Chest pain is a common symptom in emergency, which is usually caused by chest diseases. The severity of chest pain is not necessarily related to the causes of chest pain. For example, herpes zoster in the chest can produce severe chest pain, while the chest pain in acute myocardial infarction is sometimes not very serious. Therefore, patients with chest pain should be carefully examined to find out the cause of chest pain as much as possible.
(A) the nature and characteristics of chest pain
1? Characteristics of chest pain Chest pain caused by chest wall diseases, the location is clear, and there may be redness, tenderness, rash and deformity locally.
2? The nature of chest pain The chest pain caused by intercostal neuritis is paroxysmal and needle-like pain. Esophagitis causes burning pain. Tearing pain is more common in dissecting aneurysms.
3? The location of chest pain, retrosternal pain is common in angina pectoris. Left anterior chest pain can also be angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and left pneumonia. Chest pain radiating to the left shoulder is mostly angina pectoris.
(2) Common diseases that cause chest pain
1? Pleural diseases such as pleurisy and spontaneous pneumothorax, chest pain caused by these diseases is related to breathing and coughing. Chest pain is aggravated when breathing deeply and coughing, often accompanied by dyspnea. Chest pain is located on one side of the lesion.
2? Cardiovascular diseases are represented by angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, followed by pericarditis. This kind of chest pain is characterized by compression in precordial area and retrosternum, stuffy pain, and even tearing pain. It often radiates to the left shoulder, neck and the inside of the left arm, and in severe cases it is accompanied by shock symptoms.
3? Intercostal neuritis, herpes zoster and esophagitis can all cause chest pain. Severe chest pain occurs in herpes zoster, walking along the intercostal space, and dense small blisters appear on the skin after1~ 2 days.
4? Some abdominal viscera diseases cause chest pain such as subphrenic abscess, acute cholecystitis and acute pancreatitis.
5? Chest trauma is common in rib fracture, with a history of chest trauma, and chest pain is aggravated when breathing or coughing.
(3) Emergency measures for severe chest pain
(1) If angina pectoris is suspected, take oxygen immediately, rest, and have nitroglycerin under your tongue.
(2) For chest pain caused by pleurisy or chest wall diseases, a wider abdominal band can be used to fix the chest wall at the pain place, so as to reduce the motion of the chest during breathing.
(3) Go to the hospital immediately for ECG and X-ray examination. Treat according to the cause.
(4) Take painkillers properly.
Chest pain refers to the symptoms of one or both chest pains. Clinically, it involves a wide range, and many diseases, such as "syncope and heartache", "true heartache", "chest pain", "lung abscess" and "chest knot", all take chest pain as the main symptom. Soul pivot. Five evils "article:" evil in the heart, then the disease hurts. " "Su Wen. On the method of dirty qi: "people with heart disease have pain in the chest and full ribs."
The chest is located on the diaphragm and is inhabited by the heart and lungs. Because the chest is gathered by Qingyang, and all yang are affected by qi in the chest, it is also called "the place where Qingyang gathers" or "the clear and spacious area." Because the heart governs the blood vessels, the lung governs the qi, and the breath is directed to the hundreds of veins, and the qi accumulates in the chest, and the throat is directed to breathe, and the heart veins are penetrated to promote blood, so the heart veins are sick, or attacked by external pathogens, or injured by emotions, or blocked by pathogenic factors, or qi and blood disorders of Yin and Yang, and meridians are dystrophy, all of which can make the chest veins stagnate.
"Common syndromes"
Wind-heat invading the lungs: chest and hypochondriac pain, cough and shortness of breath, or even nasal agitation, yellow sputum or rust color, or accompanied by fever, aversion to cold and thirst. The tip of the tongue is red with yellow fur, and the pulse is floating.
Dry heat burning lung: chest pain and fever, little or no dry expectoration, dry throat and nose, or hemoptysis. Red tongue with scanty body fluid and rapid pulse.
Phlegm heat obstructing the lung: chest pain, cough and asthma, thick yellow sputum, or coughing up blood, or coughing up phlegm with foul smell, chest tightness, nausea and body heat. The tongue is fat and red, and the pulse is slippery.
Stop drinking in chest and hypochondrium: pain in chest and hypochondrium, coughing and spitting, turning sideways, pain due to respiratory traction, tightness and fullness in hypochondrium, and shortness of breath. The tongue is reddish, the fur is thin and white, and the pulse is heavy.
Phlegm congestion: chest pain and fullness, cough, spitting, nausea, obesity. The tongue coating is white and greasy, and the pulse is slippery or the string is slippery.
Excessive cold pathogen: chest pain, pain in the shoulder and back, severe cold pain, chest tightness, shortness of breath, palpitation, pale face, tepid limbs, and even cough and asthma. White tongue coating, deep pulse.
Blood stasis blocking collaterals: chest tingling, immobility, chest tightness, and aggravation at night. The tongue is purple and dark or has petechiae and ecchymosis, and the pulse is fine and astringent.
Qi stagnation: pain in chest and hypochondrium, or paroxysmal tingling, with uncertain pain, chest tightness, discomfort, restlessness and irritability. The moss is thin and folded, and the pulse is string.
Qi deficiency: chest pain, especially on the left side, palpitation, shortness of breath, insomnia, spontaneous sweating and burnout. The tongue is light and tender, and the pulse is weak or knotted.
Yin deficiency: dull pain in chest and hypochondriac region, dry cough, red cheekbones, feverish sensation, hot flashes, night sweats, dry mouth and no desire to drink. Red tongue with little coating and thready pulse.