Variety source:
Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences cooperated with Hangzhou Fruit Research Institute to breed a new peach variety with Zaosha as female parent and Yuhualu as male parent. 1990 naming.
The fruit is nearly round, the average fruit weight is 90g, and the maximum fruit weight is 126g. The top of the fruit is slightly concave, the stitching is shallow, and the two halves are symmetrical. The background color of the peel is light green and white, and more than 60% of the fruit surface is red. The fluff is sparse and the appearance is beautiful. The pulp is milky white, with no red near the core, soft and juicy, sweet and slightly fragrant. The soluble solid content is 9% ~ 1 1%, and the quality is good. Sticky nucleus, large nucleus, no fruit cracking. The fruit development period is 50 ~ 55 days, and it ripens in the first half of June in Qinhuangdao, about 2 days earlier than the spring bud.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
① Due to the early maturity, attention should be paid to applying base fertilizer in autumn and chemical fertilizer in early spring, and ternary compound fertilizer and urea can be mixed before germination. (2) Strengthen fruit thinning. After flowering 15 days, when young fruits appear large, they should be thinned in time. (3) Pruning should be strengthened in summer after harvest to prevent excessive growth of new shoots after fruit picking, resulting in too dense upper branches and leaves, insufficient illumination of lower branches, weak growth potential and poor flower bud formation.
(2) Early beauty
Variety source:
A new very early-maturing peach variety was bred by the Institute of Forestry and Fruit Trees of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry with Qingfeng as female parent and Zhao Xia as male parent.
The average fruit weight is 97 grams, and the maximum fruit weight is 168 grams. The fruit is nearly round, with neat shape and bright color. The top of the fruit is round, the suture line is shallow and the two sides are symmetrical. Fruit surface 1/2 is covered with rose-red fine spots or halo, and the peel is yellow and white, and it is not easy to peel off. The fluff is short and few. The flesh is white, the color near the core is the same as that of the flesh, the flesh is hard and solute, and it is juicy after maturity. Sweet taste, rich fragrance, tangy aroma and no astringency. The content of soluble solids is 9.5%. When the fruit is ripe, the core is sticky, small, hard and crack-free. The fruit development period is 50 ~ 55 days, and it ripens in early June in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
With morning dew.
(3) Cloud dew
Variety source:
Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University.
The fruit is large, the average single fruit weight is 9 1g, and the maximum fruit weight is 148g. The fruit is slightly oval, with a fruit shape index of 1. 1, a flat top, shallow seams and symmetrical halves. The peel is yellow-green, bright red and dizzy to the sunny side, and the appearance is gorgeous and easy to peel. The flesh is milky white, tender, juicy, less fiber and sweet and slightly sour. The aroma contains 7.8% ~ 10.4% of soluble solids, 5.96% ~ 7. 10% of soluble sugars and 0. 19% ~ 0.28% of titratable acids, which are sticky. Yangzhou area blooms in early April, and the fruit matures at the end of May, and the fruit development period is 55 days.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
With morning dew.
(4) Spring and summer rice
Variety source:
A new super-early-maturing peach variety was bred by crossing Shenzhou peach and Yuhualu in Shijiazhuang Fruit Research Institute, hebei academy of agriculture and forestry.
The fruit is oblong, with an average single fruit weight of 125g and a maximum fruit weight of 207.5g The peel has a yellow-green background and a red halo on the sunny side, which is beautiful in appearance. Hard meat, less juice, less fiber and less flavor. Soluble solid content10.0% ~110.5%, sticky core, semi-separated after maturity, no cracking. The fruit growth period is about 55 ~ 58 days, and it ripens in the middle and late June in Qinhuangdao, after the morning dew and before the rain dew.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
① The fruit setting rate of honey is very high in spring. The fruit is not sparse, the whole tree is "garlic petal-shaped", the fruit is small and the quality is poor. Therefore, the fruit must be strictly thinned. Keep the spatial distance of fruits on the tree between 15 ~ 18cm and distribute them evenly. ② Xia Chun honey ripens early, and the fruit is big. Base fertilizer accounts for 90% of the annual fertilization, mainly high-quality organic fertilizer (such as fermented chicken manure). (3) Strengthen the pruning work in summer after harvest, so as to prevent the excessive growth of new shoots after fruit picking from causing too dense upper branches and leaves, insufficient light on lower branches, weak growth potential and poor flower bud formation.
