1. First of all, consider the change of leaf shape. Such as polygonal maple leaves, round birch leaves, long leaves, oval Lespedeza leaves, etc., should be collected to ensure the diversity of pattern structure.

2. The collection of leaves should also consider the diversity of colors.

3. The collection of leaves should be serialized, that is, leaves of every shape and color can form a gradual sequence from small to large. This can ensure that there are enough choices when doing it. Also collect some flowers and leaves, seeds and stems.

Fresh leaves wither easily. If you want to use them as stickers, you'd better put them in the book and wait until they are half-dry or dry. So there will be no withering phenomenon.

Therefore, when collecting leaves, you should carry a certain amount of absorbent paper or napkins, if there are old books or magazines with rough paper. When collecting, flatten the leaves and put them in absorbent paper. After you bring it back, press it with a heavy object and turn it twice a day. When the leaves dry for about a week, the finishing clip can be used.

Then design the juice screen. There are two design methods. Set the theme first, then choose the materials. For example, the giraffe in the book, when designing the first draft, we should imagine the leaf shape suitable for the giraffe's head, neck, body and other parts, and then look for the leaves with the right basic shape. Second, choose the theme according to the shape characteristics of the leaves collected by yourself. For example, ginkgo leaves feel like humps, so we can design and make camels. Another example is the creation of goldfish tail, which comes from the shape of maple leaf. It uses leaves of various colors and shapes to cut properly, so that the leaves become living animals.

Take a suitable piece of cardboard (drawing paper can also do it) and draw a sketch of the design theme with a pencil. The layout should be balanced, the size should be moderate and the picture should be reasonable.

Choose leaves corresponding to the theme, and some can also be trimmed. Make good use of leaf back and petiole according to the situation.

Put them together, stick them on cardboard with glue or double-sided tape, and flatten them. When posting, you should pay attention to the distance from the picture, first back and then front, and pay attention to the order.

Finally, smooth your finished leaves and fix them according to your idea (just use a little glue and don't move). Then die (like making an ID card). Because the cardboard is closed, the leaf products can be preserved for a long time. You can ask the copy company that makes stamp business cards for help. Generally there will be)

If you don't want to ask for help, get on the horse with our own indigenous method, put the leaf paste you made into a fresh-keeping bag with a suitable size, rinse the mouth outward to the edge of the table, press a heavy book on it to exhaust the air inside, put a small saw blade on the mouth of the bag, press the extra mouth of the bag on the saw blade, and gently walk along the edge of the saw blade with a lit cigarette butt, thus sealing the mouth of the bag.

Now, a "masterpiece" made by myself has been born. It can be given away as a "handicraft". It will not make people think that you are "stingy" if you don't spend money. It's that you show your "talent", because money can't buy it. Just have fun!

2. The method of making leaf specimens:

(1) pressing method to prepare a wooden specimen holder. When pressing, change the position of the head and tail of the specimen from time to time. In order to promote rapid drying and preserve the inherent color of specimens, hot toilet paper can be replaced once or twice a day on the second or third day after pressing. After pressing the specimen, sew it on a tough white paper, put a label on the lower right corner, and then put it in the specimen cabinet, and put some camphor to prevent moths.

Methods of making wax leaf specimens;

Instruments and supplies: 1, tools for collecting specimens: scissors; 2, finishing, flattening, drying appliances: absorbent paper (facial tissue, towel will do), rope (binding); 3, cardboard (table paper), glue, etc.

Method for collecting and making wax leaf specimens

1, acquisition

The requirements are representative and typical, with complete leaves, no defects and no pests.

2, finishing

Put the collected leaf specimens on absorbent paper and arrange them well, so that their branches and leaves can stretch and keep their natural state.

3, flattening and drying

This is the key link. Stick several layers of absorbent paper on each specimen clip, put the specimen, then fix the specimen with the specimen clip, tie it tightly with a rope and put it in a ventilated place. In order to speed up the drying of specimens, the paper should be changed in time every day to make it completely dry.

4. Paste (paper)

Sticking refers to binding plant leaf specimens on a piece of cardboard (table paper). There are many ways to fix plant wax leaves on table paper, such as small paper strips, adhesive tapes, thin lines or pasting. When binding, we should pay attention to the proper position of the specimen, and no part can be exposed, so we can stick it directly with glue. Write the name of the specimen under the leaves. Finally, it can be glued.

(2) Immersion method: Immerse the specimen in a specimen bottle filled with alcohol or formalin.

