense of life passing in the poem. "The road is late, and I am thirsty and hungry", coupled with the long road back, the road is perilous, the traveling bag is scarce, and I am hungry and thirsty, this immediate plight of life has deepened his sadness. "Late for the road" also seems to contain the garrison's worry about his parents, wife and offspring. After years of separation, "I will not be able to return to the recruitment", the survival of life and death, two unknown, when this time to return, it is bound to give birth to "near the hometown feeling more timid, do not dare to ask the people" (Tang Song Zhiqian "crossing the Han River") of the fear of psychology. However, in this wilderness where rain and snow fall, no one knows and no one comforts him; "My heart is sad and no one knows my sorrow", and the whole poem ends in this lonely and helpless lamentation. Looking at the whole poem, the typical significance of the dominant mood of "Caiwei" is not to express the fighting feelings of the soldiers, but to take the war conflict between the dynasty and the barbarians as the background, to separate the individuals from the battlefield from the national military action, and to concentrate on the inner world of the soldiers who are difficult to return to their long-time garrisons and are worried as if they are burning by recounting the way back, so as to express the Zhou's aversion to war and antipathy. Caiwei" can be called the ancestor of the ancient war-loathing poems.

Artistically, "In the past, I went back and forth, and the willows are still standing. Now I come to think, rain and snow fall", known as one of the best poems in the Three Hundred Psalms. Since Xie Xuan in the Southern Dynasty, its analysis has stretched into a more than 1,500 years of interpretation of the history of Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Poetry," "to write sadness in a happy scene, to write sadness in a sad scene, a doubling of its sadness and happiness," and Liu Xizai's "The Art of the General" of the "elegance of the deepest, is the use of the scene to express their feelings," has become the mantra of poets. has become a poet's mantra. And the "past", "today", the pair of sentences, is often copied by poets, such as Cao Zhi's "the beginning of the frost knot, today from the dew dry" (Love Poem) Yan Yanzhi's "In the past, the autumn has not been vegetarian, and now also the age of China" ("Autumn Hu Poetry" No. 5), and so on.

Related to Caiwei

Background Author: anonymous Caiwei is from a piece in Jing-Xiaoya-Lu Ming Zhi Shi (经-小雅-鹿鸣之什). It is a piece from the "Jing - Xiao Ya - Lu Ming Shi". The annotators of the past generations have different stories about the date of its writing. However, according to its content and other historical records, it is possible that it was written in the era of King Xuan of Zhou...