(5) Jing Chun
Variety source:
The Institute of Forestry and Fruit Trees of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences was bred from natural hybrid seeds of Zaoshengjin 1974.
The fruit is of medium size, with an average single fruit weight 126 g and a maximum fruit weight of 205 g, with uniform size. The fruit is nearly round, with flat top and shallow suture. The background color of the peel is green and white, and the fruit surface of 1/2 is flush, with less fluff and not easy to peel off. The pulp is white, the solute is hard, sweet, soft and juicy, and the soluble solid content after maturity is 9.5% ~ 10%. The fruit growth period is 62 ~ 66 days, and it ripens in the middle and late June in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
Use honey in spring and summer.
(6) Duan Yu
Variety source:
1979, the Fruit Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences hybridized "Chu Xiaomei" with "Xinduanyang" and obtained it through immature embryo tissue culture. Named after 1990.
The average fruit weight is 79.9 grams, and the maximum fruit weight is 108 grams. The fruit is round, the top of the fruit is flat and the suture line is shallow. The skin is green and white, and the fruit surface is bright red. The pulp is green and white, and the sunny side is reddish. The soluble solid content is 9.5% ~ 10.8%. The growth and development cycle of sticky stone fruit is short, 56 ~ 58 days, which belongs to very early-maturing variety and matures in mid-June in Jinzhong area.
Trees are half open and plants are thriving. All kinds of branches can bear fruit. There are many compound flower buds. The fruit of this variety ripens early, with large color and beautiful appearance.
(7) Double peaks
Variety source: A very early-maturing variety bred by crossing Zaoxiangyu with Okubo 1973 by the Institute of Forest and Fruit Research, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry. Name it 1989.
The fruit is large, with average single fruit weight 107g and maximum fruit weight121g. The fruit is oval with shallow suture. The peel is green and white with a little blush. The pulp is milky white, soft and juicy, and the soluble solid content is about 10%. The growth and development cycle of sticky stone fruit is short, 60 ~ 65 days, and it ripens around June 13 in Beijing.
(8) Summer Hui 1
Variety source:
The Institute of Horticulture of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences was bred by crossing Zhao Hui as female parent and Zhao Xia as male parent in 1976 and named as 1985.
The fruit is round to ovoid, with average single fruit weight 130g and maximum fruit weight of 2 10g. The background color of the peel is milky yellow, and the top is rosy blush, which is easy to peel off after maturity. The pulp is white to milky yellow, soft, microfibrous, juicy, sweet and fragrant, with a soluble solid content of 9% ~ 10% and a sticky core. The fruit growth period is 60 ~ 68 days, and the fruit ripens in Qinhuangdao in late June.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
(1) Since there is no pollen, the pollination tree needs to be arranged in the cultivation area. ② In production, this variety has fruit cracking phenomenon, so it is not suitable to irrigate too much in the later stage of fruit development. (3) More phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied, and the upright branches and over-dense branches that affect fruit coloring should be thinned before harvesting.
(9) Qin Mi
Variety source:
The College of Horticulture of Northwest A&F University (formerly Shaanxi Fruit Research Institute) bred a new peach variety named 198 1 with Okubo as female parent and Chun Lei as male parent.
The fruit is nearly round and slightly pointed at the top. The average fruit weight is 105g, and the maximum fruit weight is 135g. The peel is milky white, with red stripes on the top and sunny side, large coloring area, beautiful appearance and easy peeling. The meat is white, of good quality, sweet and moderately juicy. The content of soluble solids is about 65438 00%. Sticking to the core, the core is hard and unbreakable. The fruit development period is 6 1 ~ 63 days, and it ripens in Qinhuangdao in late June.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
(1) Qin honey inherited the soft meat of Okubo when it was overripe, so it should be harvested in time. Generally, it should be harvested when the fruit is eight ripe. At this time, the quality is the best, and it can be stored for a short time. ② There are many compound flower buds and high fruit setting rate. If the fruit is not sparse, the whole tree is full of fruits, with small fruits and poor quality. Therefore, the fruit must be strictly thinned. (3) Pruning should be strengthened in summer after harvest to prevent excessive growth of new shoots after fruit picking, resulting in too dense upper branches and leaves, insufficient illumination of lower branches, weak growth potential and poor flower bud formation.