Method for making transparent specimen

When an organ of a plant is made translucent or transparent, the internal structure can be directly observed from the outside without dissection. Such specimens are called transparent specimens. For example, the distribution of conductive tissues in stems and leaves, the shape and position of pistils in flower buds, etc. If they are made into transparent specimens, they can be observed directly. The procedure of making transparent specimens can be divided into transparent, bleaching, dehydration, preservation and other steps.

transparent

Generally, 1000 ml of 8% potassium hydroxide solution and 1000 ml of 5% ammonia water are mixed, and plants are soaked in its clear liquid. The soaking time varies with plant species and organs. Generally, leaves that are not too thick should be soaked for 12 hours; An organ as thick as a pine cone often takes ten days to soak. In short, the treated material can be taken out when it is soaked into translucent shape. During the soaking time, if the soaking solution is found to be turbid, a new solution should be replaced. Take out the soaked specimen, rinse it with clear water for 30 minutes, and thoroughly wash the liquid medicine attached to the specimen.

bleaching agent

Generally, it is bleached with 3% hydrogen peroxide. Usually, it takes 12 hours for successful bleaching. Bleached materials should be cleaned with water.

dehydrate

Dehydrate with alcohol. In order to avoid material shrinkage, the concentration of alcohol should be increased from small to large, so that the material is gradually dehydrated. Generally, alcohol is mixed into five concentrations of 30, 50, 70, 90 and 95%, and the material is soaked at each concentration 10 hour. It should be noted that dehydration should be sufficient, otherwise the specimen is only white and opaque.

protect

Xylene is often used as a preservation solution. Xylene can not only preserve the specimen for a long time, but also further make the specimen transparent. Put the dehydrated specimen into a specimen bottle filled with xylene, seal the bottle mouth and label it, and then save it for later use.

3. Texture bookmark making method:

Mesophyll will rot when it meets corrosive liquid. It will rot faster when heated. Veins are tough and not easy to corrode. So some plant leaves with hard leaves and tough veins can be made into veins bookmarks.

Tool materials: beaker, tripod, asbestos net, alcohol lamp, match, balance, old toothbrush, tweezers, watercolor pigment, colored silk thread, sodium hydroxide, 3% hydrogen peroxide and osmanthus leaves.

Production process:

1. Pour about 100 ml of water into a beaker, add 4 g of sodium hydroxide to the water, put the beaker on an asbestos net, heat it with an alcohol lamp, and boil the solution.

2. Immerse the plant leaves in the solution, continue to heat for about 15 minutes, and gently stir with tweezers to separate the mesophyll and corrode evenly.

3. When the leaves change color and the mesophyll is brittle, take out the leaves with tweezers and put them in a glass filled with clear water.

4. Take the leaves out of the clear water and put them on the glass. Gently brush the front and back of the leaves with an old toothbrush in running water to brush off the soft parts of the leaves, revealing white veins. Soak the leaves in 3% hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours to make them pure white, then take out the leaves, wash them with clear water and drain the water droplets.

5. Put the vein in an old book or newspaper and press it dry.

6. Take out the flattened vein piece, and when the vein is dry, apply watercolor paint on both sides of the vein with a brush, and flatten it after it is slightly dry.

7. Take out the vein slice coated with pigment and tie a colored silk thread on its petiole to get a delicate and beautiful veins bookmarks.

Description and extension:

1. Besides osmanthus leaves, veins bookmarks can also be made of coral leaves.

2. When heating, the beaker must be placed on the asbestos net. If heated directly, the beaker will break due to uneven heating.

3. The used liquid medicine can be stored in an empty container for next use. General liquid medicine can be recycled for 4-5 times.

4. If there are too many processed leaves, you can change a big beaker and mix water and sodium hydroxide according to the ratio of 100:8.

Another way:

Veins bookmarks chose beautiful leaves, removed mesophyll by chemical treatment, and kept them.

Whole vein, bookmarked by dyeing. Making veins bookmarks can be used as laid-off workers and rural prosperity.

A way for labor to make money.

Production method:

1, select the blade. Choose leaves with thick veins. Generally evergreen woody plants are better. Ru Gui

Mosaic, heather leaves, papaya leaves, eucalyptus leaves, tea leaves, etc. At the end of summer, when the leaves are fully mature and begin to age.

Or choose leaves in autumn.

2. Boil the leaves with lye. Configuration of lye: calculated by 1 liter of water, 70g of sodium carbonate (baking soda) and hydroxyl oxide.

50 grams of sodium chloride (the above two drugs and chemicals are available in stores), and lime water can also be used as an enamel cup instead of lye or

Boil the prepared lye in a casserole, then add some washed leaves, boil and gently stir the leaves with chopsticks.

, to prevent the blade from being compressed, so that it is heated evenly. Cook for about 5 minutes. When the leaves turn black, take out a leaf.

Son, put it in a plastic basin filled with clear water. Check the corrosion and easy peeling of mesophyll, and remove it if it is easy to separate.

Take out all the leaves, put them in a plastic basin filled with clear water, and then separate the mesophyll from the veins one by one.

3. Remove the mesophyll. Put the boiled leaves on the palm of your hand or a glass plate and smooth them with an old toothbrush handle.

Gently rub the leaves to wipe off the corroded mesophyll, then rinse under the faucet and continue rubbing.

Until the mesophyll is completely removed.

4. Bleach blood vessels. Bleaching the brushed veins in bleaching powder solution, taking them out and washing them with clear water.

Sandwiched in old books and newspapers, it can be taken out after draining, and it can be used as a veins bookmarks.

5. Dye, draw and write. Dye your favorite color with red or blue ink or other dyes.

You can draw and write on it, and finally tie a silk thread.