(10) Rose Dew
Variety source:
Early-maturing peach variety bred by crossing sand as female parent and Yuhualu as male parent in Horticulture Research Institute of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
The fruit is nearly round, with an average single fruit weight of 165g and a maximum fruit weight of 227g. The background color of the peel is milky white and covered with rose red, which is beautiful in appearance and easy to peel. The meat is soft, microfibrous, sweet and juicy, fragrant, and the soluble solid content is 10% ~ 12%. Sticky nucleus, small nucleus The fruit development period is about 64 ~ 69 days, and it ripens at the end of June in Qinhuangdao.
Rose dew has strong adaptability to drought. Under the condition of general fertilization level, planting in mountainous areas has good barren tolerance and high yield.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
① Strictly thinning flowers and fruits to improve fruit quality. ② The amount of branches should not be too large, and pruning in summer should be done in time after fruit harvesting.
(1 1) nova
Variety source: The Department of Horticulture of Hebei Agricultural University was selected from the natural seeds of "647 10", a natural hybrid offspring of "Baifeng" in 1990.
The average fruit weight is 78.5g, and the maximum fruit weight is 200g. The fruit is broadly ovoid, slightly concave at the top and shallow in stitching. The skin is yellow, the fruit surface is bright red and dizzy. The pulp is milky white, solute, juicy and fragrant, and the soluble solid content is 9.5% ~ 1 1.5%. The growth and development cycle of sticky stone fruit is short, 58 ~ 65 days, which belongs to very early-maturing variety and matures in mid-June.
(12) Rainwater
Variety source:
The Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, took Baihua Shuimi and Shanghai Shuimi (Zao) as parents to breed a new early-maturing peach variety.
The fruit is large, the average single fruit weight is 125g, and the maximum fruit weight is 221g. The fruit is oblong and the two halves are wider. The suture line is sunken at the top, forming two small peaks. The background color of the peel is milky yellow, and the fruit is reddish with spots. The hair is very short. Moderate thickness, strong toughness and easy peeling. The flesh is milky white, there is no red silk near the core, and it is rich in aroma and sweet in taste. The content of soluble solids is 10.8% ~ 12%, which is sticky. The fruit development period is 70 ~ 75 days, and it ripens in early July in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
(1) varieties grow vigorously, and pruning should be combined with thinning and short cutting to avoid excessive growth, promote branching and increase the number of fruiting branches. ② When applying fertilizer, young trees should pay attention to increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and reducing the application of nitrogen fertilizer. Apply base fertilizer to adult trees in autumn. Strictly thinning flowers and fruits, increase the number of fruits and improve the quality.
(13) meishuo
Variety source:
Hebei academy of agriculture and forestry Shijiazhuang Fruit Research Institute was cultivated by Jingyu's seedlings. It was named in 2002.
The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 237 grams and a maximum fruit weight of 387 grams. The fruit is nearly round, the top of the fruit is concave, it is not easy to be soft, the suture line is shallow and not obvious, and the two ends are slightly deep. The two halves are symmetrical, and the depression is wide and deep. The fluff is of medium density and medium length. The background color of the peel is yellow-green, and the top of the fruit, the suture line and the sunny surface can be bright red with spots, stripes and red fine spots, and the colored area is over 70%. Beautiful appearance, medium thick peel, high toughness and not easy to peel off. The pulp is white in color, with red at the top and near the peel, and no red near the stone. The soluble solid content is 12.6%, and the flavor is sweet. It has light fragrance, medium juice, medium fiber, no astringency, high fruit hardness, good storage and transportation resistance and no cracking. The fruit development period is 75 days and ripens at the end of June in Shijiazhuang.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
Do a good job of thinning flowers and fruits, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and improve fruit quality. Strengthen summer pruning, short fruit branches and bear fruit.
(14) precocious wisdom
Variety source: the source is unknown.
The fruit is oblate, with an average single fruit weight of 255g and a maximum fruit weight of 320g. The top of the fruit is sunken and the hardness is particularly high. In a suture, the two halves are symmetrical. The depression has a medium depth and a medium width. The fluff is thin and short. The skin color is yellow-green, and the fruit surface is nearly red, which is very beautiful. The peel is thick, not easy to peel off, and there are no rust spots and green spots. The pulp is white, and a small amount of red pigment permeates the pulp. The fruit is hard and insoluble. Sweet taste, soluble solids 12% ~ 14%. Sticky nucleus, small nucleus The fruit development period is 80 ~ 83 days, and the fruit ripens in early July in Shijiazhuang.
Key points of cultivation techniques: Because it is sensitive to light, summer pruning should be strengthened during coloring period to make it ventilated and transparent, which is beneficial to coloring.
(15) Early Phoenix King
Variety source:
The bud mutation found on Zaofeng peach in experimental forest farm of farmers' technical secondary school in Gu 'an county, Hebei province was named 1995.
The fruit is nearly round, with an average single fruit weight of 300g and a maximum fruit weight of 620g. The top of the fruit is flat or slightly concave, the stem is deeply concave and the suture line is shallow. The background color of the peel is white, and the fruit surface is dark pink, covered with strip or flake Xia Hong, which is beautiful and gorgeous. The pulp is insoluble, the subcutaneous pulp is pink, and the near nucleus is white. The pulp is hard, crisp and sweet with good flavor. Even when it is fully mature, the pulp is still in a rubbery state, and the soluble solid content is 1 1.2%. Picked near maturity, the hardness is 8.25 kg/cm2, and it has strong storage and transportation resistance. The fruit development period is 85 ~ 90, and it ripens in late July in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
① This variety has no pollen, so it needs to be equipped with pollination trees or artificial pollination when planting. The flowering period of pollinated varieties should be the same as that of Zaofengwang, with the ratio of 2∶ 1, and artificial pollination can also be carried out for 2 ~ 3 times during the flowering period. (2) Due to the vigorous formation of branches, attention should be paid to coring in time to promote the growth of new shoots and make them take shape early. Small trees should pull branches and open corners. Medium and short fruit branches set fruit better, and all pruning measures should focus on more medium and short fruit branches. The flower buds of Zaofengwang have poor cold resistance, and sometimes the flower buds are stiff.
An Nong shui mi
Variety source:
Anhui Agricultural University found high-quality plant mutation from sandy early-growing peach orchard.
The fruit is oblong or nearly round, the top is flat or slightly concave, and the suture is shallow. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 245g and a maximum fruit weight of 558g. The background color of the fruit surface is milky white, yellowish and rosy. The peel peels off easily. The flesh is milky white, reddish locally, tender and juicy, with little fiber, sweet and delicious, and of high quality. The content of soluble solids is11.5% ~13.5%. Sticking to the nucleus, leaving the nucleus after over-ripening. The fruit development period is 73 ~ 75 days, and it ripens in the middle of July in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
① Pollination trees need to be configured. ② The requirement for fertilizer and water is high, and the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened. ③ The natural happiness tree is suitable in shape. Small trees should be pruned with long tips. When the fruit begins to color, the over-dense branches and upright branches that affect the light can be cut off in summer to promote the coloring of the inner chamber and lower fruit, improve the quality and harvest it in time.
(17) Peach
Variety source:
A new early-maturing peach variety was bred by Cang Fang in Liquan County, Shaanxi Province.
The fruit is round to oblate with a concave top. The average fruit weight is 255g, and the maximum fruit weight is 346g. The suture line is shallow, the two halves are symmetrical, the stem is deep and the width is medium. Less fluff. The background color of the fruit is milky white, more than 80% is red, and the peel is not easy to peel off. The pulp is white, and the color is the same near the stone. Fruit is a hard solute, with high hardness, sweet taste, medium juice and little fiber. The content of soluble solids is 65438 03%. Sticky nucleus, small nucleus The fruit development period is 78 days, and it ripens in Qinhuangdao in late July.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
This variety has strong growth potential, erect crown and poor flowering ability. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the angle of the main lateral branches during cultivation and leave them long during pruning to ease the growth potential and promote the formation of flower buds.
(18) Honggang Mountain
Variety source:
The source of local varieties in Mancheng County, Hebei Province is unknown.
Economic characters of fruits:
The average fruit weight is 330 grams, and the maximum fruit weight is 420 grams. The fruit is nearly round, the top is round and flat, the suture line has high hardness, the two halves are symmetrical, and the middle of the depression is wide and deep. The fluff is thin and short, the background color of the peel is milky white, and the top, suture and sunny side of the fruit are more than 60% pink. Beautiful appearance, peel is not easy to peel off, thick and tough. The pulp is white at the early stage of maturity, and the red pigment in the pulp increases with the increase of maturity. Fruit texture is insoluble, sweet and sour, fragrant, less juice and less fiber. The fruit hardness is high, which can reach11~12kg/cm2. It has strong storage and transportation resistance, and does not crack or stick. Soluble solids 12.5%. The fruit development period is 1 17 ~ 120 days, and it ripens in the middle and late August in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
(1) need to pollinate trees or artificial pollination. The ratio of this variety to pollinated varieties is 1: 1. ② This variety is sensitive to light, so it should be pruned in summer when it is mature to make it ventilated and transparent and promote coloring. If there is no light, the fruit is almost milky white.
(19) Okubo
Variety source:
It is a mid-mature peach variety discovered by Okubo Chongwulangyu 1920 in Xiongshan Town, Qianban County, Okayama Prefecture.
The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 205g. The fruit is round, two halves are symmetrical, and the top is round and slightly concave. The suture line is medium deep and the depression is narrow and deep. The background color of the pericarp is milky white, with bright red halo on the sunny side, top and both sides of the suture line, and slightly intermittent and inconspicuous dark red stripes. The fluff is short and dense, with moderate thickness, strong toughness and easy peeling. The flesh is milky white, with a small amount of red silk in the abdomen and rose red near the core. The solute is hard, the meat is dense, the fiber is thin and few, the juice is rich, and the aroma has a sweet and sour taste. The soluble solid content is 12%, leaving a core. The fruit development period is 100 ~ 105 days, and it ripens in early August in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
The crown of the tree is open and the branches droop easily. Pay attention to the selection of upper buds and upper buds when pruning, and raise the main branches with hanging branches when necessary. It is required that the sandy loam soil with high fertilizer and water conditions should reasonably preserve fruit and strengthen fertilizer and water management in order to enhance tree vigor, yield year after year and prolong economic life. This variety is also an excellent pollination variety.
(20) Wang Jiubao
Variety source:
Local varieties in Funing County, Hebei Province. Parents unknown.
The fruit is nearly oval. The average fruit weight is 280 grams, and the maximum fruit weight is 390 grams. The stitches are shallow and inconspicuous, and both sides are symmetrical. Fruit apex concave or flat. The background color of the fruit is yellow-green, and more than 70% is red. Beautiful appearance. Peel is not easy to peel off, tough and resistant to storage and transportation. The flesh is white, and a little red oozes when it matures. Sweet and sour, less juice, less fiber, soluble solid content 12. 1%. Without the nucleus, the nucleus becomes smaller. The fruit development period is 1 15 days, and it ripens in Qinhuangdao in mid-August.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
This variety has a high fruit setting rate, so it is necessary to do a good job of thinning flowers and fruits, increase the application amount of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and harvest it later appropriately to improve fruit quality.
(2 1) Feng Baitao
Variety source:
A variety selected by Dalian Institute of Agricultural Sciences from Okubo peach seedlings.
The fruit is round or slightly flat. The average fruit weight is 350 grams, and the maximum fruit weight is 560 grams. The top of the fruit is concave or flat, and a few are convex. The suture line is of medium depth, symmetrical on both sides, and the depression is of medium width and depth. The fluff is thin and short. The background color of the peel is white, with more than 50% red halo, which is beautiful in appearance. The peel is not easy to peel off, and there are no rust spots and green spots. The flesh is white with a little red near the stone. Hard solute, sweet taste, less juice, less fiber and delicate meat. Soluble solids 13.2%, leaving a nucleus, the nucleus is very small. Fruit has strong storage and transportation resistance. The fruit cracked, mainly at the suture line. Sometimes there are small cracks in the depression, which are not easy to be found. The fruit development period is 1 18 ~ 122 days, and the fruit ripens in Qinhuangdao in late August.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
(1) Pollination trees should be arranged, and the flowering period of pollination trees should be similar to that of Fengbai, with a large amount of pollen and high economic value, such as Okubo, Jingyu and Xueyu Green, with a ratio of 1: 1. (2) Prevent fruit cracking and nuclear cracking. (3) When pruning in winter, put some long fruit branches longer every year to promote the formation of short and medium fruit branches. (4) Promote fruit coloring, and prune during fruit coloring to make it ventilated and transparent. ⑤ Harvest in time, because this variety has fruit cracking, which is easy to fall off before harvesting, so it is not advisable to harvest it too late. ⑥ Increase the application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and organic fertilizer to improve the internal quality of fruits.
(22) Xinchuanzhong Island
Variety source:
Masayoshi Ikeda in Nagano Prefecture is a new variety bred from Chuan Dao peach in Fukushima Prefecture.
The fruit is round to oval, with flat or small tip and inconspicuous suture. The average fruit weight is 260 ~ 350g, and the maximum fruit weight is 450g. The fruit is bright red, bright and short. The flesh is yellowish white and reddish near the stone. Soft solute, rich fruit juice, sweet flavor, soluble solids 13.5%. Sticky nucleus, small nucleus The fruit development period is 1 19 ~ 122 days, and it ripens in Shijiazhuang in the first half of August.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
(1) Pollination trees can be selected, such as Okubo, Yuxuelu and Rose Dew. ② Reasonable pruning. Young trees should be pruned in winter by pulling branches, opening corners and long tips, and after a large number of fruits, they can gradually turn to conventional pruning. When cutting in summer, it is mainly to remove the strong new shoots and over-dense new shoots on the back, so as to control the growth of nutrition, preserve nutrition, promote fruit expansion, increase indoor illumination and promote fruit coloring.
(23) Chongyang Red
The natural variation plant found in Liangshan Township Technical Station of Agriculture and Forestry Bureau of Changli County, Hebei Province, was found in 1980, identified and named as 199 1, and extended to 1993.
The fruit is oblate, the top of the fruit is oblate, and the suture is shallow and symmetrical. The average fruit weight is 250 ~ 300g, and the maximum fruit weight is 850g. The background color is yellow and white, 70% is reddish and striped, and the fluff is short and few. The pulp is white, red near the core, shedding, fine in quality, hard in solute, sweet in taste, with soluble solid content of 13.9%, which is extremely resistant to storage and transportation in quality. The fruit development period is 130 days, and it ripens in Qinhuangdao from late August to early September.
Key points of cultivation techniques: ① Pollen quantity is small, so pollination trees or artificial pollination must be arranged in production. (2) The fruit is large, the stem is deep, and the fruit on the thick branches is easy to drop before harvesting, so it is advisable to bear fruit on the thin branches in cultivation to prevent fruit drop before harvesting.
(24) Hong Yan
Variety source:
Beijing Xiyuan Orchard was bred by 1954 accidental seedlings. The original code name was Greening No.9, named after 1978.
The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 240 grams and a maximum fruit weight of 485 grams. The fruit is nearly round, slightly flat, large at the bottom, flat at the top, deep and wide in depression, shallow and obvious in suture, green and white in peel background, and dark red or crimson halo on 3/4 fruit surface. The peel is thick and easy to peel off when it matures. The pulp is milky white, sunny and red, with Xia Hong around the core. After ripening, the meat is dense, soft and juicy, sweet, slightly fragrant and of good quality. The content of soluble solids is 65438 02.0%. Viscous nucleus, smaller nucleus. The fruit development period is 130 days, and it ripens from late August to early September in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
(1) In order to prevent fruit cracking and over-coloring, bagging cultivation is needed. (2) The fruit is large, the stem is deep, and the fruit on the thick branches is easy to drop before harvesting, so it is advisable to bear fruit on the thin branches in cultivation to prevent fruit drop before harvesting.
August crisp
Variety source:
The Institute of Forestry and Fruit Trees of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences was bred by crossing Greening No.5 with Okubo. Also known as Beijing 33.
The average fruit weight is 350g, and the maximum fruit weight is 550g. The fruit is nearly round, with shallow stitches, symmetrical sides and neat shape. Less fluff, yellow-white peel background, bright red or crimson halo on male mask. The pulp is white and red near the core. The meat is crisp, with little fiber, sweet taste, sticky core and no solute, and the soluble solid content is 15.8%. The appearance is beautiful without bagging, and the color is more beautiful after bagging. The fruit development period is 135 ~ 140 days, and it ripens in Qinhuangdao in mid-September.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
(1) trees that need pollination can be used by both Jingyu and Okubo, and the best ratio is 1: 1. (2) Only when the tree is moderately weak can it bear good fruit. 80% of fruit branches are short fruit branches and bouquets, and 20% are long fruit branches and medium fruit branches. In the young tree period, the head should be lightly cut and the fruiting branches should not be short or light, so that the slowly released branches can produce more bouquets and short fruit branches. (3) The fruit setting rate of young flourishing trees is low, so it is not necessary to thin the fruit for the first time, and the fruit can be set at one time after the fruit naturally falls. ④ This variety is not sensitive to light, so summer pruning should be strengthened during coloring period to make the fruit fully exposed to sunlight.
(26) Late honey
Variety source:
The variation of hybrid offspring was found in 1987 in peach hybrid nursery of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences.
The fruit is nearly round and large, with an average single fruit weight of 250g and a maximum fruit weight of 450g g. The top of the fruit is round and slightly convex, and the suture line is shallow. The background color of the peel is light green to yellowish white, and the fruit surface is red halo above 1/2, which is not easy to peel. The flesh is white, nearly nucleated red, hard solute, juicy after ripening, sweet and fragrant, and light. The content of soluble solids is 12% ~ 16%. Viscous nucleus, smaller nucleus. More resistant to storage and transportation. The fruit development period is 160 ~ 165 days, and it ripens in the first half of June in Qinhuangdao area.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
Sparse flowers and sulfur fruits as required. Strengthen summer pruning, reduce overgrowth, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, and pay attention to drainage. Before harvesting 1 month in arid areas, irrigation should be strengthened and quick-acting potassium fertilizer should be applied to facilitate fruit growth and coloring. Because of the long growth period of the fruit, it needs to be bagged and cultivated, and the bag is removed 7 days before picking, so that the surface of the fruit is smooth, the color is brighter and the appearance is more beautiful.
2 1 century
Variety source:
Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology used the progeny of Osmanthus fragrans and Xue Tao to self-cross, and selected a new late-maturing peach variety from F2 generation.
The fruit shape is round, the top of the fruit is flat or slightly convex, the suture line is shallow and the two sides are symmetrical. The average fruit weight is 350 grams, and the maximum fruit weight is over 500 grams. The fruit has smooth surface, wide stems, milky white background, bright red glow and coloring degree above 80%. The peel is not easy to peel off, the flesh is white, there is no red pigment, it sticks to the core, there is no red radiation near the core, the juice is medium, there is no solute, there is little crude fiber, it tastes sweet and astringent, the maturity is consistent, and the quality of fresh food is excellent. The content of soluble solids is 13.0% ~ 16.0%, and it can be stored at normal temperature (22 ~ 25℃) for more than 10 days. The fruit can be canned when it is 67% ripe, the utilization rate of raw materials is 72% ~ 77%, it is resistant to cooking, the finished product is complete in block shape, dense in meat, good in cut surface, shiny, clear in juice, fragrant in taste, moderate in sour and sweet, without peculiar smell, and the processed canned white peach has excellent quality. The fruit development period is 125 ~ 130 days, which is 20 ~ 25 days later than that of Okubo peach and ripens in late August.
Variety characteristics:
This variety has relatively strong adaptability to sandy loam, wide adaptability to environmental conditions, drought tolerance and waterlogging tolerance, and no special pests and diseases. It can be planted in peach cultivation area. The cold resistance is slightly poor, so we should pay attention to cold resistance when planting in the north of Baoding, Hebei Province.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
Prune according to the northern variety group, and leave more short fruit branches and bouquets. During the growth period, attention should be paid to opening corners and thinning flowers and fruits, and when thinning fruits, more fruits on branches should be thinned. When the control of pests and diseases is unfavorable or drought and flood suddenly occur, there will be fruit cracking.
(28) Xu Mi
Variety source: bred in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, it is a bud change of Baihua peach.
The fruit is large, with the average single fruit weight 197.3g and the maximum fruit weight of 436g. The fruit is nearly round, with a flat top and symmetrical sides. The peel is milky white with red halo on the sunny side. The peel is medium thick, not easy to peel off, and the hair is short and short. The pulp is milky white, hard solute, crisp, soft, juicy, sweet, fragrant and sticky when cooked. The fruit growth period is 130 ~ 140 days, and the fruit ripens in Xuzhou from the end of August to the beginning of September.
(29) Zhong Tao 2 1
Variety source: bred by Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
The fruit is nearly round and large, with an average single fruit weight of 208 grams and the maximum fruit weight exceeding 3 12 grams. The top of the fruit is round, slightly concave and symmetrical in two halves. The background color of the peel is milky white, the sunny side is rosy, and there is less fluff. The pulp is white, the solute is hard, it is soft and juicy after full late ripening, with sweet taste, soluble solid content of 14.0% ~ 15.0%, excellent quality and sticky core. The fruit development period is about 150 days, and it ripens at the end of August or early September in Zhengzhou.